DRINKING WATER SUPPLY DURING DROUGHT

Jayashree Muralidharan, I.A.S., District Collector, Tiruchirappalli District, Tamil Nadu.

TIRUCHIRAPPALLI DISTRICT • Tiruchirappalli District is

located centrally in Tamil

Nadu • Basically an agrarian district

with industrial growth

supported by the public

sector companies like BHEL,

HAPP, OFT and Railway

workshop• Tiruchirappalli is an

important Educational Hub• River Cauvery flows through

the district

TAMIL NADU

DISTRICT MAP

DISTRICT PROFILE

Administrative Units

Corporation 1

Municipalities 3

Town Panchayats 16

Taluks 9

Revenue Villages 507

Blocks 14

Village Panchayats 404

Habitations 2210

Area and Population

Area (Sq. Km.) 4,403.83

Population(2011 Census) 27,22,290

Male Population 13,52,284

Female Population 13,70,006

Rural Population 13,84,257

Urban Population 13,38,033

Density (Sq. Km.) 549

Literates 20,38,981

River Cauvery and River Kollidam are the main sources for drinking water in the delta areas. However, ground water is the major source for the other parts of the district

Average rainfall is 761.50 mm. During 2012, rain fall was only 578 mm and it was the worst year in the last 10 years

In the normal course, Mettur Dam (Cauvery Water) is released from 12th June to 28th January of succeeding year – 8 months

Due to very poor rainfall in the catchment areas, Mettur Dam was opened only on 17th Sep 2012 and closed again on 22nd December 2012 – 3 months

CAUVERY RIVER – STILL DRINKING WATER PROBLEM ?

Avg. Rain fall

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 upto July

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

761.5

906.290000000001

1311.63

689.62751.07

1074.82

653.99

893.11

764.23

578.16

65.92

Average Rain fall in mm Rain fall in mm

TIRUCHIRAPPALLI DISTRICT RAIN FALL (in mm)

Very poor rainfall coupled with parched Cauvery,

resulted in a drought situation since January, 2013

Drinking Water scarcity loomed large in 10 out of 14

Blocks

There was a sharp drop in water table throughout

the district as indicated by the table. In

Thathaiyangar Pettai Block, the water table

dropped from 430 feet to 820 feet during the

current year

DISTRICT AVERAGE BORE WELL DEPTH (in feet)

Block Category Average Depth of the Bore Wells

During 2012-13 (Drought year)

Depth of the Bore Wells

Manapparai OVER-EXPLOITED ( > 100 % ) 395 495

Vaiyampatti OVER-EXPLOITED ( > 100 % ) 365 525

Musiri OVER-EXPLOITED ( > 100 % ) 365 625

Thathayangarpet OVER-EXPLOITED ( > 100 % ) 430 820

Thottiyam OVER-EXPLOITED ( > 100 % ) 395 560

Manikandam OVER-EXPLOITED ( > 100 % ) 295 430

Thuraiyur OVER-EXPLOITED ( > 100 % ) 365 590

Uppiliyapuram OVER-EXPLOITED ( > 100 % ) 395 590

Mannachanallur OVER-EXPLOITED ( > 100 % ) 365 495

Andanallur SAFE (70%) 230 295

Thiruverumbur SAFE (70%) 295 430

Pullambadi SAFE (70%) 230 460

Marungapuri SEMI-CRITICAL ( 70-90%) 395 590

Lalgudi SEMI-CRITICAL ( 70-90%) 230 365

District Average Bore well Depth in Feet 340 520

Manap

parai

Musiri

Thottiya

m

Thurai

yur

Mannach

anall

ur

Thiru

veru

mbur

Marunga

puri

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

395365 365

430395

295

365395

365

230

295

230

395

230

495525

625

820

560

430

590 590

495

295

430460

590

365

DISTRICT AVERAGE BORE WELL DEPTH (in feet)

ANTICIPATING THE PROBLEM - ADVANCE ACTIONThe District Administration rose to the occasion and formulated a multi-pronged strategy , to avert the drinking water crisis

Ban on taking up any work other than then drinking water supply by the Village Panchayats, Panchayat Unions, District Panchayat, Town Panchayats and Municipalities was imposed since August, 2012 and enforced very strictly

Dovetailing funds from all schemes towards drinking water supply helped us to a great extent, without much external funding

Motivating the stakeholders, especially the elected representatives , to cooperate in the effort

WATER SUPPLY WORKS IMPLEMENTED INTIRUCHIRAPPALLI DISTRICT

Agency2011-12 & 2012-13

PHYSICAL FINANCIAL(Rs. In Lakhs)

Tiruchirappalli City Corporation 177 23681.21

Village Panchayats 2759 3898.96

Municipality and Town Panchyats 254 478.42

Tamil Nadu Water Supply and Drainage Board 669 3346.10

TOTAL 3859 31404.69

DOVETAILED FUNDS FROM VARIOUS SCHEMES

Funding Source / Scheme2011-12 & 2012-13

PHYSICAL FINANCIAL(Rs. In Lakhs)

General Fund 2108 3329.32

Water Supply Fund 761 25390.96THAI 440 710.40MLACDS 185 356.66MPLADS 70 112.73CSIDS 8 11.60SSS 11 43.50IGFF 59 104.30

SUB TOTAL 3642 30059.47EXTERNAL FUND

Integrated Urban Development Mission (IUDM) 8 505.00

Drought Relief Fund 209 840.22SUB TOTAL 217 1345.22

GRAND TOTAL 3859 31404.69

WATER SUPPLY WORKS

Deep Bore well in Cauvery River

Filling up water in PVC tank for public supply through lorries Ward 28 – Ariyamangalam

3859 works were taken up at a total cost of Rs.314.05 Crores to ensure adequate water supply in the district. (Of this 3682 works at a cost of 77.22 crores was taken up in the rural areas)

In Tirurchirappalli City Corporation

149 HDPE tanks were provided in various locations

10 lakh litres of drinking water supplied through 84 lorry trips daily

5 diesel Gensets were purchased for continuous pumping even at the time of power cut.

Water supply through HDPE Tank WARD 30 – GOLDENROCK

WATER SUPPLY WORKS

GENSET FOR PUMPING WATER DURING POWER CUT - PONMALAIPATTI

WATER SUPPLY WORKS

OHT MINI POWER PUMP INDIA MARK-II HAND PUMP

RURAL WATER SUPPLY WORKS

OHT TANK, SEKKANAM PANCHAYAT,

VAIYAMPATTI UNION

MINI POWER PUMPAYYAMPALAYAM PANCHAYAT,

MUSIRI UNION

WATER SUPPLY WORKS

Podhavur Panchayat, Manikandam Union

New Hand Pump

Mini Power Pump

WATER SUPPLY HELP LINE – 1077 (TOLL FREE )The District Administration setup a 24 X 7 toll free Water supply Helpline 1077 to redress the water woes of the public

Control Rooms were commissioned in the Collectorate and in all the local bodies

Any person from rural or urban area could inform 1077, through mobile or landline. Complaints were registered online and a complaint number was given

The problem was conveyed to the area officer concerned immediately through wireless

The official concerned had to attend to the complaint and give compliance within 24 hours

This was cross checked with the complainant and only after 100% redressal, the complaint was logged as closed

QUICK REDRESSAL

HELP LINE – 1077 (TOLL FREE )...

1077 – Awareness created through News Paper

Location No. of Complaints Received

No. of Complaints Rectified

Tiruchirappalli City Corporation 902 902

Village Panchayats 205 205

Municipalities 14 14

Town Panchayats 10 10

Total 1131 1131

Of the total No. of 1131 Complaints received, all were attended and water supply effected/restored within 24 hours.

ACTION TAKEN FOR IMPROVING WATER TABLE

To improve the water table which had gone down steeply, a massive farm pond scheme was implemented through MNREGS

A total of 1458 farm ponds were constructed at a cost of Rs.763.90 lakhs to provide adequate moisture to the parched soil and to stabilize the water table

723 tanks and 651 channels were desilted at a cost of Rs. 9852.16 lakhs

114 check dams were built at a cost of Rs. 444.75 lakhs, through the Agriculture Department

RAIN WATER HARVESTING STRUCTURE

Farm pond at Perugamani in Andanallur Union

RAIN WATER HARVESTING STRUCTURE …

Farm pond at Thiruparaithurai Panchayat

Check dam in Thathaiyangar Pettai

RAIN WATER HARVESTING STRUCTURE …

Check dam in Thottiyam

RAIN WATER HARVESTING STRUCTURE …

Thuvakudi Municipality - Rain Water Harvesting Pond

RAIN WATER HARVESTING STRUCTURE …

Based on the past experience on Rain Water Harvesting in 2003 under the leadership of the Hon’ble Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu, all Government Buildings including Housing Schemes have been provided with Rain Water Harvesting Structure

RAIN WATER HARVESTING STRUCTURE IN CHIEF MINISTER’S SOLAR POWERED GREEN HOUSE SCHEME – 2012 - 13

Mrs. Yashmin Beevi w/o Abdul Hameed, Ariyaur Panchayat

Community wells, a traditional source of drinking water, are not maintained and are in a dilapidated condition in most villages

460 defunct community wells were converted into Rain Water Harvesting structures and are being put to useSimilarly, defunct bore wells, were converted into rain water harvesting structures, so as to recharge and put them to use

Conversion of Defunct community wells / bore wells into Rain Water Harvesting Structures

BEFORE DURING

The defunct Community well at Kamalapuram Panchayat in Thottiyam Union

AFTER

RAIN WATER HARVESTING STRUCTURE …

BEFORE EXECUTION

The defunct Community well at Manakkal Panchayat, Lalgudi Union

AFTER EXECUTION

RAIN WATER HARVESTING STRUCTURE …

The defunct Panchayat Union well is being recharged by RWH structure with roof top rain water at Thottiyam Block office

RAIN WATER HARVESTING STRUCTURE …

Srinivasanallur Panchayat, Thottiyam Union

RWH structure of a defunct bore well

RAIN WATER HARVESTING STRUCTURE …

Integrated and holistic plan formulated by the district administration, anticipating the water crisis, coupled with expeditious implementation involving all the stakeholders, helped in overcoming the crisis

Law and order problems including road rokos, were averted

Appreciation from the public and in particular by the Government for the effective tackling of drinking water crisis

Thank You

WATER SUPPLY WORKS IMPLEMENTED BY TIRUCHIRAPPALLI CITY CORPORATION

Funding Source / Scheme2011-12 & 2012-13

PHYSICAL FINANCIAL(Rs. In Lakhs)

General Fund 139 869.96

Integrated Urban Development Mission (IUDM) 6 325.00

Drought Relief Fund 25 344.25

Water Supply Improvement Scheme (WSIS) 7 22142.00

TOTAL 177 23681.21

WATER SUPPLY WORKS IMPLEMENTED BY RURAL DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT

Funding Source / Scheme2011-12 & 2012-13

PHYSICAL FINANCIAL(Rs. In Lakhs)

General Funds- Village Pts. 1117 1360.79General Funds- Block Pts. 685 914.21THAI 440 710.40MLACDS 185 356.66MPLADS 70 112.73CSIDS 8 11.60SSS 11 43.50Drought Relief Fund 156 249.77NRDWP 28 35.00IGFF 59 104.30

TOTAL 2759 3898.96

WATER SUPPLY WORKS IMPLEMENTED BY MUNICIPALITIES AND TOWN PANCHAYATS

Funding Source / Scheme2011-12 & 2012-13

PHYSICAL FINANCIAL(Rs. In Lakhs)

General Fund 167 184.36

Drought Relief Fund 13 22.20

Water Supply Funds 72 91.86

Integrated Urban Development Mission (IUDM) 2 180.00

TOTAL 254 478.42

WATER SUPPLY WORKS IMPLEMENTED BY TWAD BOARD

Name of Scheme2011-12 & 2012-13

PHYSICAL FINANCIAL(Rs. In Lakhs)

IPP (Regular) 370 1473.20

Special Approval 46 42.35

Special Programme 235 1370.26

CWSS 3 236.29

Drought Relief works 15 224.00

TOTAL 669 3346.10

WATER SUPPLY WORKS IMPLEMENTED BY AGRICULTURAL DEPARTMENT

Name of the Scheme2011-12 & 2012-13

PHYSICAL FINANCIAL(Rs. In Lakhs)

Formation of Percolation Pond 96 38.40

Formation of Cattle Pond 52 52.00

Formation of Farm Pond 115 46.00

Formation of Village Pond 91 136.50

Formation of Sunken Pond 244 61.00Construction of Checkdam 78 78.00Construction of Surplus Weir 40 10.00Tank / Pond Renovation 18 18.00Channel Renovation 82 21.60

TOTAL 816 461.50

WATER LEVEL MONITORING FROM OBSERVATION WELLS (in feet)

Block CategoryAverage water Level

DepthDuring 2012-13 (Drought year)

level of water Depth

Manapparai OVER-EXPLOITED ( > 100 % ) 13.45 54.69

Vaiyampatti OVER-EXPLOITED ( > 100 % ) 8.42 47.56

Musiri OVER-EXPLOITED ( > 100 % ) 18.04 63.96

Thathayangarpet OVER-EXPLOITED ( > 100 % ) 37.88 99.49

Thottiyam OVER-EXPLOITED ( > 100 % ) 13.78 41.33

Manikandam OVER-EXPLOITED ( > 100 % ) 12.46 49.75

Thuraiyur OVER-EXPLOITED ( > 100 % ) 20.12 65.82

Uppiliyapuram OVER-EXPLOITED ( > 100 % ) 21.21 87.36

Mannachanallur OVER-EXPLOITED ( > 100 % ) 25.04 59.7

Andanallur SAFE (70%) 3.5 19.79

Thiruverumbur SAFE (70%) 4.37 25.58

Pullambadi SAFE (70%) 13.12 35.83

Marungapuri SEMI-CRITICAL ( 70-90%) 7.05 43.79

Lalgudi SEMI-CRITICAL ( 70-90%) 2.51 23.83

District Average Water level in Feet 14.35 51.32

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

13.45

8.42

18.04

37.88

13.78 12.46

20.12 21.2125.04

3.5 4.37

13.12

7.05

2.51

54.69

47.56

63.96

99.49

41.33

49.75

65.82

87.36

59.7

19.79

25.58

35.83

43.79

23.83

TIRUCHIRAPPALLI DISTRICTWATER LEVEL MONITORING DATA - OBSERVATION WELLS (in feet)

RAIN WATER HARVESTING STRUCTURE IN CHIEF MINISTER’S SOLAR POWERED GREEN HOUSE SCHEME – 2012 - 13

Mrs. Chandra w/o Somasundaram, Kodiyalam Panchayat

Farm pond at Pettavaithalai in Andanallur Union

RAIN WATER HARVESTING STRUCTURE …

PER CAPITA WATER SUPPLY

Area

Quantity of Water Supplied (LPCD)

December 2012

February 2013

April 2013

August 2013 Water

supply restored

Rural Panchayats 40.00 20.00 30.00 40.00

Corporation 110.00 60.00 70.00 110.00

Municipalities 82.00 35.00 54.00 82.00

PER CAPITA WATER SUPPLY

AreaQuantity of Water Supplied (LPCD)

December 2012 January 2013

Rural Panchayats 40.00 20.00

Corporation 110.00 60.00

Municipalities 82.00 35.00