Tissues

picture Group of cells in structure and function

Four types of tissues

Nervous, connective, epithelial

Epithelial Tissues

picture Composed almost entirely

of cells Widespread throughout the

body Lines body cavities and

hollow organs, and major tissues in gland

different numbers of layers

Simple epithelial , stratified epithelial

Simple Epithelial

pict One cell layer thick subdivided according

to the shape and function of its cells.

Simple Squamous, simple cubodial, simple columnar

Simple Squamous

Thin & flat Functions in diffusion

& filtration Provides a slick friction

Simple Cubodial, Simple columnar

Simple Cubodial

Single layer of cube-like cells with large spherical central nuclei

Functions in secretion & absorption

Simple Columnar, Simple squamous

Simple Columnar

Single layers of tall cells with oral nuclei; many contain nuclei

Celia helps move substances through passageway

Lines digestive tract & gallbladder

Simple Cubodial, Simple Squamous

Pseudostratified columnar

Single layer of cells with different heights

Present in male sperms

The nuclei is at different layers with in the tissues

Simple Squamous, Simple Cubodial, simple columnar

Stratified Epithelial

pict Consists of multiple layers of cells

Classified into shape Many cells in thickness

Squamous, cubodial, columnar, transitional

Stratified squamous

Thick membrane, of several layers of cells

Forms external layer of skin epidermis

cubodial, columnar, transitional

Stratified Cubodial

Two cell layers thick Found in the sweat

glands

Squamous, columnar, transitional,

Stratified Columnar

Found in the pharynx, male urethra

Occurs at transitional areas

Squamous, cubodial, transitional

Transitional Stratified

consists of multiple layers of epithelial cells which can contract and expand.

Squamous, columnar, cubodial

Connective Tissue

Found throughout the body

Binds, protects, insulates, transports

Bone, blood, connective tissue proper, cartilage

Bone

Hard & help support, protect & provide levers

Has a calcified matrix with collagen fibers

Stores calcium, minerals and fats

Blood

Found with in blood vessels

White blood cells in the matrix (plasma)

Proper Connective

consists of cells and extracellular matrix

Two main groups; dense & loose

Loose, dense

Connective Tissue Proper: Loose

There are three types

Areolar, reticular, adipose

Areolar

3 connective tissue fibers

Wraps & cushions organs

Distributed throughout the body

reticular, adipose

Reticular

Cells lie in a fiber network Forms a soft internal

skeleton; that supports cell types

Found in lymph nodes, bone marrow & the spleen

Areolar, Adipose

Adipose

Closely packed adipocytes

Reserves food, protects & insulates against heat loss

areolar, reticular

Connective tissue proper: Dense

Collagen fibers are its main matrix element

Has rows of fibroblasts Makes the lower layers

of skin

Regular, irregular

Dense regular

Parallel collagen fibers w/ some elastic fibers

Attaches, muscle to bone; muscle to muscle; bone to bone

Found in tendons, ligaments & aponeuroses

Dense irregular Irregularly arranged

collagen fibers with some elastic fibers

Major cell type is fibroblasts

Structural strength

regular

Cartilage

Is a Type of dense & connective tissues

Avascular (contains no blood vessels)

Fibrocartilage, elastic, hyaline

Hyaline

Network of collagen fibers

Supports, reinforces, cushions, resists compression

Fibrocartilage, elastic,

Fibrocartilage

Absorbs compression shock

Thick collagen fibers Found in intervertabral

discs, pubis symphysis & discs of the knee joint

elastic, hyaline

Elastic

Maintains shape & structure with flexibility

Supports external ear & the epiglottis

Fibrocartilage, hyaline

Muscle Tissue 3 kinds; skeletal,

cardiac, & smooth has the ability to

contract and the ability to conduct electrical impulses.

Skeletal, cardiac, smooth

Skeletal muscle

Long cylindrical, multinucleate cell with obvious striations attach to bones or skin

Initiates & controls voluntary movement

cardiac, smooth

Cardiac muscle

Found only in the heart Propels blood into the

blood vessels

Skeletal, smooth

Smooth Muscle

In the walls of hallow organs

Propels substances along internal passageways

Skeletal, cardiac,

Nervous Found in the brain, spinal

cord, and nerves Coordinates & controls

body activities Communicates by way of

electrical nerve impulses

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