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Sveriges Radio, Metod & Teknikutveckling. February 6th 2015

T2 Lite | New mobile broadcast standard

By Kenneth Wenzel, CEO, Open Channel ApS | U-Media ApS

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Content

What does Open Channel do? ..................................................... 3 DVB-T2 | Key feature for mobile and portable reception ............ 11 T2 Lite | New profile in DVB-T2 v1.3.1 ....................................... 17 DTT | T2 Lite for mobile broadcast ............................................. 19

• In-car entertainment | MRC diversity ..................................... 25 • HEVC aka H.265 ................................................................... 28 • Digital radio ........................................................................... 32 • HbbTV | Visual radio & mobile device ................................... 36 • MUXCPH-2 | UHF channel 39 .............................................. 41

T-DAB | T2 Lite vs DAB+ ............................................................ 51

• 1,7 MHz | Silicon tuner .......................................................... 65

• MUXKBH-3 | VHF channel 9D .............................................. 68

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What does Open Channel do?

Photo: Eskild Nielsen puts VHF channel 9D On Air

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Independent Danish DTT Gatekeeper • Since 2006 performing tests and operating

terrestrial digital radio & television in Copenhagen

• Currently broadcasting 3 different DTT mux in Copenhagen, signals can be received by more than 700,000 households, representing 28% of all Danish households.

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http://bit.ly/1yuAF1W

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http://www.content-technology.com/transmission/?p=200

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https://www.dvb.org/news/on-the-radio-with-dvb-t2-lite

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http://www.broadbandtvnews.com/2013/04/05/hevc-and-hbbtv-trial-on-dtt-copenhagen/

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Technology partner DVB-T2 modulator

T2 Gateway

Transmitter

Head-end, encoder/transcoder

Output filters

Network planning

Test & measurement equipment

Test equipment

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iDTV & smartphone/tablet manufacturers

Broadcast partner

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DVB-T2 | DVB Worldwide • DVB-T/ -T2 have been adopted or deployed in 150 countries.

DVB-T2 has been deployed in 28 countries and adopted in 40.

• Note that the Africa & Asia countries goes directly from analog TV to DVB-T2

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DVB-T2 | Improved robustness • The commercial focus on DVB-T2 was originally mainly on

stationary reception, but DVB-T2 is also designed to work well in mobile/handheld conditions

• DVB-T lacks time interleaving and so it is sensitive to impulsive interference (e.g. from sparks) and the changes in the redio propagation experienced in mobile reception (e.g. caused by path obstructions, 'shadows' )

• DVB-T2 has support for deep time interleaving and longer symbol period, which together radically improves the robustness against impulsive interference

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DVB-T2 | Advantages with multiple PLPs

• Possibility to reach different kinds of receivers and reception conditions with a single RF signal e.g. HDTV to roof-top directional antennas in PLPs

Mobile receivers with robust PLPs

• Possibility to prioritize robustness for selected ”high-priority” services -> prioritized services (e.g. public service) will ”last longer” in bad reception conditions

• Dynamic scheduling PLP -> statistical multiplexing over several PLPs is possible

• PLPs may be sent in a bursty way -> allows for power saving in mobile devices (“time slicing”)

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DVB-T2 | New Bandwidth 1.7 MHz • DVB-T2 has additional three bandwidth 1.7, 5 & 10 MHz

beside 6, 7 & 8 MHz.

• 1.7 MHz is the same bandwidth that Digital Audio Broadcast (DAB) standard uses in VHF band III and L-band

In Europe:

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DVB-T2 | Importance of frequency

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DVB-T2 | Comparison of Minimum Radiation Performance

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T2 Lite | New profile in DVB-T2 v1.3.1

• T2-Lite is a new ”light” version of DVB-T2 to enhance mobile performance.

• T2-Lite is mainly a subset of DVB-T2, except two new code rates for robustness 1/3 and 2/5.

• Several other features, including low bitrates (peaking at 4Mbps per PLP) and short forward error correction frames (16k), co-exist with these coding rates to collectively offer a sharp reduction in receiver power use.

• The benefit is less demand on CPU performance and power, making it highly suitable for tablets and smartphones already on the market today.

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T2 Lite | T2-Base-Lite profile

• T2-Base-Lite is a perfect DVB-T2 profile for digital radio & mobile-TV

• L1 pre-signaling "T2_BASE_LITE"

A mode in which this bit is set to ‘1’ will therefore be suitable for reception by both T2-base-only and T2-lite-only receivers.

• The significance of T2-Base-Lite for broadcasters and DTT operator is that remove the hurdles to commercial success with mobile DTT broadcasting without the cost for building a dedicated network for only mobile TV.

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DTT | T2 Lite for mobile broadcast

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DTT | Background

• DVB-H was never a success – No business case

• Very few DVB-H receivers in the market

• No demand for watching TV on a tiny cell phone screen (QVGA, 320 x 240) - and certainly not if you had to pay for it

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DTT | Bigger mobile screens -new opportunities • With the increasing popularity of iPads since 2010 and other

tablets & smartphone, the demand for linear TV viewing on “smaller” screens has arrived.

• The challenge with tablets and smartphones are that they have a screen size of 1080p or 2K

• The bandwidth necessary for unicast mobile TV can be a challenge for mobile operators - especially during major sporting events.

• Here, T2-Lite (optionally in combination with HEVC) provides an efficient new platform for broadcasting SD/HD TV for mobile device.

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DTT device | T2 smartphone (Siano SMS4470)

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DTT device | WIFI T2 dongle (Sony CXD2837)

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DTT mobile chip | Sony SMT-EW100

• Shipment May 2015.

Key Features

• 6.9 mm x 6.9 mm x 1.0 mm (incl. Filter, Crystal)

• Supports DVB-T, DVB-T2, T2 Lite, ISDB-T, ISDB-Tmm

• Low power consumption: under 200 mW

• Multi-Interface Data: TS, SPI, SDIO

• Control: I2C, SPI, SDIO

• Comes as part of a total solution package that includes the module, antenna, software, and technical support

• Supplied together with the

Android driver package

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DTT In-car entertainment | MRC diversity

• New mobile DVB-T2 | T2 Lite chip with full MRC diversity has first been release in 2014 from Siano (SMS4470) and from Parrot in Q2 2015 (Octopus 3).

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DTT multi-standard chip | Parrot Octopus 3 • perfect for digital radio & Mobile TV

• support MRC diversity in cars

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DTT Radio & TV module for Head unit | Parrot STH

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HEVC aka H.265 | New video codec

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HEVC | Average bitrate savings

• HEVC makes it possible to broadcast mobile TV up to full

HDTV resolution (1080p < 4 Mbit/s) with T2 Lite standard.

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Case: Italy | DVB-T2 & HEVC STB • Mandatory from 1

st January 2015, but has been postponed

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Case: Germany | Tender DVB-T2 & HEVC

• The German media authorities have set up a tender for the

operation of a nationwide DTT platform in DVB-T2/HEVC standard carrying commercial TV channels. Deadline January 30

th 2015

• Media Broadcast was the only candidate.

• The media authorities want to decide about the allocation of the capacity in March 2015. The license will be issued for a 10-year period and can be extended for another 10 years

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DTT radio | UHF 8 MHz BW

Europe: Number of national DVB-T radio:

• Belgium 6 radios • Finland 3 radios • Ireland 9 radios • Italy 34 radios • Netherlands 28 radios • Norway 5 radios • Poland 12 radios • Spain 24 radios • UK 26 radios Northern Ireland 1 T2 radio • Copenhagen x radios

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DTT radio | United Kingdom & Ireland UK Freeview | 24 national + 9 regional DVB-T radio

Northern Ireland | Freeview HD à extra regional DVB-T2 radio:

Ireland SAORVIEW: 9 DVB-T radio:

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DTT radio | Israel 16 national DVB-T radio

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DTT radio | New Zeeland FreeviewHD 3 radio

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HbbTV | Hybrid Broadcast Broadband TV

http://www.yozzo.com/news-and-information/media-broadcasting/hbbtv-hybrid-broadcast-broadband-tv http://www.yozzo.com/news-and-information/media-broadcasting/hbbtv-devices-growth-footprint-and-standards http://www.yozzo.com/news-and-information/media-broadcasting/revenue-streams-and-benefits-with-hbbtv

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HbbTV | VOD • France 24 (en français)

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HbbTV | Webradio & podcast • RFI (via France 24 DTT channel)

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HbbTV | Visual radio & podcast • 63 Germany satellite radio

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HbbTV | NorDig T future work – mobile device

• Investigate additional HbbTV feature and requirements that

are of interest for NorDig members like:

HbbTV 2.0 Functionalities, IRD manufactures implementation, when and how this could be incl. into IRD spec, potential possibilities with v2.0 like HTML5, HEVC. Members interest for new feature/functionality with v2.0

Portable devices, Second screen, synchronisation etc

(part of HbbTV 2.0)

(Radio and T-DAB is not specifically mentioned, but HbbTV use is interesting to study general).

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Case Copenhagen | MUXCPH-2 • UHF channel 39 (618 MHz | 8 MHz BW) • Antenna site BOA:

- TDC radio tower in the center of Copenhagen - Antenna Height: 104 meter, elevation 7 meter - Polarization: Verticals - Transmit power: 2 kW ERP omni-directional

• DVB-T2 version 1.3.1 T2-Base-Lite profile • 8K | GI 1/8 | PP3 | LDCP 16K | 5 PLP

- PLP4: QPSK rotated | CR ½ (digital radio) - PLP1: 16QAM rotated | CR ½ (TV prioritized serv.) - PLP0: 64QAM rotated | CR ½ (TV) - PLP2: 64QAM rotated | CR ½ (TV) - PLP3: 64QAM rotated | CR ½ (TV) Corresponding max. direct TX distance: 33.6 km

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MUXKBH-2 | PLP4 (digital radio)

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MUXCPH-2 | PLP4 (digital radio): Speed • Our itinerary - colour shows speed (red 130 km/h)

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MUXCPH-2 | PLP4 (digital radio): Niveau

• Speed and Signal Strength (small dots). Signal strength is OK except in the tunnel near the Airport

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MUXCPH-2 | PLP4 (digital radio): BER & Sync • Large dots - BER, medium dots - Speed, small dots - PLP

sync (without PLP sync - no decoding!)

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MUXCPH-2 | PLP4 (digital radio): BER & MER • Large dots - BER, medium dots - Speed, small dots - PLP

MER

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MUXCPH-2 | PLP1 (priority service | TV)

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MUXCPH-2 | PLP0, PLP2 & PLP3 (TV)

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India | On Air with T2 Lite radio & TV

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India | T2 Lite radio

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T-DAB | T2 Lite vs DAB+

• DVB-T2 & T2 Lite is not only suitable for mobile TV.

• It is also highly suitable as the future standard of digital radio instead of DAB (1995) & DAB+ (2007)

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DAB/DAB+ | Countries with regular services • After 20 years only 20 DAB/DAB+ countries

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DAB radio | Sound quality eg United Kingdom

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DAB/DAB+ | Transmission Modes

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DAB/DAB+ | Parameter • D-QPSK | GI 1/4 (246 μs) | CR 1/2

Corresponding max. direct TX distance (SFN): 73.8 km

Urban (TU12) channel model

Netto Mbit/s

C/N Rayleigh (dB)

Audio Kbit/s

Audio codec Number of radio

DAB+ Mode 1, PL 3A* 1,056 11,8 64 HE AACv2 ~ 16

DAB Mode 1, PL 3 1,152 13,5 ** 192 Mpeg1 Layer II ~ 6 Results from simulations and laboratory measurements are given, together with values for the noise figure of DAB receivers. * Source: EBU BPN 101, May 2012, Report on Frequency and Network Planning Parameters related to DAB+. Pages 6 a Gaussian type channel was assumed for fixed reception, whereas for mobile and portable reception a Rayleigh channel (profile TU12 at 25 km/h and 178 MHz) was assumed ** Source: EBU Tech3317 July 2007 p13 & 33: Measurements of the required C/N for T-DAB have been made at the IRT (Institut für Rundfunktechnik) for both mobile and portable reception using a Typical Urban (TU12) channel model. The required C/N for mobile reception was measured to be 13.5 dB.

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DAB+ | Case Copenhagen

• VHF channel 9D (208,064 MHz | 1.7 MHz BW) • Antenna site BOA:

- TDC radio tower in the center of Copenhagen - Antenna Height: 100 meter - Polarization: Verticals - Transmit power: 520 W ERP; Dipol antenna

• DAB+ Mode 1, PL 3A

- C/N Rayleigh 11,8 dB - Netto bitrate 1,056 Mbit/s - Space ~ 16 radios

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T2 Lite vs DAB+ | Comparison T2 Lite | Same capacity as DAB+ ~ 16 radios • You get 6 times better broadcasting strength with a

significantly larger coverage or • with the same propagation model as DAB+, the broadcasting

strength can be reduces 6 times with an equivalent reduction of the transmission costs

T2 Lite | Same propagation model as DAB+ • You get 3 times more capacity ~ 48 radios T2 Lite | Other options e.g. • Double capacity ~ 36 radios and 2 times better broadcasting

strength compare with DAB+ with an equivalent reduction of the transmission costs.

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T2 Lite | Same capacity as DAB+ • FFT size = 8K ext | GI 1/16 (277.5 µs) | QPSK • With T2 Lite you get 6 times better broadcasting strength

(11,8 - 4,1 ~ 7,7 dB) with a significantly larger coverage. Corresponding receiver's speed limits w/ PP4 at 200 MHz: 286 km/h Corresponding max. direct TX distance (SFN): 83.2 km (DAB: 73.8 km)

PP4 Netto bitrate (Mbit/s) C/N Gauss** (db) C/N Rayleigh** (dB)

LDCP 64K 16K 64K 16K 64K 16K

CR 1/3 0,840

NA 2,2

CR 2/5 1,016

NA 3,1

CR ½ 1,336 1,167 3,1 2,8 4,1 4,1

CR 3/5 1,606 1,590 4,4 4,6 5,7 6,2

CR 2/3 1,787 1,772 5,2 5,5 7,0 7,4

CR ¾ 2,010 1,953 6,2 6,4 8,3 8,7

CR 4/5 2,145 2,074 6,8 7,0 9,2 9,5

CR 5/6 2,236 2,195 7,3 7,6 10,0 10,4 Marked with pink = only T2 Lite | blue = T2-Base & T2-Lite = T2-Base-Lite profile | ** EBU Tech 3348 v4.1

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T2 Lite | Same propagation model as DAB+ • FFT size = 8K ext | GI 1/16 (277.5 µs) | 16QAM • With T2 Lite you get 3 times more capacity ~ 48 radios

Corresponding receiver's speed limits w/ PP4 at 200 MHz: 286 km/h Corresponding max. direct TX distance (SFN): 83.2 km (DAB: 73.8 km)

PP4 Netto bitrate (Mbit/s) C/N Gauss** (db) C/N Rayleigh** (dB)

LDCP 64K 16K 64K 16K 64K 16K

CR 1/3 1,690 NA 7,3

CR 2/5 2,044 NA 8,2

CR ½ 2,697 2,349 8,1 7,6 9,6 9,0

CR 3/5 3,241 3,201 9,7 10,0 11,4 11,7

CR 2/3 3,606 3,566 11,0 11,2 12,9 13,2

CR ¾ 4,057 3,931 12,1 12,4 14,5 14,9

CR 4/5 4,329 4,174 12,9 13,2 15,8 16,1

CR 5/6 4,513 4,417 13,5 13,8 16,7 17,2 Marked with pink = only T2 Lite | blue = T2-Base & T2-Lite = T2-Base-Lite profile | ** EBU Tech 3348 v4.1

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T2 Lite | Other options eg. • FFT size = 16K ext | GI 1/32 (277.5 µs) | 16QAM • With T2 Lite you get double capacity ~ 36 radios and 2 times

better broadcasting strength (11,8 - 8,5 ~3,3 dB) compare with DAB+ with an equivalent reduction of the transmission costs.

Corresponding receiver's speed limits w/ PP6 at 200 MHz: 147 km/h Corresponding max. direct TX distance (SFN): 83.2 km (DAB: 73.8 km)

PP6 Netto bitrate (Mbit/s) C/N Gauss** (db) C/N Rayleigh** (dB)

LDCP 64K 16K 64K 16K 64K 16K

CR 1/3 1.824 NA 6,8

CR 2/5 2.207 NA 7,7

CR ½ 2,861 2,484 7,6 7,1 9,1 8,5

CR 3/5 3,438 3,384 9,2 9,5 10,9 11,2

CR 2/3 3,826 3,770 10,5 10,7 12,4 12,7

CR ¾ 4,304 4,156 11,6 11,9 14,0 14,4

CR 4/5 4,592 4,413 12,4 12,7 15,3 15,6

CR 5/6 4,788 4,670 13,0 13,3 16,2 16,7 Marked with pink = only T2 Lite | blue = T2-Base & T2-Lite = T2-Base-Lite profile | ** EBU Tech 3348 v4.1

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1,7 MHz BW | Silicon Tuner

• Remember to use silicon tuners, which are compliant with DVB-T2 standard, which supports 1,7, 5, 6, 7 & 8 MHz BW.

• Don’t use old outdated “DVB-T1” silicon tuners, which only supports 6, 7 and 8 MHz.

• The following silicon tuner supports 1.7 MHz channel raster:

-Sony Semiconductor CXD2861, CXD2871

-NXP NDA18271, -272, -273, -274 & -275

-Broadcom BCM3461 NIM & BCM7563 SoC

-Silicon Labs Si21x8 & Si21x7 -Rafael Microelectronics R828S

• 1,7 MHz raster within VHF band III is recommended for e.g.

the Irish Digital Terrestrial Television IRD (Saorview)

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1,7 MHz iDTV | B&O BeoVision Avant TV • supports 1,7 MHz BW in VHF band III

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1,7 MHz STB | Trimax DVB-T2 FTA for UK • supports 1,7 MHz BW in VHF band III

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MUXCPH-3 | VHF channel 9D • VHF channel 9D (208,064 MHz | 1,7 MHz BW)

• Antenna site BOA:

- TDC radio tower in the center of Copenhagen

- Antenna Height: 100 meter, elevation 7 meter

- Polarization: Verticals

- Transmit power: 520 W ERP; Dipol antenna

• T2-Base-Lite profile (DVB-T2 version 1.3.1)

• 16K Ext | GI 1/32 | PP6 | SISO

• PLP0: QPSK rotated | CR 1/3 | LDPC 16K

- C/N Rayleigh 3,6 dB

- Net bitrate 1,230 Mbit/s

- Space ~ 17 radios (à HE AAcv2 64 kbit/s)

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MUXCPH-3 | VHF channel 9D

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Case South Africa | Community TV • DVB-T2 | 1,7 MHz BW L-band T-DAB frequency

• On Air 31th October 2013

• The Westbury Community Development Centre, STARWAVES, ICASA and FRESH TV to launch the World’s First self-operated Digital Community Television Transmission with DVT-T2 / 1.7MHz in the L-Band.

• This project, issued by the Independent Communication Authority of South Africa, (ICASA) initially demonstrated that DVB-T2 digital community television programs can be broadcasted in the L-Band and modest extensions to digital television receivers allow for receiving those community channels.

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Case Thailand | Digital radio roadmap trial

Plan A Plan B

Standard DAB+ DAB+

C/N Rayleigh 11,8 dB 11,8 dB

Capacity kbit/s 1.056 1.056

# radio pr mux 16 16

Schedule Trial ’15 ?

Population coverage

10+1 city 95%

# national mux 3 4 # national radio 48 64 # local mux (39) None 4 # radio pr. areas None 64 # local radio None 2.496

The digital radio roadmap comprises Plan A for the short term and Plan B for the long term. Plan A is scheduled to launch trial services by end ‘14, but is postponed to ‘16.

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Case: Thailand | We suggest a T2 Lite trial.

Plan A Plan B DVB-T2

Standard DAB+ DAB+ T2 Lite

C/N Rayleigh 11,8 dB 11,8 dB 11,7 dB

Capacity kbit/s 1.056 1.056 3.201

# radio pr mux 16 16 48

Schedule Trial ’15 ?

Population coverage

10+1 city 95%

95%

# national mux 3 4 4

# national radio 48 64 192

# local mux (39) None 4 4

# radio pr areas None 64 192

# local radio None 2.496 7.488

We suggest running a T2 Lite trial instead or in parallel with the DAB+ trial to compare and provide the best suited technology platform for Thailand´s digital radio.

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Event | BES Expo 2015 Broadcast Engineering Society (India) is organizing its 21st International Conference cum Exhibition on Terrestrial & Satellite broadcasting. India, New Delhi: 15

th to 17

th January 2015.

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Event | ABU Digital Broadcast Symposium 15 Workshop on DVB-T2: Technologies and Implementations Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur: 2

nd March 2015

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Event | DVB World 2015 DVB World is the biggest annual gathering dedicated to DVB standards, services and technology. Attracting around 200 delegates from around the world, it offers an unequalled opportunity to hear about the latest developments, with an emphasis on useful information and informed analysis rather than commercial pitches. Denmark, Copenhagen | 23

rd to 25

th March 2015

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More info: DVB-T2 group at LinkedIN

www.linkedin.com/groups/DVBT2-151468

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Thank you!

@WenzelKenneth

#DVBT2 #T2Lite

#Digitalradio #DAB

kw@openchannel.dk dk.linkedin.com/in/kennethwenzel

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About Kenneth Wenzel CEO and Founder, U-Media ApS, Denmark, since 1997. Director of the U-Media subsidiary, Open Channel based in Copenhagen, since 2006 where he and his team started DTT trials, followed by the DVB-T2 standard in 2010 as one of the first in Europe. In 2012, as the first in the world - Kenneth Wenzel and team, launched tests airing the next generation of mobile TV on UHF and digital radio on a so-called T-DAB frequency, based on the new standard DVB-T2 Lite profile. Kenneth Wenzel holds a M. Sc. from The Technical University of Denmark (DTU). He is a member of The Danish Business Authority Spectrum Forum, The Danish Consumer Electronics Associations technical ERFA-group as well as editor/manager of the DVB-T2 group at LinkedIn. He is an innovator and entrepreneur in the digital TV & radio space, working with new technologies, testing developing and at the forefront of DVB-T, DVB-T2, T2 Lite developments and other new media technical platforms.

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DAB | mono v stereo • Interview with BBC Radio's Head of Technology Rupert Brun • http://bit.ly/1yJN2aJ