Java Micro Edition (ME) 8 Deep Dive

Copyright © 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 1


Java Micro Edition (ME) 8 Deep Dive Mar 28, 2014

Terrence Barr Senior Technologist & Principal Product Manager Java Embedded and Internet of Things Oracle


Safe Harbor Statement

The following is intended to outline our general product direction. It is intended for information purposes only, and may not be incorporated into any contract. It is not a commitment to deliver any material, code, or functionality, and should not be relied upon in making purchasing decisions. The development, release, and timing of any features or functionality described for Oracle’s products remains at the sole discretion of Oracle.


Agenda

§  The Rise of the Internet of Things §  Java ME 8: Background and Overview §  Java ME Connected Limited Device Configuration (CLDC) 8 §  Java ME Embedded Profile (MEEP) 8 §  Java ME 8 Security §  Device I/O API (DIO) §  Oracle Java ME Embedded 8 Product Information §  Conclusion & Resources

Note: Java ME 8 is not final yet and information presented here is subject to change.


The Rise of the Internet of Things

x86 Architecture/ Windows OS

Standards Based Hardware & Software Proprietary Hardware

& Software

1960 - 1985 Host Era

2006 - 2025 Internet of Things

1985-2006 PC Era

The 3rd IT Revolution


IoT Everything

Huge Scale

Fragmentation

Access

Privacy

Security Cost

Time-to-Market

Communication

Interoperability

Resources Lifecycle

Reliability

Power

Management

Data Flow

Analytics

Touches Challenges


Healthcare Industrial Automation


Home Automation

Smart Utilities

Automotive Telematics

Java Embedded Enables New IoT Services


The Path to New Services

Always-on connected to

variety of sensors and running

multiple software applications

Generates high-frequency

Fast Data analysis for instant decision

making and automation of

information flows

Enables customer service

differentiation from automated, real-

time responsiveness

Responsiveness Big Data

Intelligent Devices

Fueling New Services


Need for a Horizontal Services Platform Stop reinventing the plumbing!

Your Value-Add

Shift from proprietary point

solutions to

horizontal platforms and

infrastructure


The Full Picture: IoT is End-to-End Data & Control Flow, Security, Management, Integration

Event Processing

Data Management

Big Data Analytics

Integration

Spatial/GIS

CRM

Service

Billing

Industry Solutions

Intelligent System Application

Portal

UI

Sensing Device Concentrator or Gateway Network Cloud Intelligent Systems

Foundation Supporting Applications

Other Data Generating Sources such as Social

Media

Fixed Internet

2G, 3G, LTE, Satellite

NFC, Bluetooth, Zigbee, WLAN, DASH7 Fixed

Internet

Internet

Gateway

Network Abstraction

Protocol Gateway

Service Bus

Data Sync, Control, Feedback and Updates

Data Encryption, Device and Application Identity and Access Management

Base Stations Switches

Management Billing

Provisioning

Scalable Resilient Secure

Standards Based Managed Integrated

Value-Add Services

External Systems

Industry Specific core solutions and external/customer

systems

Any Device from Cameras, Smart Cards, Medical

Equipment, Consumer Goods,

Vehicles, Containers, Buildings.


Oracle’s Internet of Things Platform

ENGINEERED SYSTEMS, SERVERS & STORAGE

EVENT PROCESSING

JAVA EMBEDDED

SUITE

INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS

PARTNER INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS

BUSINESS APPLICATIONS


Why Java for IoT?

Software Updatability & Extended Lifecycle

Large Ecosystem & Pool of Resources

Reduced Time-to-Market, Reduced Risk

Software Portability & Increased Reach

Robust & Proven Technology

Standards-based, Trusted Vendor

Faster Innovation & Competitive Advantage

End-to-end Development Platform

Ease of Reuse and Back-End Integration


Drivers behind Java ME 8

Requirement Description

Modern embedded software platform

•  Robust, secure, cross-platform software execution environment •  Modular software system and remote operation extends product

value and reduced cost/risk •  Leverage feature-rich platform and focus on your value-add

Efficient software development and deployment model

•  Address the challenges of traditional embedded development •  Accelerate time-to-market •  Enable software portability and economies of scale •  Leverage large ecosystem of expertise and partners

Increased market reach •  Platform “right-sizing” allows to address wide range of use cases and target markets with a single software model, from low-footprint devices to more powerful systems

Open, based on standards, interoperable

•  Avoid vendor lock-in •  Participate in and benefit from technology innovation •  Integratable with many industry standards

Meeting the Challenges of the Internet of Things


Java ME 8: Background and Overview


Unifying the Java Ecosystem for Embedded

•  Java ME 8 is the “little sibling” of Java SE 8 •  Portability of applications and libraries across the Java Platform •  Java ME vs. Java SE is a footprint/functionality tradeoff •  Java ME & Java SE release cycles are in sync

Key Principles

•  Modern and flexible platform for delivering embedded software •  Unified development experience & community across Java •  Aligned Java language, core APIs, development, and tools •  Enable 9+ Million Java developers to develop for Java Embedded

Benefits

Enabling Java Developers to be Embedded Developers


Java ME 8: Key Themes and Features

•  Unifying Java Embedded ecosystem & unleashing innovation •  Dedicated and optimized embedded software platform •  Enable increased range of use cases and markets

Themes

Key Features

•  Modern, flexible, standards-based software platform •  Value-add new & enhanced features for embedded and wireless •  Improved configurability and optimized footprint

•  Target devices as low as at 128 KB RAM, 1 MB Flash/ROM (see note)

Target Markets

•  Small to mid-embedded covering wide range of use cases/markets •  Intelligent edge devices, communication nodes, healthcare

devices, smart sensors, smart meters, general IoT/M2M solutions

Next-Generation Software Platform for the Internet of Things

Note: MEEP 8 Minimal Profile Set, optimized for single-function devices. Actual footprint will vary based on target device and use case.


Quick Compare: Java ME 8 vs. CLDC 1.1 Feature Java ME 8 Java ME CLDC 1.1

Supported Standards CLDC 8 and MEEP 8 CLDC 1.1 (+ MIDP 2/IMP-NG)

Year of release 2014 2003

Java SE 8 alignment (language, APIs, VM) yes no

Service-enabled application platform yes no

Concurrent application execution yes no

Enhanced software provisioning and management yes no

Software modularization and re-use yes no

Scalable platform yes no

Dedicated embedded design yes no

Advanced security model and security services yes no

Advanced connectivity yes No


Java ME 8 Focus

Platform Footprint

Device CPU/ GPU/I-O

50KB-1MB

1MB-10MB

10MB-100MB Java ME Java SE

Java Card

ARM 7 - Cortex M - ARM9/11 - Cortex A - MIPS32 - PPC - Intel Atom


Java ME 8 Platform Overview

Java VM

Additional APIs (Examples)

Java ME Connected Limited Device Configuration (CLDC) 8 (JSR 360)

Additional Optional APIs

On-Device I/O Access

Vertical Specific APIs Location

Messaging Wireless Communication

Web Services

Protocols and Data Conversion

Sensors Additional Optional JSRs

Security and Management

Use Case Software (e.g. smart pen)

Use Case Software (e.g. wireless module)

Use Case Software (e.g. control unit)

Use Case Software (e.g. smart meter)

Application Platform

Java ME Embedded Profile (MEEP) 8 (JSR 361)

On-Device I/O Access

Device I/O API

SATSA (JSR 177)

Security and Trust Services

Generic Connection Framework

GCF 8


Java ME 8: Top 10 Features

§ Alignment with Java SE platform § Designed for Embedded § Highly Portable and Scalable § Consistent Across Devices § Advanced Application Platform § Modularized Software Services § Multiple Client Domains (Device Partitioning) § Access to Peripheral Devices § Compatible to existing standard APIs § Dedicated Embedded Tooling


1: Aligned with Java SE 8

§  Java ME 8 is a major step towards alignment with Java SE 8 –  Adds SE 8 language, libraries, and virtual machine features –  Enables portability of code across the Java Platform,

from small to large –  Unifying the development model: Enables 9 million Java

developers to target embedded space

§  Java ME 8 remains –  Backward compatible to previous Java ME versions –  Focused on resource-constrained devices


2: Designed for Embedded

§  Java ME 8 is purpose-built for connected embedded solutions

–  Fully headless operation –  Robust and secure application execution –  Application monitoring and recovery –  Remote software provisioning and

management –  Versatile advanced connectivity, including popular

protocols and latest security standards such as TLS 1.2 –  Power management framework


3: Highly Portable and Scalable

Platform Footprint

Device CPU/ GPU/I-O

50KB-1MB

1MB-10MB

10MB-100MB Java ME Java SE

Java Card

ARM 7 - Cortex M - ARM9/11 - Cortex A - MIPS32 - PPC - Intel Atom


4: Consistent Across Devices

§  Java ME 8 brings consistency to embedded platforms –  Decouples applications from underlying fragmented

embedded hardware and software –  Consistent Java APIs and functionality across devices

§ Enables creating embedded solutions efficiently –  Create portable Java applications that scale across a

variety of devices with minimal effort –  Replace or update target devices without rewriting –  Instead of fighting complexity, focus on your business

value and reduce cost and time to market


5: Advanced Application Platform

§  Java ME 8 Multi-Application Model –  Robust concurrent execution of

multiple applications

§ Enhanced Software Provisioning –  Secure remote software provisioning and management,

including full application lifecycle control

§ Addresses requirements for many new embedded use cases –  Enables remotely manageable and flexible software solutions –  Reliable in-field software updates to deliver improvements, new

features, or to extend product life


6: Modularized Software Services

§ Multi-Application Model enables software modularization –  Application logic can be partitioned into functional

modules running as individual services –  Services collaborate to provide complete solution –  Services can be developed, deployed, and

managed independently

§ Enables faster, more flexible software development and deployment –  Increases agility in developing new functionality or updates –  Allows generalization and reuse of services –  Reduces footprint, deployment overhead, and time-to-market


7: Multiple Client Domains (“Partitioning”)

§  Java ME 8 supports multiple Client Domains on device (“Multi-Tenancy”)

–  Example clients: ODM, service provider, system integrator, software developer

–  Each client has its own security domain (policy, privileges, parameters)

–  All software executes in the domain of its client with strict enforcement of security privileges and limitations

§ Enables secure sharing of a device by different clients as part of an embedded value chain


8: Access to Peripheral Devices

§ Device I/O API –  Platform-neutral access to peripheral device hardware

directly from Java, no native coding involved –  Allows easy support of use-case specific

peripherals, such as sensors, actuators, converters, etc

–  Extensible for specialized devices –  Supports a range of common I/O

§  GPIO, I2C, SPI, ADC, DAC, UART, AT Commands, Pulse counter, PWM, memory-mapped I/O, and more

§ Also planned for Java SE


9: Compatible with Standard APIs

§  Java ME 8 is designed to be compatible with established standards and APIs such as

–  JSR 75 (File API) –  JSR 120 (Wireless Messaging API) –  JSR 172 (Web Services API) –  JSR 177 (Security and Trust Services API) –  JSR 179 (Location API) –  JSR 280 (XML API) –  and more …


10: Enhanced Embedded Tooling

§ Java ME 8 SDK –  Tools and emulation for rapid development

of embedded Java ME applications –  Includes device emulator, application

management interface, memory monitor, network monitor, and more

–  Live code deployment and debugging on devices

§ NetBeans Plug-ins –  Integration with Java ME SDK –  Full-featured, integrated development

environment for embedded

Free Tools


General IoT and Machine-to-Machine (M2M) solutions

Smart Meters & Smart Sensors

Medical: eHealth & TeleHealth

Wireless Modules, Gateways, Connected Car

Industrial Control, Telemetry

Java ME 8 Example Use Cases Enabling products and services across different market segments


§ Modular & flexible §  Complete development and prototyping

platform built around QSC6270T SoC §  CPU, RAM/Flash, I/O, GPS, 3G, WiFi §  Extensible through pluggable modules

§ Universal IoE/M2M platform §  Quickly and easily start building advanced

IoE concepts with Java §  Leverage Qualcomm and AT&T “Internet

of Everything” developer program

Qualcomm IoE Development Platform Java ME 8: 2nd Generation Java ME for Qualcomm IoE


§ Smart & small §  Leverage existing compute resources §  Small, connected, low power §  Full Java application platform §  Remote software provisioning and

management

§ Add intelligence and connectivity to vertical solutions §  Industrial automation, healthcare,

security & monitoring, and more

Cinterion Wireless Modules Java ME 8: Coming to Gemalto Next-Generation M2M Product Range


l  Raspberry Pi (Model B) l  Broadcom BCM2835 (ARM1176JZF) SOC l  700 MHz, 512 MB RAM, Linux (Debian) l  ~1 million devices sold, US $35

l  Peripherals supported l  Headless (no graphics) l  Network (Ethernet TCP/IP), SD card (file) l  Serial/UART l  Devices attached via I2C, SPI, and GPIO

l  Brings Java ME Embedded features to Raspberry Pi

Raspberry Pi Popular, low-cost board for development and educational use

GPIO, UART, I2C, SPI


Connected Microcontrollers A perfect use case for Java ME Embedded

§ Microcontrollers are becoming more powerful and better connected -  On-chip memory is expanding to meet the needs of

Java ME Embedded -  Enables cost effective, single-chip solutions with Java

§ Brings the benefits of Java to the microcontroller space -  Platform-independence, efficient software

development, ability for in-field software updates, secure and robust software execution


Java ME Connected Limited Device Configuration (CLDC) 8 And Generic Connection Framework (GCF) 8


Java SE 8

• Description -  CLDC 8 is an long-anticipated, evolutionary update for CLDC 1.1.1 to bring

the VM, Java language and core API libraries in alignment with Java SE 8

•  Key Features -  Synchronize Java SE 8 language features into Java ME -  CLDC 8 is an extended strict subset of Java SE 8 -  Introduce developer-friendly Java SE APIs -  Includes updated Generic Connection Framework (GCF) 8 -  Virtual Machine update to align with Java SE developer tools -  Remain small and enable footprint optimizations -  Backward binary compatible

CLDC 8 High-Level Overview

CLDC 8

Bringing The World of Java SE to Java ME


CLDC 8 architecture

CLDC 8 NIO files

NIO channels

Logging

Compact Configuration

NIO buffers java.lang java.io java.security java.util

GCF 8 Multicast Secure

Datagram Modem

Connection HTTP HTTPS Socket Server Socket Datagram

Java VM


Configurations

The “CLDC Configuration” is the complete set of CLDC APIs

Provides maximum

functionality for applications

Typical CLDC platform footprint is 1-2 MB ROM

The CLDC Compact Configuration defines a subset for very small target platforms

Omits Logging, NIO Files, and NIO Channels

Tailored for very constrained

devices (512 K ROM)

CLDC is scalable to small and very small devices


New Java Language Features

• private void setInterval(int interval) { assert interval > 0 && interval <= 1000 : "Invalid value?”;

} Assertions

•  Added support for AbstractCollection, AbstractList, AbstractSet, Collection, Collections, Enumeration, Iterator, List, ListIterator Generics

• void processList(Vector<String> list) { for (String item : list) { ...

}

Enhanced for Loop

• Hashtable<Integer, String> data = new Hashtable<>(); void add(int id, String value) {

data.put(id, value); }

Autoboxing



• enum Season {WINTER, SPRING, SUMMER, FALL}; private Season season; void setSeason(Season newSeason) { season = newSeason;

Enumerations

• void warning(String format, String... parameters) { for(String p : parameters) { process(p); } }

Varargs

• import static data.Constants.RATIO; ... double r = Math.cos(RATIO * theta);

Static imports

• SuppressWarnings, Deprecated, Override @Deprecated public void clear(); • (JLS 7 section 9.6.3.2 @Retention - SOURCE retentions policy only.)

Annotations



• switch (arg) { case "-data": ... case "-out": ...

Strings in switches

• long mask = 0xfff0_ff08_4fff_0fffl; byte flags = 0b01001111;

Binary integral literals and underscores in numeric literals

• catch (IOException | InterruptedException ex) { logger.log(ex); throw ex;

Multi-catch and more precise rethrow

• Hashtable<String, String> map = new Hashtable<>();

Improved Type Inference for Gen. Instance Creation (diamond)

• try (DataInputStream is = new DataInputStream(...)){ return is.readDouble(); }

Try-with-resources statement


Library Updates

§ CLDC Library –  Platform extensibility via Service Providers (ServiceLoader) –  EventObject and EventListener –  Subset of NIO Buffers –  NIO Files and NIO Channels –  Logging –  StringBuilder and String Formatter –  Comparable interface –  Try with resources – Closeable and AutoCloseable


Library Updates

§ New Collections –  List – ArrayList, LinkedList –  Map – HashMap, LinkedHashMap, WeakHashMap –  Set – HashSet, LinkedHashSet –  Queue – Deque, ArrayDeque –  Iterable and Iterator, ListIterator


Focus on: Service Providers

§ A service is a well-known set of interfaces and abstract classes that is implemented by a (service) provider.

§ Providers can be installed to extend the Java platform. § Providers are located and instantiated on demand. § Providers are identified via a provider-configuration file in the

META-INF/services resource directory.

An extension mechanism for the Java platform


Service Providers - Example

import com.XYZ.ServiceA; ServiceLoader<ServiceA> sl1= ServiceLoader.load(ServiceA.class);

An extension mechanism for the Java platform

ServiceB

ServiceB Provider1

ServiceB Provider2

com.XYZ.ServiceA

ServiceA Provider1

ServiceA Provider3

ServiceA Provider3

Resources: META-INF/services/com.XYZ.ServiceA:

META-INF/services/ServiceB:

ServiceAProvider1 ServiceAProvider2 ServiceAProvider3 ServiceBProvider1 ServiceBProvider2


Updates to CLDC Virtual Machine

• Target devices are not able to support InvokeDynamic • No support for reflection or retention of runtime annotations

CLDC 8 supports the Java VM Specification for SE 7 with some limitations

• For classfile versions 51 and 52 • without a preverifier

Verification by Type Checking

• For classfile versions 48 and older

Legacy Verification (Preverifier)


Unsupported Java SE 8 Features

§  Features not essential for small embedded use cases – keeping the VM complexity and footprint low

–  No reflection –  No serialization –  No InvokeDynamic/Lambda expressions –  No JNI and application native code –  No User-defined class loaders –  No runtime annotations –  No thread groups and daemon threads –  No concurrency utilities –  Limited Math APIs (No BigDecimals) –  Limited security APIs –  Limited collection APIs (No sorted collection classes)


CLDC Summary

Language Alignment with SE 8

VM Alignment with SE 8

Library Alignment with SE 8

Compact Configuration for very small devices

GCF 8 to provides flexible networking

Developer leverage to tools, APIs and knowledge


Generic Connection Framework (GCF)

• Consistent IPv6 support • Generic ConnectionOption mechanism to parameterize connections •  Permissions apply per protocol •  Extended failure information via exceptions from java.net

Consolidates GCF specification from CLDC, MIDP, CDC, and JSR 197

•  File support via StreamConnection •  IP Multicast •  Latest version of security protocols via TLS 1.2 •  Secure datagram connection via DTLS 1.2 • Modem connection enhances CommConnection with control of hardware handshake

New and enhanced protocols


Generic Connection Framework (GCF)

CLDC

DatagramConnection ContentConnection

InputConnection OutputConnection StreamConnection

CLDC 8

SecureServerConnection SecureDatagramConnection

ModemConnection UDPMulticastConnection

CommConnection HttpConnection HttpsConnection

SecureConnection ServerSocketConnection

SocketConnection UDPDatagramConnection


New GCF Features

•  GCF consistently supports IPv6 addresses •  The value of the host field on Connector.open must be

a symbolic hostname, an IPv4 address or an IPv6 address surrounded by square brackets ('[', ']’).

•  datagram://[2001:db8::7]:4567 •  multicast://[FF0X::101]:4444

IPv6


New GCF Features

•  GCF includes support for UDP Multicast •  1 to n communication of UDP datagrams •  Multicast is important for distributed services:

Used for service announcement and discovery, media streaming •  Dynamic Discovery for configuration and rendezvous (mDNS,

Bonjour) •  The new protocol class UDPMulticastConnection enables

•  Client and server scenarios •  Joining multicast groups •  Creating a multicast server socket

UDP Multicast


New GCF Features

•  SecureConnection and SecureServerConnection support TLS 1.2

•  SecureServerConnection provides the server-side of a TLS connection

•  Both can be parameterized to: •  Select a set of cipher suites •  Select a minimum protocol version •  Request client authentication

TLS protocol enhancements


New GCF Features

•  SecureDatagramConnection provides client-side support for DTLS

•  It can be parameterized to: •  Select a set of cipher suites •  Select a minimum protocol version •  Request client authentication

DTLS protocol support for TLS over UDP


New GCF Features

•  Utility functions for name lookup, reverse name lookup and for testing the reachability of a host (ping):

• getCanonicalHostName(String host) • isReachable(String host, int ttl, int timeout) • getByName(String host)

NetworkUtilities


New GCF Features

•  Purpose: monitor and control the signal lines of a serial interface

•  Getter and setter for the line mode (input/output) •  Getter and setter for the line state •  Listener for changes to the state of an input line

Modem Connection


New GCF Features

•  Type-safe mechanism for protocol-specific additional parameters •  Useful for selecting access points, proxy settings, proprietary protocol

extensions •  Multiple connection options can be used with varargs

ConnectionOptions

• ConnectionOption <String> keep = new ConnectionOption<> ("KeepAlive", "KEEP_ALIVE");

ConnectionOption <Integer> port = new ConnectionOption<>("ProxyPort", 80); Connection c = Connector.open(“my.server.com”, keep, port)

Example

Additional protocol parameters


New GCF Features: Access Point

§ The AccessPoint API enables: –  Obtaining a list of available network access points –  Querying the access technology (e.g. 3GPP, CDMA, Wi-Fi, Wired) –  Getting Access-point technology-specific properties (e.g. 3GPP country

code, network code) –  Selection of an access point for a connection –  Receive connect/disconnect events –  Selection of roaming/non-roaming

Selecting a Network Access Point


New GCF Features: Access Point

AccessPoint aps[] = AccessPoint.getAccessPoints(true); AccessPoint ap = aps[0]; // attach an event listener to the first access point ap.addListener(new AccessPointListener() { public void notifyEvent(AccessPoint accessPoint, int eventType) { if ((eventType == AccessPointListener.EVENT_TYPE_AVAILABLE)) System.out.println(“signalstrength = ”+ ap.getProperty(“signalstrength")); } }); // select the first access point for communication ConnectionOption<String> id = new ConnectionOption<>("AccessPoint”, ap.getId()); Connection c = Connector.open("http://www.oracle.com/index.html", id);

Example


Development Tools for CLDC 8

§  Standard JDK 7 or 8 tools can be used for application development §  Embedded-specific hints & warning messages

–  Provides developer with additional information to optimize code §  Debug structures are optional

–  Debug features can be ignored/filtered out to save footprint

§  Future tools under consideration may include –  Optimizing converter/compiler plugin for optimizing CLDC 8 applications

§  Integrated with Java ME SDK and IDEs


Java ME Embedded Profile (MEEP) 8


MEEP 8 High-Level Overview

§ Description –  MEEP is an evolution of JSR 228 (IMP-NG), defining a modernized Java

application platform with features and enhancements targeted at the small- and mid-range embedded market

§ Key Features –  Builds on CLDC 8 –  Robust and flexible multi-tasking/concurrent application model –  “Services-enabled” application platform supports modular software

design, deployment, and management –  Enhanced and flexible security model –  Improved configurability and optimized footprint for deployment

The Evolution of Java ME for Embedded


MEEP 8 Key Features and Benefits A Modern Services-Enabled Software Platform for Embedded

Feature Benefit

Built on CLDC 8 Leverages CLDC 8 language features, APIs, and permissions model to align with Java SE 8

API Optionality and “Profile Sets”

Enables “right-sizing” of platform to optimize footprint and reduce hardware requirements for specific target device

Software Provisioning and Management

Supports remote deployment, management, and monitoring of software components

Support for Software Modularization

Enables modular software development and deployment, reducing development effort, complexity, and footprint

Support for advanced connectivity

Supports a wide range of connectivity options, both wired and wireless, including advanced support for cellular

Enhanced security model Enables implementation of use case-specific security policies for authentication and authorization


MEEP 8 Target Devices and Footprint

§ MEEP 8 is designed for “Right-Sizing” –  Well-defined optionality and modularity allows matching software features

to deployment target footprint –  Greatly expands the range of addressable use cases and devices

§ Target Device Categories –  Minimal Single-Function Device: Smallest possible footprint –  Standard Multi-Function Device: Expands with functional requirements –  Full Multi-Function Device: Full functionality, footprint not a concern

Adressing New Market Opportunities


MEEP 8: Right-Sizing The Platform

MEEP 8 Full Profile Set

MEEP 8 Minimal Profile Set • Mandatory core APIs, application model,

application packaging Target Devices/Use Cases •  Very small devices (low cost/power/size) •  Single-function use cases (e.g. smart

sensor)

Minimum: •  128 kB RAM •  1 MB Flash Recommended: •  256 kB RAM •  2 MB Flash (see notes 1, 2)

MEEP 8 Standard Profile Set •  Adds support for software services platform

(multi-tasking, application mgmt, shared libs, events, enhanced security model, etc)

• Optional Packages as per use case Target Devices/Use Cases • Mid-range MCU/low-end embedded systems • Wide range of use cases (e.g. wireless

module, industrial control system, remote monitoring device, smart network note, etc)

Minimum: •  512 kB RAM •  2 MB Flash Recommended: •  1 MB RAM •  3 MB Flash (see note 1)

MEEP 8 Full Profile Set •  All ME 8 functionality and Optional Packages Target Devices/Use Cases • High-end MCU or mid-range embedded

systems • Use cases requiring full software functionality,

footprint not a concern

Minimum: •  2 MB RAM •  4 MB Flash (see note 1)

CLDC 8

Optional Package

Optional Package

Optional Package

Application(s)

MEEP 8 Standard Profile Set

MEEP 8 Minimal Profile Set

Optional JRSs

Optional APIs Notes:

1) Actual footprint will vary based on target device and use case. 2) MEEP 8 Minimal Profile Set, optimized for single-function devices.


Application or Service

MEEP 8

MEEP 8 Architecture

CLDC 8

javax. microedition.

midlet

New in MEEP 8 Updated in MEEP 8


io (optional)


event (optional)


key (optional)


lui (optional)


media (optional)


power (optional)


rms (optional)


swm (optional)


cellular (optional)

Application or Service Application or Service


Package Description javax.microedition.midlet The Application and the environment in which the application runs.

javax.microedition.swm [OPTIONAL] Provides extended software management features to MEEP.

javax.microedition.cellular [OPTIONAL] Provides classes to obtain information about cellular networks the device is registered on.

javax.microedition.event [OPTIONAL] Events for system state changes and application to application communication.

javax.microedition.power [OPTIONAL] Power management.

javax.microedition.io [OPTIONAL] Networking support based on the Generic Connection Framework Specification.

javax.microedition.lui [OPTIONAL] Set of features to implement Line-oriented User Interface.

javax.microedition.key [OPTIONAL] Support of embedded device key input.

javax.microedition.media [OPTIONAL] Features for Audio support on embedded Devices.

javax.microedition.rms [OPTIONAL] Mechanism for applications to persistently store data and later retrieve it

MEEP 8 API Packages


MEEP 8 Application Platform A modern platform to build flexible, modular, and manageable software

Component/concept Description

Software provisioning Provision of applications and libraries, and management of dependencies

Software management Control lifecycle of software components

Application concurrency (MVM) Concurrent execution of multiple apps, in isolation

Inter-application communication (IMC) Exchange data between applications (synchronous)

Events Send/receive events across system (asynchronous)

Service Provider/Consumer pattern Enable shared services and service consumers

Shared Libraries (LIBlets) Share common code across applications


MEEP 8 Modularized Software Services

§ Multi-Application Model enables software modularization –  Application logic can be partitioned into functional

modules running as individual services –  Services collaborate to provide complete solution –  Services can be developed, deployed, and

managed independently

§ Enables faster, more flexible development and deployment –  Increases agility in developing new functionality or updates –  Allows generalization and reuse of services –  Reduces footprint, deployment overhead, and time-to-market

Flexible Software Design and Re-Use


MEEP 8 Software Provisioning & Management

Installation Mgmt install/update/remove & resolve dependencies

Lifecycle Mgmt start/stop/terminate &

prioritize

Provisioning download, authenticate,

verify

Security Policy Provider security policy &

permissions Storage

App-1 App

Mgmt Agent

Application Management System (AMS)

Authentication Provider authenticate App-2

Java Runtime

Uses API

2. Download

3. Authenticate (2)

4. Install

6. Access

7. Provide

8. Control

9. Secure 5. Store

Application Package

Deployment Infrastructure •  Identity •  Provisioning •  Security Policy •  Management

1. Implement protocol App Management Agent: •  Privileged application •  Implements deployment-

specific protocol •  Manages local

applications via AMS API

3. Authenticate (1)

Client Device


Shareable Software Components

§  A shareable software component that one or more applications MAY use at runtime

§  Save static footprint size by enabling multiple application suites to share the same common code without packaging them redundantly

§  Reduced download times for applications that declare dependencies on shared components

§  Each shared library exposes a set of classes and resources to applications for their use just as if those classes and resources were originally packaged within the application JAR

§  Different implementations of the same API can be can be accessed via the Service Provider/Consumer pattern

Shared Libraries (LIBlets)


Service Provider/Consumer Pattern

§ Service is a well known set of interfaces/abstract classes; Service Provider is an implementation of the service

§ Enables consumers to use services by one or more providers § Features of the Application Platform Framework

–  Ability of apps, shared libraries, or runtime to declare it provides a service (provider) –  Ability of apps or shared libraries declare a dependency on a service (consumer) –  Ability of the AMS to bind a consumer to a provider, and rebind on updates –  Service provider executed in context of consumer (client application)

§ Benefits –  Modular software design, increased reuse, easier updating, reduced

testing, reduced footprint

Based on Java SE ServiceLoader API


MID

let S

uite

1

MID

let S

uite

2

How does it work?

Simple example, Service Provider and Consumer are two different apps

MIDlet 2

LIBlet 2 MIDlet 1


How does it work? (cont)


MID

let S

uite

1

MID

let S

uite

2

MIDlet 2

LIBlet 2 MIDlet 1

LIBlet2.jar/META-INF/services/com.example.CodecSet

LIBlet2.jar/META-INF/MANIFEST MIDletSuite1.jad

LIBlet-Services: com.example.CodecSet …

MIDlet-Dependency-1: service; required; com.example.CodecSet …

com.example.impl.StandardCodecs # Standard codecs


How does it work? (cont)


MID

let S

uite

1

MID

let S

uite

2

class StandardCodecs

class MIDlet1

MIDlet 2

LIBlet 2 MIDlet 1

public class StadardCodecs implements CodecSet { public StadardCodecs() { … } public Encoder getEncoder(String encodingName) { return new EncoderImpl(…); } }

private static ServiceLoader<CodecSet> codecSetLoader = ServiceLoader.load(CodecSet.class); public static Encoder getEncoder(String encodingName) { for (CodecSet cp : codecSetLoader) { Encoder enc = cp.getEncoder(encodingName); if (enc != null) return enc; } return null; }

Interface CodecSet public interface CodecSet { public Encoder getEncoder(String encodingName); public Decoder getDecoder(String encodingName); }


Java ME 8 Security


Java ME 8 Security Overview

§ Trust Model –  Authentication of client security domains and all associated software

components

§ Runtime Security –  Sandboxed execution in a controlled environment with secure code

loading, verification, and strong data typing –  Code authorization model enforces fine-grain permissions control for

access to resources and data

§ Security Services –  Advanced Cryptography and Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) –  Latest secure communication standards (TLS 1.2)

Comprehensive platform security


Java Runtime Execution Security

Example: File Access §  All code execution is under direct

control of Virtual Machine §  Access to resources and

functionality must be explicitly allowed

§  Permissions are checked at every access

§  All accidental or malicious access at any point is denied by Java runtime

Fine-grain Java SE Security Model and Permissions


Multiple Client Security Domains (“Partitioning”)

§ Java ME 8 supports multiple Client Security Domains on device (“Multi-Tenancy”)

–  Example clients: ODM, service provider, system integrator, software developer

–  Each client has its own security domain (policy, privileges, parameters)

–  All software executes in the domain of its client with strict enforcement of security privileges and limitations

§ Enables secure sharing of a device by different clients as part of an embedded solution

Enabling the embedded software value chain


Multiple Client Security Domains: Example

CPU Designer

Solution Partner

Service Provider

System on Chip Vendor

(SOC) OEM/ODM Enterprise

Enabling a secure and robust software value chain

§  Each client can have their specific security domain and context, based on the deployment needs (e.g. permissions, credentials, settings)

§  Clients and associated software co-exist on the device, but are strictly separated

§  Software components collaborate through well-defined mechanisms to provide entire solution

Device


Device I/O API (DIO)


Access to Peripheral Devices

§ Device I/O API –  Platform-neutral access to peripheral device hardware

directly from Java, no native coding involved –  Allows easy support of use-case specific

peripherals, such as sensors, actuators, converters, etc

–  Extensible for specialized devices –  Supports a range of common I/O

§  GPIO, I2C, SPI, ADC, DAC, UART, AT Commands, Pulse counter, PWM, memory-mapped I/O, and more

–  Also planned for Java SE

Extensible I/O directly from Java applications


Device I/O API Features in ME 8

Peripheral Type Description Peripheral abstraction interface All access to peripherals via PeripheralManager (late binding)

General Purpose Input/Output (GPIO) Access to buttons, switches, LEDs, etc.

Inter-Integrated Circuit Bus (I2C) Access to I2C slaves (sensors, RTC, DAC/ADC, NVRAM, …)

Serial Peripheral Interface Bus (SPI) Access to SPI slaves (audio devices, LCD screens, EEPROM/Flash, …)

Analog/Digital conversion Access to ADC and DAC channels

Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter (UART)

Access to UART serial communication and control

Memory-Mapped Input/Output Access to devices with memory-mapped registers and memory blocks

AT Command Interface Access to modems and devices supporting AT commands

Watchdog Watchdog functionality to ensure reliable operation

Pulse counter Access to pulse counter functionality

Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) Access to pulse width modulation output


Oracle Java ME Embedded 8 Product Information


Embedded Application(s) Embedded Application(s)

Virtual Machine

Optional JSR System Controller

Communication Management

Device Management

Tooling Agent

Software Provisioning

Identity Management

Messaging Monitoring & Logging

Data Store & Sync

Web Server Other Services/ Protocols Graphics/UI

Optional JSR

Embedded Application(s)

Oracle Java ME 8 Product Strategy An extensible, customizable embedded software platform

Oracle Java ME Embedded Product

Building Blocks (Oracle or partners): Services and/or Libraries (examples)

Oracle or 3rd Party JSRs

3rd Party Enhancement

3rd Party Enhancement

3rd Party Enhancements

• Local Peripherals • IoT Network • Enterprise

Note: Preliminary - Not all

components shown are currently available

Local or Network Interfaces


Designed for Small Embedded •  Complete Java runtime optimized for low-

footprint ARM architecture devices •  Portable, extensible architecture to address

diverse embedded requirements •  Dedicated embedded features and APIs

Latest Java ME platform •  Best-in-class multitasking VM •  APIs to support connectivity, encryption,

location, and web services •  Based on proven, widely-deployed

technology

Flexible, long-life services •  Extend system life via remote software

update preserving system integrity and certification

•  Cross-platform, modular applications •  Distributed processing through Java end to

end

Best-in-class tool chain •  Java ME SDK tools and emulation •  Netbeans IDE support •  Live, Java-level debugging on device

Oracle Java ME Embedded High-performance Java runtime for small embedded


Oracle Java ME Embedded 8 Stack A rich, flexible, portable embedded software platform

Legend: Oracle Unique Features

3rd Party Components Hardware (*) : Modifiable Components

CLDC 8 + Virtual Machine (JSR 360)

OEM Extension APIs *

Porting Layer *

Additional platform port(s) Win32 Emulation port * Reference Board ports *

GPIO SPI Network Serial

Advanced Tooling & Debugging

File I2C GPS ...

Embedded Application(s)

System Configuration

...

Device Operating System

Java ME SDK 8 Test, Emulate

NetBeans IDE Develop, Deploy,

Debug

Porting

Integration

Specialization

Device I/O API

Web Services JSR 172

File I/O JSR 75

XML JSR 280

Security & Trust JSR 177 subset

Messaging JSR 120

Location JSR 179

Robust Multi-tasking

Standardized Components

HTTP Client API

System Configuration API

MEEP 8 (JSR 361) Advanced Security

Enhanced Connectivity

Footprint Scalability

JSON API

OAuth 2.0 API


Included JSRs & APIs

API Description JSR 075 File I/O: Access to on-board file system(s) (SD card, etc)

JSR 120 Wireless Messaging 1.0: Send/receive SMS messages

JSR 172 Web Services: Basic XML processing, RPC, WSDL, SOAP

JSR 177 Security and Trust Services: Crypto

JSR 177 Security and Trust Services: APDU

JSR 179 Location: Access to location information

JSR 280 Enhanced XML processing, building on JSR 172

Device I/O Access to peripheral devices and hardware

JSON JSON processing

HTTP Client Advanced HTTP connections

OAuth 2.0 Industry-standard authentication protocol

System Configuration Read/write system configuration parameters

Rich API functionality for embedded solutions

Note: Not all JSRs are available on all platform (due to hardware limitations)


Dedicated Embedded Features

Feature Description Software Managent (SWM) API Remote app management (install, start, update, etc.)

SWM lifecycle notifications Application monitoring (e.g. errors, termination)

Robust software execution Application execution in resource-managed containers

Application autostart/auto-restart Autostart or restart applications

Device I/O API Enhanced access to peripherals from Java apps

AccessPoint API / Cellular API Support for multiple communication channels

Memory Monitor Monitor memory usage during development

Network Monitor Monitor network traffic during development

Headless On-Device Debug (ODD) Full source-level Java debugging

VM Configurator Remote configuration of VM

OEM Extensibility Product specialization through extension mechanism

Build Configuration Options Configure feature/footprint optimization for target use case


Comparing Java ME Embedded 8 to 3.x Java ME Embedded 8 Feature Benefit over Java ME Embedded 3.3/3.4

Java SE 8 alignment Unified development model - leverage Java SE 8 language, API, and virtual machine features for more efficient and highly portable code

Java ME 8 features Leverage the features of the Java ME 8 standard: •  Enhanced service-enabled application platform •  Increased software modularization and re-use •  Enhanced software provisioning and management •  Platform footprint optimization with “Right-Sizing” •  Enhanced and expanded security model

Updated security services Latest standards for secure connectivity and encryption, such as TLS 1.2 and ECC

Enhanced connectivity Advanced cellular connectivity and improved networking functionality enables more flexible and intelligent connectivity

New value-add APIs RESTful web services and more

Improved platform portability, scalability and configurability

Enables easier porting, configuration, and footprint tuning of platform to address a wider range of devices and use cases

Improved tooling Alignment with Java SE development tools and flow and new and improved tooling functionality for more efficient development


l  To Be Completed

Lower Costs with Oracle Java ME Embedded

Feature Cost Savings for Embedded System Productive and secure application platform Reduced development time and deployment costs

Pre-integrated, pre-tested runtime Reduced integration and testing costs

Cross-platform software Optimize hardware platform without software dependencies

Built-in features to support embedded use cases Reduced need to license 3rd party components

Local processing and business logic Lower data transmission and processing costs

Reduce hardware BOM costs Eliminate bulky operating systems and reduce system requirements

Java ecosystem expertise, tools, code Leverage ecosystem for quicker time to market


ME 8 GA Release Platform Support Platform Description Availability Emulation runtime for Windows 7

Complete product implementation for development on Windows desktops •  Java ME Embedded runtime emulation •  including I/O emulation and tooling

•  Bundled with Java ME SDK 8 •  Free download from Oracle

Technology Network (OTN) for evaluation

•  OJPI source (Windows)

ARM11 on Linux Complete, ready-to-run implementation for Raspberry Pi (Model B) developer platform on Linux Debian Wheezy

•  Free download from Oracle Technology Network (OTN) for evaluation

•  Commercial binary •  OJPI source (Linux/ARM)

ARM9 on Brew MP Complete, ready-to-run implementation for Qualcomm IoE developer platform on BrewMP •  Including advanced wireless connectvity

•  Free download from Oracle Technology Network (OTN) for evaluation

•  Commercial binary •  OJPI source (BrewMP/ARM)


Additional Platform Support Platform Description Availability Additional standard platforms •  Oracle standard products for additional

platforms, such as ARM Cortex-M3/4 •  Stay tuned

Other platforms •  Other chip architectures •  Other operating systems •  Specialized features, hardware support,

etc.

•  Available from Oracle as engineering services projects

•  Check with Oracle partners


Conclusion & Resources


Conclusion

Aspect Benefit

Modern Embedded Software Platform

•  Java SE alignment enables unified ecosystem for Java Embedded expertise, reuse, and resources

•  Modular software system and enhanced manageability accelerates time-to-market and extends product value at reduced cost/risk

•  Enhanced and more flexible security model allows deployment-specific security infrastructure

Increased Market Reach •  Platform “right-sizing” allows to address wide range of use cases and target markets with a single software model, from low-footprint devices to more powerful systems

Open, based on standards, interoperable

•  Avoid vendor lock-in •  Participate in and benefit from technology innovation •  Integratable with many industry standards

Java ME 8: The Platform for the Internet of Things


Java ME 8: Learn More

•  Download Java ME 8 Early Access -  oracle.com/technetwork/java/embedded/overview/javame/index.html

•  Documentation for Java ME 8 –  http://docs.oracle.com/javame/embedded/embedded.html

(see top of page for ME 8 content)

•  Java 8 Central: -  www.oracle.com/java8

•  Follow me -  Blog: terrencebarr.wordpress.com -  Twitter: @terrencebarr

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blogs.oracle.com.com/java

Facebook.com/ilovejava

@java @javaembedded

Nighthacking.com


Safe Harbor Statement

The preceding is intended to outline our general product direction. It is intended for information purposes only, and may not be incorporated into any contract. It is not a commitment to deliver any material, code, or functionality, and should not be relied upon in making purchasing decisions. The development, release, and timing of any features or functionality described for Oracle’s products remains at the sole discretion of Oracle.

Java Micro Edition (ME) 8 Deep Dive Mar 28, 2014

Terrence Barr Senior Technologist & Principal Product Manager Java Embedded and Internet of Things Oracle

