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How to Use CSS3 in WordPress
WordCamp Toronto 2015
by
Suzette Franck
Who I AmHTML and CSS teacher for Girl Develop It, Los Angeles Chapter
Freelancing Front End Developer
Born in Hollywood, Resides in S. California
Over 20 Years Coding & Web Development
Developed Over 300 WordPress Sites
Spoken at 25 WordCamps US & Canada
Regular Contributor: WPwatercooler.com
Hobbies: Crocheting & Adult Coloring Books
Twitter: suzette_franck
My GoalTeach you at least one thing that you didn’t know before that will change how you work forever
What We Will Cover?
What is CSS/CSS3?
Using CSS in WordPress
CSS Resources
What is CSS/CSS3?
CSS/CSS3 BasicsCascading Style Sheet language written in plain text
Used with HTML to give style/design to HTML elements
CSS3 is he latest evolution of CSS, which is meant to extend CSS 2.1, the previous version
CSS3 is backwards compatible with all versions of CSS
In WordPress, CSS code is most often put in a style.css plain text file in the starter, parent, or child theme folder in wp-content
Most themes have an “Edit CSS” option, or you can install a plugin to add your own CSS.
Example of CSS Code
Terminology & Basic CSS Syntax
CSS TerminologySyntax refers to the proper format with punctuation for a line of code
Selectors select the HTML element to be styled and is placed on the left side of curly braces, which surround the style declarations
Each declaration includes one property: value(s); pair
Spaces and tabs are ignored in CSS, use often and generously for easy reading!
p { background-color: black; color: red; font-size: 1.5em; }
CSS Syntax
h1 { color: deeppink; font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold; }
selector { property: value; }
CSS Properties
browse http://www.w3schools.com/cssref/
or google it
CSS Commentsp { color: #FF0000; /* red */ /* This is a single-line comment */ text-align: center; }
/* ——————-This is a xxxxxxxx multi-line xxxxxxxx comment ————- */
CSS SpecificityMore specific overrides less specific
IDs override classes
Inline CSS overrides IDs
!important used at the end of a declaration overrides Inline CSS
Closest rule or declaration beats out remote declarations
http://www.smashingmagazine.com/2007/07/css-specificity-things-you-should-know/
CSS Specificity Quiz
a { color: aqua; } ul { color: deeppink; } .warning { color: red; } #mainNav { color: yellow; } <ul class=“warning” id=“mainNav”> <li><a href=“/“>Home</a></li> </ul>
What color is the “Home” text based on below styles?
CSS Specificity Quiz
a { color: aqua; } ul { color: deeppink; } .warning { color: red; } #mainNav { color: yellow; } <ul class=“warning” id=“mainNav”> <li><a href=“/“>Home</a></li> </ul>
What color is the “Home” text based on below styles?
CSS Specificity Quiz
a { color: aqua; } ul { color: deeppink; } .warning { color: red; } #mainNav { color: yellow; } <ul class=“warning” id=“mainNav”> <li><a href=“/“>Home</a></li> </ul>
Bonus: what color is the bullet?
Inspecting CSS
Inspecting CSS w/Chrome
View > Developer > Developer Toolsor right-mouse click on the page > Inspect Element
Inspecting CSS w/Chrome
New CSS3 Modules
New CSS3 ModulesColors & Transparency
CSS Gradients
Border Radius (Rounded Corners)
Box Shadow & Text Shadow
Transformations and Animations
Web Fonts @font-face
Media Queries (Responsive Design)
CSS3 ColorsCSS2: 17 Color Names / CSS3: 140 Color Names
http://www.w3schools.com/cssref/css_colornames.asp
New Alpha on Reg-Green-Blue Values
rgba( 255, 0, 0, 0.5 );
Specify Hue, Saturation, Lightness, alone or with Alpha Values
hsla( 120, 100%, 50%, 0.5 );
Opacity Property (0 transparent 1 opaque)
http://www.w3schools.com/cssref/css_colors_legal.asp
CSS3 Colors
CSS3 Gradients
.fancy { background: -webkit-linear-gradient(red, green, blue); /* For Safari 5.1 to 6.0 */ background: -o-linear-gradient(red, green, blue); /* For Opera 11.1 to 12.0 */ background: -moz-linear-gradient(red, green, blue); /* For Firefox 3.6 to 15 */ background: linear-gradient(red, green, blue); /* Standard syntax */ }
http://www.w3schools.com/css/css3_gradients.asp
CSS3 Gradients http://www.colorzilla.com/gradient-editor/
border-radiusAccepts px or %
Don’t forget to add vendor prefixes!
.rounded { border-top-left-radius: 5px; border-top-right-radius: 10px; border-bottom-right-radius: 20px; border-bottom-left-radius: 15px; }
or use the shorthand: .rounded { border-radius: 5px 10px 20px 15px; }
border-radiushttp://border-radius.com/
Using CSS3 in WordPress
Where Do You Put CSS in WordPress?Installed Theme’s Custom CSS Option
Jetpack’s “Edit CSS” Module (my favorite)
Simple Custom CSS Plugin (if not using Jetpack)
Page/Post editor via Inline Styles
Child Theme’s style.css file
Starter Theme’s style.css file
Jetpack’s Edit CSS ModuleOnce activated, go to Appearance > Edit CSS
Simple Custom CSSOnce activated, go to Appearance > Custom
Inline CSS in EditorAdd style attribute to opening tag in Text view
<p style=“property: value; property: value;”>
Considered hacky/janky/ bad practice, but works in a fix!
Child Theme’s style.cssChild Themes inherit Parent Theme’s functionality
Modifications not overwritten when Parent Theme updates
Best method for extensive modifications
More info on creating Child Themes on the Codex: https://codex.wordpress.org/Child_Themes
Child Theme Plugins (Orbisius, One-click, Configurator)
Starter Theme’s style.cssStarter Themes include basic theme files
Make your own custom theme from them
Where Do You Not Put CSS?Linked to a stylesheet in the header.php (use wp_enqueue)
Using the native WordPress Theme Editor to edit style.css directly ( No undo or version history! )
CSS Resources
CSS Resourceshttp://www.csszengarden.com/
http://www.w3schools.com/css/css3_intro.asp
https://css-tricks.com/+ https://css-tricks.com/almanac
http://girldevelopit.com Take an HTML/CSS class
Q & A
Any Questions?
Thank you for being here!
Suzette Franck Twitter: @suzette_franck
linkedin & speakerdeck & slideshare