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Presentation given to the Geography 571: Geography of Genocide and Geography 526: Remote Sensing of the Environment I class at the University of Kansas on 22 March 2010
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GIS 2.0: Impacts on Humanitarian Affairs and Genocide Studies
Joshua S. Campbell – 22 March 2010
Guest Lecture: Geography 571 – Geography and Genocide
Biography PhD Candidate
GIS 2.0: Definition, Implications for Humanitarian Information Management, Disruptive Strategy for Implementation
Built the Cyberinfrastructure system at KARS/KBS 4th year of the project Web mapping core, metadata portal, dynamic
HTML redesign
Humanitarian Intelligence Analyst Humanitarian Information Unit (HIU), U.S.
Department of State
Open Street Map – Haiti Edits Video
http://vimeo.com/9182869
What is Web 2.0?
“a transformative force that’s compelling companies across all industries towards a new way of doing business characterized by harnessing collective intelligence, openness, and network effects”
--Tim O’Reilly
What is a GIS?
A digital representation of the earth, structured to support analysis (Dobson, 2007)
Automated systems for the collection, storage, retrieval, analysis, and display of spatial data (Clarke, 1995)
Should also include dissemination
Composed on software, hardware, and people
GIS 2.0: A Reformulation
Free and Open Source Software
Web 2.0 philosophy collective intelligence, network effects, openness Internet as a platform
Open Standards Interoperability
GIS 2.0: A Reformulation
Ubiquitous communication Widespread wired and wireless networks (voice
and data)
Device convergence Mobile devices increasing in power and
functionality Phone, camera, GPS, form-based database input,
cellular, wifi
Cloud computing SaaS, PaaS, IaaS Network-driven commoditization of IT
Swift River – Crowdsource the filter
Review: GIScience and Genocide (Madden and
Ross)
Integrating qualitative and quantitative methods
Critical GIS: Debate within Geography
Utility of high-resolution satellite imagery
Ability to ‘scale’ the data from personal narrative to landscape
Virtual Globes as a medium for communication
Ease of use – Simplified GIS tools
Review: 8 Stages of Genocide (Stanton)
The eight stages of genocide are:
1. Classification 2. Symbolization 3. Dehumanization 4. Organization 5. Polarization 6. Preparation 7. Extermination 8. Denial
Utility of GIScience
The World is Watching
Darfur – U.S. Declares Genocide (9-Sept-2004)
Google Earth Demo…..
Conclusion Long-term trend:
The importance of GIScience in humanitarian affairs and genocide studies will continue to increase
Evidence: Darfur (high-resolution satellite imagery) Haiti (Ushahidi and Crisis Mappers) Iran (Twitter)
GIS 2.0 provides the framework for harmonizing the qualitative / quantitative divide in Geography