Definition: Fraction

A fraction is a part of a whole thing or a part of a group of

things

We use the symbol to represent

the shaded portion of the whole.

2

5

Number of parts that we are talking aboutNumber of parts that we are talking about

Total number of partsTotal number of parts

2

5

Write shaded area as fractionWrite shaded area as fraction

Write shaded area as fractionWrite shaded area as fraction

A fraction consists of two numerals A fraction consists of two numerals with a horizontal bar between them.with a horizontal bar between them.

The horizontal bar is called the The horizontal bar is called the fraction bar.fraction bar.

Terms of a fractionTerms of a fraction

The number above the fraction The number above the fraction bar is called the bar is called the numeratornumerator..

The number below the fraction The number below the fraction bar is called the bar is called the denominatordenominator..

a

b

Numerator Numerator

Denominator Denominator

Fraction barFraction bar

We write , and say “We write , and say “two-fifthstwo-fifths” ”

or or ““two over fivetwo over five””

2

5

If the numerator is less than the denominator is called a proper

fraction.

Proper fraction:

If the denominator is less than the numerator is called a

improper fraction.

Improper fraction:

A mixed number is the sum of a whole number and a proper

fraction.

Mixed number:

Divide the numerator by the denominator.

Writing an improper fraction as a mixed number

If there is a remainder, write the remainder over the original denominator.

Multiply the denominator of the fraction by the whole-number portion of the mixed number.

Writing a mixed number as an improper fraction

Add the numerator of the fraction to that product.

Write that sum over the original denominator to form the improper fraction.

Representing proper fractions on a Representing proper fractions on a number linenumber line

1. Divide the distance between zero and 1 into as many parts as the denominator of the proper fraction.

2. Start from zero, and move as many parts as the numerator to the right. The end point is the image point of the proper fraction.

Equivalent fractionsEquivalent fractions

Definition:

Fraction wihch have same value are called equivalent fractions.

Enlarging fractionsEnlarging fractions

Property:

The value of a fraction does not change when its numerator and denominator are both multiplied by the same non-zero number.

2 4 6 8 10...

3 6 9 12 15

Reducing fractionsReducing fractionsWriting a fraction in lowest term is called reducing the fraction.Property:

The value of a fraction does not change when its numerator and denominator are both divided by the same non-zero number.

10 10 5 2

15 15 5 3