GENDER AS A CAUSE OF WEALTH

INEQUALITY

What we will cover:

- Evidence of gender inequalities

- Reasons why these inequalities exist

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EVIDENCE OF GENDER INEQUALITIES

22% MPs are women

33% MSPs are women

More girls than boys achieve 5

or more Highers and 1st class degrees

Women currently spend 2x as much time on housework and childcare as men

Women earn around 80% of a males salary

11% of FTSE 100

directorships are held by

women

Female graduates earn 15% less than

their male counterparts

FACT: WOMEN ARE MORE LIKELY TO LIVE IN POVERTY THAN MEN

Women earn, on average, less than men

Women are 14% more likely than men to live in households with low incomes

Most lone parents are women Most pensioners are women Women have a traditional role as the

carer Women are more dependant upon

benefits Women experience a ‘glass ceiling’

when it comes to career progression.

WHY?

Low Pay and Gender• Women far more likely to be in

low paid jobs than men. • Role as carer prevents them

from perusing a career and often leads to part time and low paid work.

• The average income for a women is around £75 per week less than a man.

• The lowest paid sector ‘Public Sector’ (sales, health care, hotel and restaurant work, cleaning) comprises of 80% women. 5 C’s.

The rate of narrowing of the gender

pay gap predicts that it will take

over 50 years for

female pay to be equal to male.

THE GLASS CEILING

THE GLASS CEILING

•Term used to describe an ‘invisible’ barrier that prevents women from rising the top of their chosen career.

•Has been progress but women are still poorly represented at the top levels of management and decision making in the UK (3%executive directors, 7% high court judges) .

•Women are concentrated in particular areas of the workforce (79% of admin and secretarial jobs are done by women) which tend to be low paid.

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CAREER BREAKS AND DISCRIMINATION Career breaks mean that women may

lose ground that is hard to make up. On return, skills may be outdated and

they may have missed valuable experience that male colleagues may have gained.

Alongside this, women may be discriminated against as men dominate the higher ranks of employment.

Few role models. Negative idea of women in control?

Sex and Power Report (2011) – Charts women’s

progress in top jobs in public and private

sectors.

While women make progress in some sectors,

that progress regularly stalls or even reverses in

others.

Have things improved?

Its not all bad news…

• Flexible working hours are allowing more women to remain working after having children.

• More women attending further and higher education.

• Gender pay gap has narrowed and many women in powerful positions.

Norma Graham, Scotland's first female Chief Constable.

Eilish Angiolini, the Lord Advocate for Scotland.

Susan Rice, Chief Executive of Lloyds TSB Scotland