:STRATEGIESFOR

FACING FUTURE

CHALLENGESeffect

degradation of ecosystems loss of biotopes floods (surface water treatment) loss of neighbourhood identity unsatisfying everyday peopletransportation systems urban heat islands devaluation of land/loss of public goods

cause

climate changepopulation growthfood demandcity densificationcity expansionCo2 emissionsfuture fuel demand

HUMAN IN ITS ENVIRONMENT“intervention and exploitation of the diversity (in nature) without jeopardising the mechanisms”(key themes):eco-economics:natural capitalthoughts after reading about Gilles Clement´s works and thoughts with nature;

How will Malmø be “gardened” in the future?How do we deside what matters more?

NATURE-CULTUREBENEFITION

RESPONSIBILITY FOR BIODIVERSITYethical; as our planets supposed most intelligent species we have a responsebility to care for the rest

emotional;nature/ecosystems as background for memories and key-factor for survival (“the worlds poor” most at risk)

environmental;securing strong ecosystemseconomic; nature exceeds culture in production (insects ability to pollinate hundred-thousands of flowers in one day)

MALMØ IN ITSENVIRONMENT

ECOSYSTEM-SERVICES:water purification:air purification:food:fibers

:nutrient cycling:other

the loss of nature-services is often not detectedby our current economic incentive system

PROVIDED BY NATUREFOR FREE

PRESSURE ON (DE)VALUATED LAND:population growth:changing diets

:urbanisation:climate change:otherresult=ecosystems continously beeing degraded

PRESERVATION and SUSTAINABLE USE OF NATUREvaluation of land

“natural resources, and the ecosystems that provide them, underpin our economic activity, our quality of life and our sosial cohesion”

referance : TEEB08The economics of ecosystems & biodiversity

An interim report by Pavan Sukhdevfor the Environment European Commission

PLANNING WITH BLUE-GREEN STRUCTURE

2005 surface temperature of the world,anomalypicture indicating world urbanisation (from the site astronomy picture of the day)

Malmø´s lokation is shown with a red/black sircle in the pictures. According to the surface-temperature map and other sources of forcast, Malmø´s overall temperature is rising, and similar to the west-coast of Norway the

climate will be a few degrees warmer giving the inhabitants in urban aeras possible trou-ble in summertime, But first of all the overall climatic conditions will be wetter. More frequent and heavier rainfalls will be one of the challenges to deal with in everyday life ; surface-runoff from roofing,roads and other hard surfaces.

“Compact cities with mixed landuse, a good public

transport network and people-oriented public environments is the

most economically sucsessful and most likable ones”.

ALBERT SPEER; A MANIFESTO FOR SUSTAINABLE CITIES

PLANNING FOR FUTURE POTENTIALS / ADVANTAGES

Even if Malmø is facing a moistier future, the summers in most (all?) cities of the world seems to be getting warmer during this season. This phenomenon is caused by our changing of the landscape and oursurroundings into more and more “grey surfaces” that gives us the “urban heat island” effect. In short it makes our city-scape warmer during the summer, making citylife more dificult, and for some (old,sick, children etc.) even deadly as we have seen late summers in cities like Paris, Madrid, Frankfurt,London etc.To avoid this problem in the future it is important in cityplanning to spread out the green aeras (that fight the UHI-effect) in between the buildings where people live and work and stretch them out along where people move between home-work-school-shop-and perform everyday activities, making them accecible for everyone. “Green lungs” decrease sharp, and lower high temperature-curves.

variation in night temperature;city-suburban-rural pildammsparken slottsparken møllevångstorget västrahamnen

GREEN LUNGS

production:food,fibers,medicine,timber,fules

cleansing:water (ground,surface) :airCo2 binding abilitiesclimatic protection :wind/storm :water :(high)temperature :other

soil protection :desert :land slide :eruption

habitat :biodiversity

CREATING BETTER PLACESIN CITY SPACES

NATURE-SERVICE

General goals:

Based on the basic principles outlined in the policy document the following general goals were identified for the management of storm- water in Malmö:: The natural water balance shall not be affected by the urbanization: Pollutants shall to gratest possible extent be kept away from the urban runoff (source control of pollutants): The drainage system shall be designed so that harmful backing up of water in the existing drainage system is avoided.: The drainage system shall be designed so that part of the pollutants in the runoff are removed along its way to the receiving waters.: Stormwater shall wherever possible be looked upon as a positive resource in the urban landscape

The ambition with the new drainage approach is that experts from different disciplines in the city administration shall be actively in- volved in creating additional values to parks, recre-ation areas and other free spaces in the urban environment.

from the dokument “BlueGreenFingerprints” by Peter Stahre; international known expert in the field of “sustainable urban drainage”

The policy document presupposes an extensive cooperation between the technical departments in the city as well as with other stakeholders in the planning process.A project group, with representatives from the city’s technical departments was commissioned to work out detailed directives. This was completed in the early 2008 and the new directives were accepted by the politicians in 2008. On the background of these directives already established further developement of green-blue structures is consentrated on where and woh far to take it.

SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF URBAN RUNOFF

rail with new cityline(pink/brown) inner and outer ringroad(grey) bikepaths(red)

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Organic waste is important for natures nutrient-cycles. Today most of the exsess-waste of the organic products we take in to our household is sendt to waste-plants where it is nor-mally burnt together with other waste, for energy production, or simply to get rid of it.This is not a very sustainable way of handeling a source of nutrients, it is polluting the air relasing green-gasses when burnt, and the nutrient value is lost when it is mixed with other not organically degradable waste-products. At the same time a lot of oil/energy is used to produse, transport and distribute artificial nutrients to the agricultural land-scape to produce new crops.All cities will benefit from having an improved strategy for waste-management in the fu-ture. It will release economic resources better invested elswere. Different cities can ben-efit from different solutiones. Malmø`s sorrunding landscape is heavily agricultural run by large agricultural machinery and farming is havily monocultural based on artificial nutri-ents. This is a challenging way of produsing OUR source of nutrients, it comes with many problems:loss of biotopes and biodiversity due to the monocultural way to manage the landscape:contamination of ocean and fresh water (surface- and ground-) due to nutrient-spills caused by laking wetlands and other ecological systems that could have caught the nutrient overspill (missing because of our laking ability to manage our land better):other

RECYCLING ORGANIC WASTE

BIO-CHAR is a new method to better recycle and use the organic wasteproducts of our way of living and in Malmø it can connect to the nutrient-cycle in a short traveled way, saving money in the agricultural field giving it a low-cost lokal nutrient source that gives fast-er growing crops. And it makes our farmland store (more) Co2 in the prosess.

“Pre-Columbian Amazonian Natives used biochar to enhance soil productivity and made it by smoldering agricul-tural waste[6]. European settlers called it Terra Preta de Indio.[7] Biochar is a high-carbon, fine-grained residue which used to be produced using centuries-old techniques by smoldering biomass (i.e., covering burning biomass with soil and letting it smolder). The ancient method for producing biochar as a soil additive was the “pit” or “trench” method, which created terra preta, or dark soil.[8] (The new method of) Biochar is charcoal created by pyrolysis of biomass. The resulting charcoal-like mate-rial is a form of biosequestration or atmospheric carbon capture and storage.[1] Charcoal is a stable solid and rich in carbon content, and thus, can be used to lock carbon in the soil. Biochar is of increasing inter-est because of concerns about climate change caused by emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases (GHG). Carbon dioxide capture also ties up large amounts of oxygen and requires energy for injection (as via carbon capture and storage), whereas the biochar process breaks into the carbon dioxide cycle, thus releasing oxygen as did coal formation hundreds of millions of years ago. The atmosphere would be rebalanced more quickly this way.

Biochar is a way for carbon to be drawn from the atmosphere and is a solution to reducing the global impact of farming (and in reducing the impact from all agricultural waste). Since biochar can sequester carbon in the soil for hundreds to thousands of years[2], it has received considerable interest as a potential tool to slow global warming. The burning and natural decomposition of trees and agricultural matter contributes a large amount of CO2 released to the atmosphere. Biochar can store this carbon in the ground, potentially making a significant reduction in atmospheric GHG levels; at the same time its presence in the earth can improve water quality, increase soil fertility, raise agricultural productivity and reduce pressure on old growth forests.[3]” from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biochar see also : “The UK Biochar Research Centre (UKBRC)” http://www.geos.ed.ac.uk/sccs/biochar article : Terra Preta;Magic Soil of the Lost Amazon by Allan Balliett“Background note, the Basics of Biochar; Anita Talberg Science, Technology, Environment and Resources Section 10/09/2009 http://www.aph.gov.au/library/pubs/bn/sci/Biochar.htm

BIO-CHAR

A bio-char solution for Malmø would benefit most from focusing on the process of producing the char for recycling household bio-waste, and other waste products suited for this process, into nutrients suitable for agricultural production.

less important for Malmørelevant process for Malmø

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