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3GPP Standards Perspective
Nadeem Akhtar
Centre of Excellence in Wireless Technology
Overview
Technical Challenges
3GPP M2M Architecture
Features and Enhancements
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03-12-2012
Work on M2M standards is currently ongoing in several standardization bodies including 3GPP
3GPP specifies standards for 2G, 3G and 4G wireless communication technologies
3GPP is also working on specifications for deploying M2M services over 2G/3G/4G networks ◦ 3GPP prefers to call it Machine-Type Communication (MTC)
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Source: ETSI
Current mobile networks were designed for human-to-human and human-to-machine interactions ◦ Telephony
◦ SMS/MMS
◦ Multimedia download and streaming
M2M networks are characterised by ◦ Communication that involves little or no human interaction
◦ Large number of devices
◦ Periodic or intermittent network access
◦ Small amount of data per ‘session’
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Device/Service Characteristics
System Requirement
Low Mobility Simplification of mobility control procedures
Time Controlled Enable communication at specific times only
Time Tolerant Low priority while allocating transmission resources
Small Data Transmissions
Reduction in control signaling and the number of concurrent/active network connections
Packet Switched Data Only
Access to services with or without a mobile number
Mobile Originated Only Reduction in frequency of mobility control
Device Triggering Transmission of trigger from network to control device
Device Grouping Aggregate a set of devices to optimize control
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Source: TNO
The following features and enhancements have been identified by 3GPP for Machine Type Communications
◦ Overload/Congestion Control
◦ Identifiers and Addressing
◦ Triggering and Remote Management
◦ Subscription Control and Charging
◦ Security
◦ Lower Device Cost
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MTC App MTC App MTC Device
Operator
Network MTC Server
MTC Interworking
Function
Direct
◦ The MTC Application communicates with the MTC device directly as an OTT application on mobile network
Indirect
◦ The MTC Application makes use of an MTC Server provided by the operator
◦ The interface between the MTC Server and the MTC application remains still out of the scope of 3GPP
◦ The communication between the MTC server and the mobile network becomes internal to the PLMN
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Service Provider Controlled
◦ The MTC Application makes use of an MTC Server, provided by
a third party Service Provider
◦ The interface between the MTC server and the MTC application is totally out of the scope of 3GPP
◦ The MTC server communicates with the 3GPP network by means of an interface or set of interfaces
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MTC App
Operator Network
MTC App MTC App MTC Device
MTC App
MTC Server
Operator Network
MTC App MTC App MTC Device
MTC App MTC App MTC Device
Operator Network B
MTC Server
MTC App
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3 GPP Boundary
MTC Server
API Gi / SGi
Legacy SMS IP SMS
MTCsp
service provider controlled
operator controlled
Gr / S 6 a / S 6 d
RAN MTC Application
Control plane User plane
Indirect Model
Direct Model
Hybrid Model
Gi / SGi
UE MTC User
MTCsms
GGSN / S - GW + P - GW
MTC - IWF
HLR / HSS
SGSN / MME
SMS - SC / IP - SM - GW
Um / Uu /
LTE - Uu
1
2
2
1
1 2 +
MTC Application
CDF / CGF
T 4
T 5 a / T 5 b
Rf / Ga S 6 m
Gn / Gp / S 1 - U
MTC-related enhancements defined in 3GPP Rel. 10 and Rel. 11 specifications to address overload
3G/4G networks ◦ ‘Delay-tolerant’ indication sent by MTC device to RAN at setup
◦ RAN can reject/release “delay tolerant” connections with “extended wait timer” (up to 30min)
◦ CN can indicate “overload” to RAN to limit delay-tolerant traffic
2G networks ◦ CN can notify GERAN of a CN overload situation
◦ An implicit reject mechanism can be used by the network to reject all devices configured for low priority access
◦ MTC-specific broadcast mechanism for access barring
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Release 11 of 3GPP will be frozen by March 2013
In parallel, work on Rel. 12 has already started ◦ MTC work will continue in Release 12 also
Study on low-cost MTC devices for LTE is currently ongoing
Work towards specifications for such devices is expected to start next year
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