Enabling innovation using identifiers: moving from metrics to map

Osmat A. Jefferson http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0607-8728

February 16, 2016

Outline of the talk Innovation is the act of creating and bringing to society and to market a new product, practice or process. Science - and technology-enabled innovation requires an increased understanding of the natural and engineered world to create and deliver new products and practices. ●  While increased numbers of research outputs - as patented inventions and/or scholarly publications are

viewed as indicators of an innovative environment, in reality they are merely components of the complex system that is the dynamic innovation jigsaw puzzle.

●  In addition, such indicators are ex post measures and afford no guidance to improve.

●  We must explore influences of the scholarly work on innovation and enterprise, using new approaches

to guide ongoing decisions thus increasing the probability that the right work is done, the right partnerships are made and the work product can be adopted into social outcomes.

●  We linked identifiers from the scholarly literature with the patent literature to show where scholarship

has influenced industry, and enabled real time exploration of their interactions.

Innovation is complex and becoming more so

http://www.pcadvisor.co.uk/download/games/jigsaw-puzzles-free-15513620776-3329678/

Invention # Innovation

1900 One inventor One invention One innovation

1980 Inventor + 1 A few inventions One innovation

2006 Entity + 1 500 inventions One innovation

1000 inventions

The Patent System within a jurisdiction

1) investment, 2) technology transfer, and 3) employment

Exclusive rights Public

interest

Patents as instruments in the innovation economy

Right to exclude Obligation to Teach

http://www.slideshare.net/larrybaratta/patents-101-and-patent-prosecution-overview-and-costs

How many scholarly publications and/or patents one has?

http://hubpages.com/travel/Worlds-Best-Echoes#

What is one’s influence on the enterprise in real time?

How can one optimise the uptake of a research work? How can one make a decision informed by evidence?

How can effective and mutually committed partnerships be formed

Citations: 1. Patent citations

Patent document WHEN

WHERE

Forward citations “Citing”

Backward citations “Cited”

2. Non patent literature (NPL) citations •  Scholarly publications

•  Diverse abstracts including patent abstracts

•  Database and internet links

•  Book citations

•  strings with non-standardized structure

•  main source: EPO-DocDB master database since 2007

•  contributed by applicant, examiners, third party

•  with varying degrees of relevance to the invention and its further development/applicability

Unique Identifiers Links citations to scholarly information by tagging DOI to articles metadata

Non patent citations in the Lens As of January 30, 2016

Patent documents analysed: 95,631,005

Documents with citations (orig/pmid/doi): 6,592,665

Number of total NPL citations (Orig):

31,559,088

Number of matched citations to PMID (redundancy included):

7,675,935

Number of matched citations to DOIs (redundancy included):

10,527,820

Citation tab of granted patent US_7640256_B2

NPL citations linked to DOIs and PMIDs are navigable in the Lens

ORCID Database

Live ORCID profiles 1,588,199

Those referencing a citation identifier

(DOIs, PMID, and PMC) 272,074 (17%)

Total referenced citations (DOIs, PMID, and PMC) 6,039,907

Unique citations 4,474,039

% matched so far with the citation database in the Lens 7%

October 2015 dataset

Search for ORCID_works_Citations

Author: (Jefferson RA)

Open standards for the transparency in the innovation system

Acknowledgements

Funding support from Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, and USPTO

Contributors to Lens Citations work

●  Cambia: Douglas Ashton, Tim Helmstedt, Ben Warren, and Deniz Kӧllhofer

●  NCBI @ NIH: Mike DiCuccio and John Moe

●  Crossref: Geoff Bilder and Karl Ward

●  QUT: Adam Jaffe, Uwe Dulleck, Richard Jefferson, Osmat Jefferson