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Poster by K. Makita, E. Kang'ethe, G. Zewde, L. Kurwijila, H. Matusse, C. McCrindle, K. Tano-Debrah, B. Bonfoh, S. Costard and D. Grace at the 13th conference of the International Society for Veterinary Epidemiology and Economics, Maastricht, the Netherlands, 20-24 August 2012.
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KEY MESSAGES:
OBJECTIVES: This project aimed to establish the capacity conducting participatory risk analysis to improve food safety and participation of smallholder
farmers in informal markets for livestock products in sub Saharan Africa.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS: This project was funded by BMZ/ILRI. We thank Germany-South African Funding with
Hohenheim University (GTZ), NRF South Africa, University of Pretoria, PSDA/BMZ, ASARECA, Italian Embassy, Japan Ministry
of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology and Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d’Ivoire for co-
funding. We were technically supported by Free University Berlin and Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Germany.
Figure 2. Countries participating and participatory risk analysis studies
Ethiopia • Staphylococcus aureus in
milk
Kenya • E. coli on cattle carcasses in
abattoirs
• E. coli in beef value chain
• Brucella in milk
• Microbiological quality of milk
Tanzania • S. aureus in milk
• Camplylobacter in roast beef
Mozambique • Prerequisites for HACCP in
small scale poultry production
Côte d’Ivoire • Several pathogens in milk
• Inhibition of pathogens by
Bifidobacterium in milk
• Polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbons in fish
Mali • Brucella in milk
• Perception in food safety
Ghana • Listeria monocytogenes in
milk
South Africa • S. aureus in dried beef
product
• Food safety in tribal rituals
• Impala game meat
Key Messages from Safe food, Fair food (BMZ/ILRI) Food safety in informally marketed livestock products in sub Saharan Africa
Makita K1,2, Kangethe E3, Zewde G4, Kurwijila L5, Matusse H6, McCrindle C7, Tano-Debrah K8, Bonfoh B9, Costard S1,10, Grace D1 1International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Kenya, 2Rakuno Gakuen University, Japan, 3University of Nairobi, Kenya, 4Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia, 5Sokoine University of Agriculture, Tanzania,
6Directorate of Animal Science, Mozambique, 7University of Pretoria, South Africa, 8University of Ghana, Ghana, 9Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d’Ivoire, 10Royal Veterinary College, UK
METHODS:
Figure 1 shows key activities (2008-2011)
Food safety country situational analysis • Understanding regulating frameworks of
food safety
• Prioritization of food safety problems
Participatory risk assessment • Done by mainly postgraduate students
• 21 risk assessment studies
National stakeholder workshops • Workshops with Gvt. stakeholders,
academic institutions and private sectors
• Dissemination of situational analysis and
risk assessment results
Figure 1. Key activities of Safe food, Fair food
4. Necessity for trans-
disciplinary research and
action along value chain
2. Risks were less
serious than previously
perceived
1. Realized importance
of informal food chains
in African economy
Facts: Dominance of informal markets in Africa- 80-90% of foods are sold through informal value chains
Facts: Traditional milk fermentation reduces risk of staphylococcal poisoning by 93.5%
Risk reduction
Facts: Structure of informal value chains were identified within a few days Facts:
Perception of risk in milk was dependent on personal trust, not necessarily on hygienic practices
3. Participatory methods
were found useful in risk
assessment in resource
poor countries