1. TU Delft, MSc Urbanism - Final Graduation Presentation - June 2012 Domantas StukasA Project for ValenciaStrategy for revitalizing socially vulnerable areas, capturing the benefits of large urban projectsdomantas.stukas@yahoo.com

2. WHAT AM I DOING?... proposing A strategy to improve socially vulnerable areas, by capturing the economic vitality of LUPs 0 1km1. Palau de les Arts Reina Sofia 2. Sports venue - Veles e Vents 3. Formula 1 Grand Prix of Europe in Valencia 3. Why AM I DOING this? Francisco Camps / Santiago Calatrava / Ex-president of the The Architect Regional Government 4. Opening of the Palau de les Arts Reina SofiaLast 20 year strategy focused on promoting Large urban projects aimed at tourism, construction indsutry and the wealthyJuanito / A Local Bloke5. Street view of the Cabanyal neighbourhood 4. What are the Outputs?StrategyKey Interventions Design proposal0 1km0 1kmNMI 10 5. Problem Statement Increasing fragmentation and BIg amount of public moneyLack of benefit distributionsocial vulnerabilityspent on urban projects mostly from large urban projects to favouring the wealthy andlocal neighbourhoodsconstruction companies6. Railway separated neighbourhoods 6. Main Research questions - What are the strategic spatial interventions necessary to improve the condition of socially vulnerable areas in Valencia? - What are the existing possibilities of spatial planning to capture the benefits of LUPs for local communities?7. The only pedestrian bridge linking two neighbourhoods 7. ProblemProblem Statement & Research Questions StatementYou Are Here Site Description, Valencias Spatial & StrategicContext Planning, Theoretical Framework Project Area Choice, LUPs, Spatial and Socio-economicProject AreaAnalysis, Municipal Plan Aalysis Strategy Strategy, Key Projects, Design Proposal, Conclusion 8. Context 9. VALENCIAOldtownMain RodsRailwayFormer River BedNew River BedMunicipality Population810 000 Barcelona 4hZaragoza4,5hItalyMadrid Madrid 660 pax/yearMunicipality Area:4h 1,5hBarcelona 4h134.65kmBalearic islandsDensity Malaga 6hAlicante 2hAlicante248 000 pax/year2h6 010/km 10. AgriculturePeriod SilkRice CitrusIndustrialperiod Ceramics Furniture MetalService economy period8. Transition in Valencian economy LogisticsConstruction Service & Tourism 11. Recent Economic Chalanges 9. Media headlines about socio-economic difficultiesHighest unemployment inEurozoneGovernment Bankruptcy50% Youth UnemploymentValencia - The Greece ofSpainEconomic recession is escalating the problems of social vulnerability, unemployment & development stagnationStudent ProtestsHighest debt in SpainCorruption 12. Spatial PlanningNational Government defines land use types: Urban; Developable; Not DevelopableLocal Government Delimits: - Land Use type - Spatial configuration, functionLand use type Function10. Land use plan 201011. General Plan of Valencia 2010 Valencias planning act:Additional planning -PLAN Parcial for developable areasAllows 3rd party to developdocuments:-Programa de actuacion integrada for URBAN Areas land without owning it-Plan Especial for urban & not developable areas 13. Turia Garden 1988 Citys green backbone1 Strategic Planning Local citizen oriented Sports & leisure activities Increase in living qualityCentral Park 20??2 Green heart of Valencia Redevelopment of rail infrastructure site1 Local citizen oriented Recreation & educative activities City of Arts And Science `98-`113 5 Raise Citys identity & attract tourism and gentrification Culture, education, conference and sport activities Expensive construction & maintenance, loss making Limited accessibility & use Wealthy class and tourist oriented2F1 city Circuit 20084Redevelopment of deteriorating industrial area4Limited periodical use of isolationist facilities3Global sports event drawing publicityYearly franchise cost of ~35 million eurosWealthy class and tourist oriented Americas Cup Port20075Redevelopment of industrial port and beachSports, tourism & recreation activitiesGlobal event generating revenuePromoting nautical high-tech industryLuxury tourism and wealthy class oriented event 14. LUP Benefit orientation1988 1998-20112014Local Citizenoriented Tourism &Wealthy classoriented 12. Large Urban Project benefit orientation 15. Theoretical Framework & project area choice 16. Theoretical frameworkLUP integrationConfrontation of entrepreneurial and local needs in order to prevent isolationist projects(Cuenya 2005)Raising project integration by inclusion Of local participation (Lecroart 2007)Locally painless project funding (Altshuler & Luberoff 2003)Project flexibility and reversibility by multiple project operators (Lecroart 2007)Mix of functions to ensure project vitality & Success (Lecroart 2007)Local society favouring public space to increase project credibility (Lecroart 2007) 17. Urban VULNERABILITY 1991-2006Socially vulnerable areas in Valencia 1991 20012006012km 0 1 2km0 1 2kmDerived based on Housing condition, level of education, unemploymentbased on percentage of immigrants13. Socially vulnerable neighbourhoods 1991/2001/2006 18. Criteria for project site URBAN REGENERATION PEOPLE LIVING IN BAD VULNERABLE AREAS PROGRAM - RIVA CONDITION HOUSING REHABILITACIN INTEGRAL DE VALENCIA 3951 5414 16414146931 2923301 2km 0 12km0 12km14. Areas of bad housing conditions / vulnerable neighbourhood / existing urban regeneration programs 19. Project Area City of ArtsCentral Park and ScienceProject Area0 1 2km01 2km 20. Project AReaAnalysis 21. City of Arts And SciencesScience MuseumHemisfric -- Interactive science -- Cinema hall expositionPalau de las Arts-- Souvenir shopReina Sofia-- Souvenir/book shop -- Restaurant -- Operas -- Ballets -- Cinemas -- Exhibitions -- Conferences, etc. Oceanografic-- Marine museum, aquarium-- Restaurants-- Souvenir shopsUmbracle-- Marine research-- Parking-- Exhibition of flora and astronomy Agora-- Sport / culture events-- Conferences-- Show venue15. City of Arts and Science 22. Central Park Vision16. Central Park project 23. Central ParkExisting Situation17. Central Park existing sitation 24. Project Phasing Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 318. Central Park plans and phasing 25. Project Area in 194619. Project area historic context 26. TURIA GARDEN 19c Spatial conditions (old river bed) P RT historic nUCLEUS human scale, attractive streetscapeLUPO feeling of an old town small property lotsEXPAN DINGOLD T NUCLE C US OWN lack of greeneries and open spaces TION RI AL STAN HISTO U built environment requires refurbishing. TR PE ,19th c UL CA T ICSGIS TRY C . RI NDSFREEEXPANAG LALO US `70 block TYPE Defined, human scale street levelSION -70`ieD RIA s INborder of unattractive railway BLOCK PROJECTYPER TU MAINROA DS undeveloped properties blocks which IVE T AREA R (new rive r bed ) 0 1kmfree sTANDINGlots of green open space in between Not developed groundfloor Unapealing spaces for public activityPre 1944 NucleusBlock type 1970 expansion Free Standing 1970 expansion 27. Abandoned & EmpTY Property EMPTY LAND LOT ABANDONED PROPERTY 01km 28. Older >64 living alone UnemploymentSocio-economicConditions250250SERVICE, COMMERCE & SALES MANUFACTUREproduction of metal productsproduction of oce materials and computesproduction of other electronic poductsproduction of precision and optical machineryfood and drink industries200200 footware clothes and textilewood cork and furniturepaper, printing and publishingOther 1Other 2Wholesale150150Groceries and TabacoNon Groceries and TabacoYouth 16-30 unemployment ImmigrantsCafe, RestaurantRepairs of carsAutomobilesInsurance and Real Estate100100Service for BusinessRental, Real EstatePersonal ServiceOtherArchitects and Civil EngineersConstruction Engineers 50 50Brokers, SalesmanHoReCaInsuranceManagersOther ProfessionalsRent, Insurance and Law00TeachingHealth 1. Mont-Olivet2. En Corts3. Malilla 4. Fonteta de Sant Llus 5. Na Rovella 6. La Punta 7. Ciutat Arts i les Cincies OtherBad Housing ConditionDensity Museums/Theatres/ Cinemas Municipal Organization Education Youth Centre Sports Social Centres Health Libraries Absence of Facilities20. Project area socio-economic conditions 29. Traffic Intensity Bus connectivityConnectivity Bus lines running through the project siteTraffic intensityOther Bus linesBridges and tunnelsLack of direct accessibilityRail Public Transport Subjective local transportation evaluationTram/Metro lineFuture Metro lineTrain Station>45% Population thinking they haveCargo Train Station15% bad transportBus Station5% availability21. Project infrastructure analysis 30. Existing Situation 01km22. Existing spatial condition 31. municipal development plans 01km23. Municipal development plans 32. Central Park project 0 1km24. Central park related development issues 33. Real Estate Market01km25. Real estate markekt related Malilla Nord development issues 34. AIM 35. AIM of the projectImprove socially vulnerable neighbourhoods in Valencia, inthe context of local developmentstagnation and economy recession 36. Further aimsBetter the spatial conditions of vulnerable areasUse the potential of LUPsto make the neighbouring areasmore successul 37. Strategy 38. FLOWS To LUPs26. Capturing the flows that lead to to LUPs of Valencia 39. Activation Strategy 40. Key projectsSTARTUPS CENTRE New Market Designworkshop area Huerta Info CentreExisting LUP ConnectionsNew intervention Connections01km 41. StrategyExisting LUP connection New Bridges Secondary Projects Existing GreeneriesExisting LUPNew LUP connectionSecondary Connection New GreeneriesExisting BridgesKey intervention projects New Bicycle RouteFuture Metro 42. Redevelopment layerProject / New MarketOlder >64 living alone Bad Housing Condition 0 1km 43. Abandoned Property27. Abandoned old historic neighbourhood 44. Redevelopment concept 45. Employment layerProject / workshop centre Empty Property0 1km 46. Empty property28. Existing abandoned property 47. Opened up new green space 48. Employment layer Young Entrepreneur centre N MI10Unemployment 0 1km 49. Green layer Temporary parks & Huerta info centre 01km29. Existing huerta info centre location 50. Landscape info centre 51. Real TimeTomate 1.2 /KgAgricultureNetworkJun 15 - Aug 30 Naranja 0.8 /Kg Apr 10 - Nov 20Cereza 2.2 /KgJul 01 - Sep 15Parque Central Merc@do Collaboration ...Tomates1.01 Naranjas1.22 Cerezas 2.03... Publicity Real Time Info FeedbackNew MarketRaise environmental awareness Encourage local production / consumptionInform about product growth location, status and seasonality Strengthen local agriculture networkHuerta Info Centre Promote typical Valencian landscape 52. secondary PROJECTSIntervention typesTemporary/PermanentNew Green SpacesUnder used property developmentDevelopment promotion on emptyproperty 53. Development promotion New Green Spaces Under used developmentBratislava / Green SquareBudapest / Urban Meadow Magdeburg / Open Air LibraryBut Yam / Northern Gate Dessau / Landscape Corridor Vilnius / Litterateurs Street30. Reference projectsPhiladelphia / Vacant Land Brooklyn / Lent Space Paris / Passage 56 54. StakeholderH UERTA INFOCENTRE PRIVATEROPERTYAnalysis P RIVATE INVESTORS P UBLIC ROPERTYPRIVATEINVESTORS P RIVATE ROPERTY NEWMARKET P RIVATE ROPERTIES 0 1km 55. Project Stakeholder Investment Gain New Land Owner -- Partial investment into new market building -- New marketPublic Land Owner-- Development of mixed use buildings-- Improvement of under developed land(Municipality) -- New public spaces -- Increase in land value -- Upgrade of adjacent living environment-- Stimulation of local economyNational Police--- Improved private space -- Partial investment into new market building Private Investors-- Income from development -- Mixed use buildings -- Provision of greeneries -- Publicity MuncipalityParque Central Association -- Investment into Real Time Agriculture Network -- Collaboration with Huerta Info Centre New Private ownersDepartment of Employment andMarket -- Partial investment into new market building -- New job places Promotion of Entrepreneurial Projects -- Participatory time & input for local needsPrivate investors-- Current economy driven market design / workingAssociation of Markets -- Investment into Real Time Agriculture Network scheme-- Improved surroundingsNeighbourhood Association-- Participatory time & input for local needs-- Public / Private housing-- New Public FacilitiesHuerta Info Centre -- Investment into Real Time Agriculture Network -- Collaboration with the New Market-- Publicity of local productsAssociation of Farmers -- Investment into Real Time Agriculture Network-- Increasing demand of work-- Income for the sold land Private Land Owner--- Permission for higher development rights -- Acquisition of private propertyMunicipality-- Public use of under used area Muncipality -- Partial investment to Entrepreneur CentreEntrepreneur Private Investors -- Partial investment to Entrepreneur Centre -- Strategically appealing location Private owner Centre Department of Employment and -- Partial investment to Entrepreneur Centre -- New job places for young populationPrivate investors Promotion of Entrepreneurial Projects Polytechnic University of Valencia-- Architecture student design competition for the Centre-- Tender for the winning projectNeighbourhood Associacion-- Participatory time & input for local needs-- Facilities and public space according to local needs Multiple Private Land Owners--- Income from rented propertyMunicipality -- 5 year rent of abandonded property-- Redevelopment of abandoned property Municipalityfor 5 years with an availibility to Workshop Department of Employment and -- Inventory for the Workshop Area-- New Job Placesextend the rental contractArea Promotion of Entrepreneurial Projects -- Necessary refurbishment worksNeighbourhood Association-- Redevelopment of property -- Built environment for public facility Private owners Valencias Associacion of Arts-- Workshops and lessons -- Space for creativity and production Private land owner--- Income for the sold land Polytechnic University of Valencia-- Architecture student design competition for the info centre -- Tender for the winning project-- Strengthening the regional strategy to promote local Regional Government -- Financing the projectHuerta Info agricultural landscape Municipality -- Monitoring of the project CentreCentre of Strategy and Development of-- Strengthening the regional strategy to promote local Valencia-- Seek for private investorsagricultural landscapeAssociation of Markets -- Investment into Real Time Agriculture Network -- Collaboration with Huerta info CentreAssociation of Farmers -- Investment into Real Time Agriculture Network -- Publicity of local products 56. Stakeholder InvestmentsFarmer Private InvestorsAssociation PROJECT NEW MARKETLand National Police MarketREAL TIME Dep. of EmploymentAssociotionAGRICULTUREiand Promotion ofNETWORK Entrepreneurial ProjectsHuerta InfoMIXED USECollab. Centre MARKETMunicipality Land Parque Collab.PUBLIC SPACENeighbourhood CentralTreesi AssociationCollab.Collaboration of Projects iIdeas / Participation Land Provision of LandTreesProvision of Greeneries Investment 57. Stakeholder Gains Publicity Revenues Private InvestorsFarmerAssociationNew job placesPROJECT NEW MARKETImproved surroundings National Police Market New modern market REAL TIME New job placesDep. of EmploymentAssociotion Customized structure AGRICULTUREand Promotion ofNETWORKEntrepreneurial Land redevelopmentProjects Land value increaseHuerta InfoMIXED USE Local economy stimulationProject collaboration Municipality Centre MARKET Surounding improvement New public/private housing Publicity New facilities ParqueNeighbourhoodProject collaboration PUBLIC SPACE New job places Central New local market / centralityAssociation 58. Project tradeoff studyTemporary HighSpeed train station Private investment tertiarytowers >25 floors (offices)Redeveloped public historicalbuildings. Administration,education, cultural.Private investmentresidential towers 25 floors0 1km 59. Possible LUP tradeoffsNew pedestrian Neighbourhoodbrigeopen air libraryUpgrade of existingpedestrian bridgeCommunity centreSocial HousingNew pedestrianbrige0 1km 60. Promotion of alternative LUP use31. Alternative use of the City of Arts and Sciences 61. DesignNew Links / New Market / Startup Centre 62. 10 1 Street Section Study 2 3Main projects 4Street space boundaryGreeneries 1 2 0 1km 3 4 63. Proposed Calmed traffic areasMARKET TUPS STARSCHO MOLTSPORWORKSHOPSMain projects PARK Street space boundaryMetro LinePedestrian / Bike connectionGreeneriesCalmed traffic zone01km 64. DesignNew Links / New Market / Startup Centre 65. Existing SituationAbandoned / Empty property 66. Project ProposalProposed new Functionsentrance to the Marketestablished new links 67. NEWMARKET 68. New Spatial Configuration NEW T EMARK 69. Established publicspace connections 70. NEW MARKET DEVELOPMENT PHASINGExisting situationPhase 1- New Market & Public SpacePhase 2 - Adjacent DevelopmentPhase 3 - Relocation & DemolishmentMPhase 4 - Development CompletionProposed Spatial Configuration 71. DesignNew Links / New Market / Startup Centre 72. Entrepreneur CentreExisting ProposedExistingBuildingsNewBuildingsDemolishedBuildingsDemolishedRoads 73. Proposed Plan 74. Functions 75. Relation to the City of Arts and Science 76. conclusions 77. What are the strategic spatial interventions necessary to improve the position of socially vulnerable areas in Valencia?What are the existing possibilities of spatial planning to improve the benefits of LUPs for local communities in Valencia? 78. New vocation of the siteGreen Heart of Young Startups & Hip New Vital urban life ValenciaCentrality Accessible daily activitiesfor the Citizens Social Centre, Skill learning,Workshops & Self Employment Local landscape and foodproduction awareness 79. Strategy in the municipal context 80. Gracias32. City of Arts and Science from the fields of huerta 81. Image SourcesPalau de les Arts Reina Sofia / www.flickr.com : Roberto Rocco2Central Park existing sitation /Sports venue - Veles e Vents / www.flickr.com : Emilio!2 Domantas Stukas, www.valenciaparquecentral.es24Formula 1 Grand Prix of Europe in Valencia / www.f1-site.com2Central Park plans and phasing / www.valenciaparquecentral.es25Opening of the Palau de les Arts Reina Sofia / www.f1-site.com3Project area historic context / www.urbanity.es26Street view of the Cabanyal neighbourhood / Project area socio-economic conditions /www.maps.google.com3 Domantas Stukas based on www.ine.es29Railway separated neighbourhoods / Domantas Stukas5Project infrastructure analysis /Domantas Stukas based on www.valencia.es30The only pedestrian bridge linking two neighbourhoods / DomantasStukas6Existing spatial condition /Domantas Stukas based on www.valencia.es31Transition in Valencian economy /www.flickr.com : DonaLG, Oselfa Faber, www.sabore.es, Brisky Fingers, Feria Habitat Municipal development plans /Valencia, Manyez, John Burke, Metro Centric; www.f1-site.com11 Domantas Stukas based on www.valencia.es32Media headlines about socio-economic difficulties / Central park related development issues /www.presseurop.eu, www.bbc.co.uk. www.elpais.com, www.cnn.com12Domantas Stukas based on www.valencia.es 33Land use plan 2010 / www.valencia.es13 Real estate markekt related Malilla Nord development issues /General Plan of Valencia 2010 / www.valencia.es13Domantas Stukas based on www.valencia.es, www.valenciaparquecentral.es34Large Urban Project benefit orientation / Capturing the flows that lead to to LUPs of Valencia /Domantas Stukas based on www.valencia.es, Source: www.valenciaparquecentral.es, Domantas Stukas based on www.valencia.es, www.maps.google.com39www.vistasalegres.blogspot.no, www.f1-site.com, www.flickr.com : Rafa Cartagena,Abandoned old historic neighbourhood / www.maps.google.com 44jmhdezhdez 15Existing abandoned property / www.maps.google.com47Socially vulnerable neighbourhoods 1991/2001/2006 /Domantas stukas based on www.siu.vivienda.es 18Existing huerta info centre location / Domantas Stukas, www.gva.es 50Areas of bad housing conditions / vulnerable neighbourhood /Reference projects / www.publicspace.org, www.72hoururbanaction.com54existing urban regeneration programs /Alternative use of the City of Arts and Sciences /Domantas Stukas based on siu.vivienda.es, cartoweb.cma.gva.es19Domantas Stukas, www.cac.es61City of Arts and Science /City of Arts and Science from the fields of huerta /www.maps.bing.com, www.flickr.com : Andifeelfine, fromhorta22www.flickr.com : ferelmafe 81Central Park project / www.valenciaparquecentral.es23 82. MSc Urbanism Thesis ReportJune 2012A Project For ValenciaSTRATEGY FOR REVITALIZING SOCIALLY VULNERABLE AREAS,CAPTURING THE BENEFITS OF LARGE URBAN PROJECTS DOMANTAS STUKAS 4116267Delft University of Technology, Department of Urbanism, Chair of Spatial PlanningStrategy, Studio Complex Cities