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Decentralized Institutional Mechanisms for Mainstreaming Efforts of Concerned Stakeholders to Achieve the National Goal of Basic Sanitation Coverage in Nepal
Bipin PoudelKamal AdhikariRabin Bastola
31 January 2012, Bangladesh, Sanitation And Hygiene Practitioners Workshop
National Goal : 100% coverage by 2017MDG : 53% coverage by 2015
Present Status (NMIP 2010): Water Supply – 80% Sanitation 43.04% Rural – 37%, Urban – 80%, 50% districts below the national average Diarrheal outbreak still persistent in some
communities 260 VDCs, 5 Municipalities and 2 districts declared
ODF
Background
Synergize and unify stakeholders' efforts Generate and maximize local resources Reach the roots of the grass-roots (unreached)
Provide strategic guidance to achieve national
goal and MDG targets Mainstream sanitation into national
development agenda Strengthen institutional arrangements through
decentralized approach Run sanitation in the form of a social
movement and expand coverage
Rationale of the Master Plan
Milestone 1: 60% toilet coverage by 2012/13
Milestone 2: 80% toilet coverage by 2014/15
Milestone 3: 100% toilet coverage by 2016/17
With Due focus on :
• Sustainable changes on hygiene behaviors
• Proper use of toilet and waste management
practices in rural and urban areas
Milestones
Decentralized planning, implementation and
monitoring
Promotion of demand driven sanitation and hygiene
programs
Inter and intra sectoral collaboration
Cost sharing and resource pulling arrangements at
community level
Reward and recognition
Uniformity and harmonization
Wider advocacy and knowledge management
Strategies
1. ODF as the bottom line
2. Universal access to toilet in water supply project
3. Informed technological choices
4. Leadership of local government bodies
5. VDC/Municipality as a basic unit of planning
6. Locally managed financial support mechanisms
7. User’s friendly sanitation facilities in institutions
8. Mandatory provision of toilets in new built up
9. Hand washing with soap and behaviour built up
Guiding Principles
National Sanitation and Hygiene Coordination Committee (Represented by several agencies)
R-WASH-CC
D-WASH-CC
V-WASH-CC/M-WASH-CC
Municipal/VDC/community/school level activities
National Sanitation and Hygiene Steering Committee (NPC, MPPW, MoLD, MoHP, MoE,
MoF, MoE, MCWSW)
Decentralized Multi Stakeholders’ Platform
Approved : 4 August 2011 and Public: 29 Sept 2011
Timely strengthening of decentralized institutional
arrangements in different level at equal par
Lack of adequate technical personnel, resources and
inadequate institutionalization
No elected representatives (last election on 1997 and
term expired on 2002) in local bodies
Challenges
Resource mobilization by local bodies (block grant
operational guidelines)
Increasing political commitments
ODF status as a prestige issue
Wider engagement of media, civil society, schools and
communities
Sanitation as a cross-cutting theme
Formulation of district level strategic plan (unified
plan) in more than 35 districts
Opportunities
