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Slides from Session 3 - English Housing Survey
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The English Housing Survey
The EHS…
• is commissioned by DCLG and sponsored by DECC
• a 35 minute face-to-face survey of households in England and a comprehensive physical survey of homes
• is a national statistic
The EHS Team
• DCLG• DECC• ONS / NatCen Social Research • CAD Housing Surveys• Building Research Establishment
13,300 EHS household interviews
Sub sampling by tenure
6,200 physical surveys
Structure of EHS (2013-14)
EHS DatabaseAnonymised dataset to UKDA
Aggregated data for reports
The EHS sample
• Representative sample of the population of England
• NatCen using half-England sample from 2012-13• Unclustered design• Drawn from Postcode Address File • Subsampling by tenure
Interview Survey: fieldwork
• Fieldwork operates in 8 waves each year
• Around 100 interviewers in each wave
• Interviewers carry out a 35 minute interview
• Interview Household Reference Person or partner
• Identify vacant properties
• Around 60% response rate
• Interviewers make appointment for surveyor visit
Physical Survey: fieldwork
• Conducted by around 150 professional surveyors• Appointment made with householder by interviewer• Internal and external inspection plus photographs• Dwelling based includes occupied households and
vacant properties• Data collected using digital pens
Topicstenure overcrowding
and under-occupation
wellbeing energy efficiency of
housing stock
income and earnings (incl.
benefits)
fuel poverty
type, size and age of
housing stock
housing size and condition
housing costs and arrears
second homes
accessibility and
adaptations
satisfaction with housing, local area and
landlord
housing aspirations
negative equity
fire safety disrepair and repair costs
homelessness and waiting
lists
housing flows within and between tenure
demographic details of HRP
age, sex, marital status,
sexual identity
nationality and country
of birth
details of household members
health and disability
ethnicity and religion
Interview Survey – rotating modules
To keep the interview to a concise length, some sets of questions are rotated:
•Tenancy deposits (2011-12 and 2014-15)
• Problems in neighbourhood (2014-15)
• Adaptations for disability (2011-12 and 2014-15)
• Second homes (2012-13 and 2013-14)
• Fire (2013-14)
• Energy efficiency (2011-12 and 2012-13)
EHS user group• A user group comprising main policy and analysis customers in DCLG
and DECC
• Meetings held individually with DCLG and DECC teams in September/October 2013 to ensure:
– questionnaire and physical survey content for 2014-15 survey year meets anticipated future policy priorities
– 2012-13 headline and annual reports are useful and relevant for customers
• Combined user group meeting with all policy teams held in November 2013 in which changes to 2014-15 questionnaire content approved
• The content for headline and annual reports is still under discussion we welcome feedback at today’s event on what to include
DECC and DCLG policy and analysis teams
Social rented sector
Private rented sector
Owner occupiers DECC
Social rented sector allocations
Welfare reform
Universal Credit
Large scale voluntary transfer
Evictions
Illegal subletting
Private rented sector taskforce
Rogue landlords
Park homes
Commercial space
Repairs, decent homes
Tenancy types
Negative equity
Support for mortgage interest
Mortgage rescue scheme
Leasehold
Equity share
Help into home ownership schemes
Community and Voluntary sector
British Legion
Shelter
National Housing Federation
Building and Social Housing Foundation
Foundations
Consultation on interview survey questionnaire
• Identify need for new questions (fill evidence gaps that will be relevant in 2016)• Release capacity on the survey (remove/rotate questions not required by users) • Canvas views on presentation and usability to maximise value of data collected
Fuel poverty
Energy efficiency
• Identify need for new items on physical survey (fill evidence gaps that will be relevant in 2016)
• Canvas views on presentation and usability to maximise value of data collected
Consultation on physical survey
DECC and DCLG policy and analysis teams
FireSustainable
buildingsHousing condition
Adaptations for elderly & disabled
Smoke alarms
Carbon monoxide
Insulation
Renewable energy
HHSRS
Decent homes
Overheating
Fuel poverty
Financial assistance
Boilers
Disabled facilities grant
Ageing population
• Social rented sector:– Mobility, willingness to move, to seek work in other areas– Are we ready for Welfare Reform – Universal Credit, Personal Independence
Payment, localisation of Council Tax Rebate?– What is the right occupancy measure?
• Private rented sector: – Are householders content with their tenure at their current life stage?– What proportion in private rented sector out of choice, what proportion out of
necessity? – Churn, stability of tenure, length of tenancy– Quality of accommodation, decent homes measure
• Owner occupiers: – Overcharging of leaseholders by freeholders – Barriers to selling an equity share home– Help into home ownership – awareness of government schemes, bank of Mum and
Dad– Barriers to owning
• Armed forces– Monitoring The Armed Forces Covenant for equality of outcomes
• Energy– DECC schemes on energy efficiency improvements, hard-to-treat properties,
renewable energy
Emerging themes from 2013 meetings
Private rented sector– Length of tenancy and notice period, and whether suitable– Upfront-fees (charged by agent or landlord) total and reasons for– Repairs, retaliatory evictions and recourse to local authority for tenants with
negligent landlords– Where tenancies have ended acrimoniously
Help into home-ownership– Awareness of government schemes: NewBuy, Help to Buy– Reasons for not being offered a mortgage, help from parents
Social rented sector – Reasons considered for moving home– Households without access to the internet
Armed forces– Capturing type of service, regular/reserve, when served
Interview survey: new questions
Insulation – Refine wall insulation questions to collect proportion of walls in property that
are insulated – Stone construction type added to improve analysis on hard-to-treat walls
Renewable energy sources– Data collection on solar panels expanded to include surface area of panels– Add extra biomass categories to primary heating fuels
Boilers– Question added asking households whether boilers works
Carbon monoxide – Question added about whether a carbon monoxide detector in dwelling
Physical survey: new questions
The questions are removed from 2014-15 but will be included in a rotating module in future years subject to demand:
• Private landlord contact details– Name, address, telephone (for Private Landlords Survey, last run in 2010, no plan to
repeat in near future)
• Satisfaction with area questions– Have wellbeing questions now
– Not used by policy teams
• Energy efficiency– Work carried out to improve energy efficiency
– Which jobs do you think would help to make your home cheaper to heat and easier to keep warm
Questions removed in 2014-15 to make capacity
Key outputs
• Headline report published in February followed by detailed Annual Reports in July
• Available on the English Housing Survey pages of the DCLG website
• Anonymised data set available on UK Data Archive (UKDA) website
General trends in tenure
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
19
81
19
82
19
83
19
84
19
85
19
86
19
87
19
88
19
89
19
90
19
91
19
92
19
93
19
94
19
95
19
96
19
97
19
98
19
99
20
00
20
01
20
02
20
03
20
04
20
05
20
06
20
07
20
08
20
08
-09
20
09
-10
20
10
-11
20
11
-12
mill
ion
ho
us
eh
old
s
owner occupiers social renters private renters
Housing aspirations
• 20% of social renters expect to buy a home at some point in the future compared with 59% of private renters
Overcrowding
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12
pe
rce
nta
ge
owner occupiers social renters private renters all households
Under-occupation
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12
pe
rce
nta
ge
owner occupiers social renters private renters all households
Stock profile
54%
17%
9%
20%
Decent homes
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
pe
rce
nta
ge
owner occupied private rented social rented all tenures
Non-decent homes are more likely to be:
• Privately rented• Built prior to 1919• Converted flats• In a rural area
Non-decent homes are more likely to be occupied by people who:
• have lived in their home for a very short time OR a very long time
• have a low income
DECC
DCLG
RAW DATA RAW DATA & REPORTS REPORTS
UK DataService
Charities
Commercialcompanies
Researchorganisations
Generalpublic Media
Secure DataService Academics
DWPe.g. on welfare reform
DfEe.g. on child poverty
Home Officee.g. on nationality
Governmentdepartments
Local authorities
Students
RAW DATA RAW DATA & REPORTS
Analysts
Policy
Ministers
User Group
ONSe.g. on overcrowding
Defrae.g. on flood risk
Who uses the English Housing Survey?
25%
22%
17%
11%
9%
7%
5%5%
Commercial researcher
Central Gov researcher
Academic researcher
Non-profit organisationresearcher
Other general public query
Freedom of Information request
Local Gov researcher
Parliament Questions
25%
22%
17%
11%
9%
7%
5%5%
commercial researcher
central governmentresearcher
academic researcher
non-profit organisationresearcher
general public enquiries
Freedom of Informationrequest
local government researcher
Parliament Questions
EHS queries from external organisations
• Climate Adaptation– EHS data on buildings characteristics was used when investigating the potential damages to buildings during strong wind events. Researcher, Met Office
– EHS data collected from the physical survey was used to look at the proportion and number of households below street surface level split either geographically or by water company. Consultant
• Poverty– EHS data was used to re-examine the role of planning obligations in providing housing for those on the lowest incomes. Detailed analysis was made possible by using local authority and postcode variables. PhD student
• Welfare reform– EHS data on recent movers was used to support evidence in the increase in tenancy changes that the company was noticing. The researcher wanted to know whether the recent social reforms and ‘spare room subsidy’ played a part. Researcher, energy company