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Performing Oracle Health
Checks using APEX
Tools to Keep Your Database Humming
Presented by Chuck Ezell, Senior
Applications Tuner, Datavail
Datavail is the largest provider of remote database
administration in the U.S. with nearly 400 DBAs, 24/7 support
and onsite/offsite, onshore/offshore delivery.
Agenda
• Long Live The Reactive
• Proactive Health Checking
• Common Performance Problems
• Finding An Approach That Works
• Frequency, Consistency &
Correlation: The Key
• APEX Applied To Solve The Problem
Long Live The Reactive
Source: Causes of Failure in Web Applications, Soila Pertet and Priya Narasimhan
December 2005, Parallel Data Laboratory Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213-3890
• “…into 2015 and beyond 80% of outages
impacting mission critical services will be caused
by people and process issues.
• More than 50% will be caused by change,
configuration, release integration and hand-off
issues.”
• Although 75% of the overall system problems are
often caused by 25% of the activity, there are
rarely “silver bullets” that provide the solution to
problems. Ultimately, tuning is a people and
process problem as well as the solution.
Thinking Proactively
“Every defect is a treasure, if the company can
uncover its cause and work to prevent it across the
corporation.” -Kilchiro Toyoda, founder of Toyota
“In an emergency, you rarely get one consistent
piece of advice. You usually have two or three
people with two or three different ideas. So you want
to have your own set of thoughts.-Rudy Giuliani, Former Mayor NYC
Reactive vs Proactive• Many approaches are from hardware/
architecture perspective or deal with daily
peripheral issues and monitoring.
• Many tools/approaches are thoughtfully created
to help us deal with reactive situations.
• What works in reactive situations often applies
when proactively planning (both cases are
mitigating.)
• We should go beyond “preparedness” and
“emergency response.”
• Proactivity is more than just “having a plan.”
Getting Ahead Of The Curve
Proactivity is having a plan
with a consistent baseline approach
that is a documented, repeatable process
focusing on results
and reducing or preventing downtime.
Finding An Approach That Works
• Think comprehensively; not “spot check”
isolated areas.
• There are rarely “silver bullets” that can be
located and found at the high level (or low
level for that matter) that can, at the turn of a
knob, fix all the problems.
• Problems develop over time it follows that
fixing these problems require a measured
approach to tuning the system back to a
healthy state.
Best Practices• Become familiar with Oracle Recommendations.
• Data is so inter-woven, making corrections in one place affects
performance in others.
• For Example: Adding indexes can speed select performance
but it can slow DML or tuning one SQL statement can fix a
portion of a Concurrent Request or a single report but slow stats
job.
• It’s a “spotty” approach to fixing one problem today and
tomorrow you’ll have 10 more like it.
• Go beyond single SQL statements and parameter tweaks.
Baseline Your
Environment First
Common Performance Problems
“What are the Top 3 performance issues that
you encounter with your RDBMS database?” – Stack Exchange User
The 5S Approach
1. SQL Code
2. Statistics
3. Segmentation
4. Sessions
5. Scheduled
Processes
Is Proactive
Beyond the 5S Approach1. Drive Speeds
2. OS Parameters
3. Application Details (e.g. JVM
Sizing, Background Processes)
4. DB Parameters
5. Instance Details (e.g. SGA, DB
Version Features)
6. Table Space Naming
7. Redo/Undo Log Sizing &
Frequency
8. I/O Waits
9. Snapshot & AWR Retention
Tools for Insight: Bridging the Gap
• We need a tool that reflects the
proactive mindset and approach we
should take.
• The 5S Approach to Health Checks is a
great way to mitigate issues before they
occur.
The only “best practice” you
should be using all the time
is “Use Your Brain”. – Tom Kyte
Moving Beyond an IdeaologyCorrelating details we’ve captured to proactively
manage the SQL execution and improve performance.
• Duplicate SQL Statements (reduce dups)
• Isolate bottlenecks in v$sql_plan table (cardinality, full table scan, index skip scans)
• Blocking Session & Waits by Objects
• High Clustering Factor on indexes
• Row Chaining by table• Package or Object change in -x days
• Review SQL History for multiple plan hashes indicative of unstable plans.
Plan SQL Tuning Tasks for DBAs
Creating a Tool
• LAMP, Splunk, Nagios, Java/JSP/Oracle, BI,
Excel
• The solution doesn’t have to be elegant
• We need Consistency, Frequency &
Correlation
• Everyone has APEX
• APEX is a platform for developing ideas
• APEX provides the rapid development &
convenience for creating a repository
Apex 4.2.6
APEX as a Solution• Development can be done by
broader team of capable developers (don’t have to know PLSQL)
• All the metadata and coding is stored in the database
• Just need a web browser with the Oracle DB (deployment, development & runtime)
• Application like (EBS, SAP, PeopleSoft, OEM etc) or standalone
• Can have it’s own schema, tables and can be tuned accordingly
• Unlimited applications with unlimited users can be built & deployed at no cost
• All charting tools already integrated
• Can be packaged & provided as a one-click install
• APEX is a No Cost Feature: If you have Oracle Maintenance Agreement you can get APEX support free at no additional cost
Apex 4.2.6
Gathering Details
• An approach to capturing data into APEX
– Decide what needs to be captured
– Decide frequency for each item
– Build Repository Tables
– Create Select(s) across DBLink to APEX Project
– Collect Data from Source
– Additional Details to Capture
• dbname or hostname (both?)
• capture timestampApex 4.2.6
What Do We Capture?
ASH Blocks by SQL ID
Duplicate SQL
Statements
Long Operations
V$SQL_PLAN activity
V$PROCESS details
V$SESSION details
Index Health by
Clustering Factor
Waits by Object
Waits by Session & SQL
Chained Rows
Example Script Library
Apex 4.2.6
Getting StartedCreating a dblink is the fastest way to get data in
using your scripts.
Apex 4.2.6
Getting Started: Create TablesBuild repository using create table method to save
time “create table as select”
Apex 4.2.6
Getting Started: Keep it Fresh
• Setup schedule to update repository
Apex 4.2.6
Getting Started: Keep it Fresh
• Setup schedule to update repository
Apex 4.2.6
APEX Reporting: Correlations
Apex 4.2.6
Problem SQL from Object Perspective
• SQL from v$sql activity (long running)
• Look in v$plan table for FTS & High Cardinality
• Limit by SQL ID in Locks & Waits
• Limit further by Long Operations
APEX Reporting: Simple Visuals
Apex 4.2.6
Problem SQL from Elapsed Time
• Long running SQL from v$sql activity
• Look in v$plan table for FTS & High Cardinality
• Limit by SQL ID in Locks & Waits
• Limit further by Long Operations
APEX Reporting: Simple Visuals
Apex 4.2.6
Problem Objects / Segmentation
• Start with table objects and index clustering
factors.
• Compare to Objects found in Locks
• Compare to Objects found in Row Chains
• Compare to high cardinality SQL in v$sql_plan
Solution for the Enterprise
How would we use this product for establishing
consistency across an enterprise where there are
multiple Oracle databases?
Apex 4.2.6
What, Why & How OftenProactivity is having a plan with a consistent baseline
approach that is a documented, repeatable process,
focusing on results and reducing or preventing downtime.
• Full Assessments (130+ Points)
• Monthly Reviews
• Weekly/Daily/Hourly
Frequency &
Consistency
Thinking Proactively
“Every defect is a treasure, if the company can
uncover its cause and work to prevent it across the
corporation.” - Kilchiro Toyoda, founder of Toyota
“In an emergency, you rarely get one consistent
piece of advice. You usually have two or three
people with two or three different ideas. So you want
to have your own set of thoughts.-Rudy Giuliani, Former Mayor NYC
Good Luck Treasure Hunting!
Questions & Resources
?
Download these resources at
www.Datavail.com
White Paper: The 5S Approach to Improving
Database Performance
Blog: Selecting Application Code Profiling
Tools
Webinar: Building a Database Monitoring
Tool Using Splunk.
Performance Monitoring & Profiling
Application CodeChuck Ezell [email protected]
866-828-7843
