INTRODUCTION

I. Introduction

A. Hook/Lead (multiple sentences):

B. Claim:

WHAT ARE YOU GOING TO

PROVE IN YOUR ESSAY?

Cause/Effect Essay Claim: The invention of the jukebox created a time in history when people didn’t have to pay for a live band and music became more accessible in public places.Description Essay Claim: The jukebox was an invention that changed history because of its design and sound, and easy access for people.

EXAMPLES:

Leads• News: who, what, when, where, why

– On November 23, the first jukebox was debuted in San Francisco. This invention led to our culture’s fascination with music selection.

• Anecdote: brief story on your subject– A family sat in a quiet diner one day in 1889 when in came

a huge lighted up box. They wondered what it was. When it was plugged in, the history of family meals was changed. They got to listen to music off of a jukebox.

• Quotation: gives authority and voice on the subject– When Elvis Presley wrote to a jukebox company about a

repair to his jukebox, they replied, “We feel that Elvis has done a wonderful job in bringing the jukebox business back to life with his great records.”

• Descriptive: sets the scene for the essay– With amplification, a single jukebox could for the first time

achieve the same kind of sound as a live band.

• Problem: Establishes the problem that will be solved in the essay– The amount of money a person needed to pay for a live band

was a problem for a lot of people; the solution came when the jukebox was invented.

• Question: involves the reader in the issue of the essay– Have you ever sat in a quiet dining hall wishing you could listen

to something other than your parents’ questions about your school day?

• Point of view: Establishes the position from which your reader will be shown the subject– Through several sources, we have determined the jukebox to be

an important invention in U.S. history.

• Historical: Places the story in a historical context– Sitting in a dance hall listening to a live band became a thing of

the past on November 23rd, 1889. Children were exposed to the jukebox and could listen to any music the large box had on it, from all of the great artists, in their own recorded voices.

SUBHEADING Outline FormatI. (type the topic of your subheading here)

A. (type your topic sentence for your paragraph here)

1. (type your first detail/example here)a) (type your explanation here for #1)

2. (type your second detail/example here)a) (type your explanation here for #2)

3. (type your conclusion sentence to this paragraph here)

B. (type topic sentence…) REPEAT THIS SECTION AS MANY TIMES AS NEEDED FOR YOUR INFORMATION IN YOUR SUBHEADING

REQUIREMENTS FOR YOUR SUBHEADING

• Has a large heading• Follows the structure your group determined• Follows traffic signal format• Includes a definition or two on a vocabulary word

in the text (not as a sidebar) (think Science textbooks)

• Includes details from your research or anchor book (quotation, fact, statistics) WITH citation

• Uses precise language to inform about the topic (no graveyard words, vocabulary fits your topic)

• Uses transition words to move from one idea to another

Definitions WITHIN the Text• Just like a science or social studies textbook, your

writing should have a definition to go with a vocabulary word WITHIN the writing of your paper (not as a sidebar or key/guide words)

• EXAMPLE – can you find the definition within the text?

Jane Goodall has spent countless hours among the chimpanzees—quietly following them, taking notes, and carefully observing. Observing means using one or more of your senses to gather information. Your senses include sight, hearing, touch, taste, and smell. By using her senses, Jane learned what chimpanzees eat, what sounds they make, and even what games they play.

How to include a citation in your text

• Set up the quote (don’t just have the quote as a sentence by itself)– When Elvis Presley wrote to a jukebox company about a

repair to his jukebox, they replied, “We feel that Elvis has done a wonderful job in bringing the jukebox business back to life with his great records.”

• At the end of the sentence, include the source BEFORE THE PERIOD – If author is known: (author page#) – (Sammons 2).– No author: (title of article page#) – (“Elvis Australia” 2).

• What it should officially look like:– When Elvis Presley wrote to a jukebox company about a

repair to his jukebox, they replied, “We feel that Elvis has done a wonderful job in bringing the jukebox business back to life with his great records” (Sammons 2).

Transition Words

• Move your topic from one idea to the next and uses precise vocabulary to fit the structure

• In contrast• Similarly• Further• Also• In other words• However• On the other hand• Above all• More importantly• Although• Likewise• In order to

• To begin with• First• Second• Next • Lastly• Finally • Eventually• As a result• Because of• Consequently• To sum up• Given these points