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Presented at 2012 Optical Fiber Communications Conference/National Fiber Optic Engineer's Conference, Los Angeles, CA, Mar. 5, 2012
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1 | © Infinera Corporation 2012 1 | © Infinera Corporation 2012
The 3 W Coherent Transponder
Dave Welch, Founder and EVP
2 | © Infinera Corporation 2012 2 | © Infinera Corporation 2012
Or… W/Gb needs to scale with bandwidth growth
3 | © Infinera Corporation 2012
To scale power in the network• Router bypass is required• Layer convergence is required• MPLS management is required• In addition, power has to be reduced in each layer• The “geometries” of the Long Haul network will not change
The Short Answer
4 | © Infinera Corporation 2012
Power consumed at all network layers
Power consumed to inter‐connect network layers
The more a service hops between layers, the more power consumed
Power Use: The NETWORK ProblemRouting (IP/MPLS)
Switching
Transport
Service
Highest impact to power savings: Convergence
5 | © Infinera Corporation 2012
Routing (IP/MPLS)
Transport
Power from WDM and OTN/Switching layersPlus…power to inter‐connect the two:Solution: converged switching + WDM
No more transponders
Network Power: WDM + Switching
Converged Optical Switching/Transport
PICEnabled
Reduced Boxes and Inter‐Connections
Switching
6 | © Infinera Corporation 2012
Converged WDM + Switching: The Result
Fewer boxes and inter‐connections save power
$0
$10,000
$20,000
$30,000
$40,000
$50,000
$60,000
$70,000
WDM + Stand‐alone OXC
Integrated WDM + Switchingw/discrete optics
Integrated WDM + Switching
w/PICs
Power OPEX ($'000)
Y10
Y9
Y8
Y7
Y6
Y5
Y4
Y3
Y2
Y1
Source: Typical national/regional WDM + switch network with multi‐Terabit OXC and 100G WDM (Infinera study)
7 | © Infinera Corporation 2012
Converged Packet –Optical Transport
Reduce number of router hops and Router‐Optical interconnections
“Router bypass”
Optimize total network power
TOTAL Network Power
Routing (IP/MPLS)
Switching
TransportConverged Optical + MPLS Switching
(P‐OTN)
8 | © Infinera Corporation 2012
Modeling based on core nation‐wide IP/Optical network• spanning 18,000km • 96 city nodes
Power estimates based on Terabit scale routers & transport systems
MPLS Transport ‐ Power Savings
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.5 1 2 4 8
Normalize
d Po
wer
Normalized Network Load
Separate router andtransport
Packet Aware transport
9 | © Infinera Corporation 2012
Coherent is a network requirement• All fibers that require > 1Tb/s• QPSK is the coherent technology for Long Haul, • 16 QAM does not meet broad based network needs
Bandwidth per unit needs to scale with bandwidth consumption• OPEX requirement• Requires superchannels or will not keep pace
25‐30% of power consumption is for chassis cooling (i.e. fans)The optical engine needs to minimize cooling required• Optics Tj – 75oC; Electronics Tj – 125oC
Axioms to keep in mind
10 | © Infinera Corporation 2012
10 Lasers40 Modulators32 Gbaud; 64 GS/s Electr.~28nm SiliconTime to Market: ~2 years
375 GHz375 GHz2 Lasers8 modulators160 Gbaud; 320 GS/s Electr.~16nm SiliconTime to Market: ~7 years
1 Tb/s PM‐QPSK
375 GHz1 Laser4 modulators320 Gbaud; 640 GS/s Electr.~ 11 nm Silicon Time to Market: ~10 years
Implementing a 1Tbps Super‐channel for LH networksC Band
PICs are required
11 | © Infinera Corporation 2012
1 Tb/s in a single line card
1Tbps Super Channel Tx and Rx
PIC’s are the Only Practical Approach to Implementing Large Scale Coherent
1T RX PIC
1T TX PIC
10 channels of Tx
10 channels of Rx
12 | © Infinera Corporation 2012
5x100Gbps PICs in Production Today500G Super‐Channel Network Deployments Start in 2Q2012
500GTx PIC
500GRx PIC
Number of Channels 5 x 100GMonolithic InP Chips 2Optical Functions > 600
“Gold Box” Replacements > 100Fiber Jumper Replacements > 250
COST
SIZE
POWERCAPACITY RELIABILITY
5x100G Tx and Rx Modules are Roughly Same Size as 10x10G
13 | © Infinera Corporation 2012
Increasing Spectral Efficiency with Higher Order ModulationMod.Format Reach Fiber Capacity
PM‐BPSK 6000 km 6Tbps
PM‐QPSK 3000 km 12Tbps
PM‐16QAM 800 km 24Tbps
Photonic Integration Enables a Single Cost Efficient 1Tbps Line Module with SW Configurable Modulation Formats
BPSK QPSK 8QAM 16QAM
14 | © Infinera Corporation 2012
Sources of Power in Coherent DSPs
65nm
40nm
28nm
Relative Watt P
er 100
Gb/s56GS/s 64GS/s 128GS/s
Relative Power vs. ADC Speed
1.0
0.5
0.25
0.35
20nm
Coherent Power Use by Functional Blocks
25%
10%
30%
30%
5%
ADC/DACSERDESDSPSoft FECOther
Flex Coherent – also means Flex Power
15 | © Infinera Corporation 2012
FEC and Framer Integration
Framer FEC/DSP Tx/Rx
Framer/FEC/DSP Tx/Rx
• Integration required for SERDES power elimination• Optics will remain isolated as different cooling requirements
Phy
Phy
Today
Tomorrow
16 | © Infinera Corporation 2012
Moore’s Law: power gains from CMOS feature size reductionReduced “power per bit” using higher‐order modulation for metroUp to 50% reduced DSP power for metro
Power Savings for Coherent DSP/ASICsRe
lative Watt P
er 100
Gb/s
3000
CD Tolerance[ps/nm]
0.5
50,000 12,000
1.0
0.75
17 | © Infinera Corporation 2012
Network power driven first and foremost by network convergence and optimization Coherent is required; QPSK is the LH standardBandwidth scaling requires PICs and superchannelsPICs enable system level power reductionFlexible Coherent for ASIC/DSP application and power optimization
Conclusion
18 | © Infinera Corporation 2012 18 | © Infinera Corporation 2012
Thank You