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Chemical Bonds:Chemical Bonds:Ionic BondingIonic Bonding
Parts 4.2 & 4.3Parts 4.2 & 4.3
Goal 1Goal 1
Understand the Understand the basisbasis of of and describe the and describe the
characteristicscharacteristics of of ionicionic bondingbonding
Why bond?Why bond?
Full outer shellFull outer shell
Valence electronsValence electrons
Full outer shellFull outer shell
H H 2 e- 2 e-
All others All others 8 e- 8 e-
Happy!Happy!
Recall Ion formationRecall Ion formation
Gain or loss of electronGain or loss of electron
Gain electron = “-” chargeGain electron = “-” charge
Lose electron = “+” chargeLose electron = “+” charge
Characteristics of Ionic BondsCharacteristics of Ionic Bonds
MetalMetal bonded with bonded with nonmetalnonmetal
Forms “ionic compounds” aka “salts”Forms “ionic compounds” aka “salts”
****TRANSFERTRANSFER**** electrons electrons
Metals Give (+ charge)Metals Give (+ charge)
Non-metals Receive (- charge)Non-metals Receive (- charge)
Conducts electricity Conducts electricity onlyonly
In solutionIn solution
As liquidAs liquid
Because of electron movementBecause of electron movement
Goal 2Goal 2
Determine the chemical Determine the chemical formula of an ionic formula of an ionic
compound by using the compound by using the charge on each ion charge on each ion
MetalsMetals give away electrons give away electrons (+ charge)(+ charge)
Recall how to determine charge…Recall how to determine charge…
Group #Group #
Energy levelsEnergy levels
Li Li 1+ 1+
Mg Mg 2+ 2+
Ca Ca ___ ___
K K ___ ___
NonmetalsNonmetals receive electrons receive electrons ( - charge)( - charge)
Recall how to determine chargeRecall how to determine charge
8 electrons8 electrons
Group #Group #
Energy levelEnergy level
F F 1- 1-
O O 2- 2-
P P ___ ___
Br Br ___ ___
Ionic compounds strive for Ionic compounds strive for combined combined neutral (0)neutral (0) charge charge Neutral charge = 0 chargeNeutral charge = 0 charge Combined ions = 0 chargeCombined ions = 0 charge
Sum of charges must = 0Sum of charges must = 0
Try it…Try it… Na Na 1+ 1+ Cl Cl 1- 1- How many of each to = 0 charge?How many of each to = 0 charge?
NaNa1+1+ and Cl and Cl 1-1- = 0 charge = 0 charge
(The charges should add to 0)(The charges should add to 0)
One sodium ion + One chlorine ion = 0 One sodium ion + One chlorine ion = 0 chargecharge
Chemical formula isChemical formula is
NaClNaCl
That was fun!That was fun!
Let’s try it again!!Let’s try it again!!
Mg Mg 2+ 2+ Cl Cl 1- 1- How many of each to = 0 charge?How many of each to = 0 charge?
MgMg2+2+ and Cl and Cl 1-1- = 1+ charge = 1+ charge (2) + (-1) = 1(2) + (-1) = 1
Uh Oh!!!Uh Oh!!!
One Magnesium ion + One chlorine ion = 1+One Magnesium ion + One chlorine ion = 1+
MgMg2+2+ and and ClCl 1-1- and and ClCl 1-1- = = 00 charge charge2 + (1-) + (1-) = 02 + (1-) + (1-) = 0
For every For every one magnesiumone magnesium ion, we ion, we need need two chlorinetwo chlorine ions ions
Chemical Formula Chemical Formula
MgClMgCl22
Your turn…Your turn…
What is the chemical formula for an What is the chemical formula for an ionic compound of ionic compound of
potassiumpotassium
and and
sulfursulfur??
KK22SS
Were you correct?Were you correct?
Try some moreTry some more
Sodium and PhosphorusSodium and Phosphorus
Lithium and NitrogenLithium and Nitrogen
Strontium and BromineStrontium and Bromine
Ask Ms. Acker about theAsk Ms. Acker about the
Criss - CrossCriss - Cross
Goal 3Goal 3
Name ionic compoundsName ionic compounds
Step one:Step one: Say the metalSay the metal
Step two:Step two: Say the nonmetal with an “ ide” endingSay the nonmetal with an “ ide” ending
NaCl = Sodium ChlorNaCl = Sodium Chlorideide
KCl = Potassium ChlorKCl = Potassium Chlorideide
MgClMgCl2 2 = Magnesium Chlor= Magnesium Chlorideide
KF = _________________KF = _________________
LiLi22S = __________________S = __________________
______= Beryllium Sulf______= Beryllium Sulfideide
____ = Sodium phosph____ = Sodium phosphideide
Goal 4Goal 4
Use electron dot Use electron dot structures to show ionic structures to show ionic
compound formationcompound formation
It’s all about the valence electronsIt’s all about the valence electrons Metals give (away extras)Metals give (away extras) Nonmetals receive (to fill outer shell)Nonmetals receive (to fill outer shell)
Ms. Acker will now show you on the boardMs. Acker will now show you on the board
Please take notePlease take note