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COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE, COMMUNICATIVE APPROACH AND LANGUAGE FUNCTIONS
AICLE
What is communicative competence?
“Communicative competence may be defined as the ability to function in a truly communicative setting – that is, in a dynamic exchange in with linguistic competence must adapt itself to the total informational input, both linguistic and paralinguistic, of one or more interlocutors”
(Savignon, 1972)
Communicative Competence
Communicative Competence
Strategic Competen
ce
Discourse Competence
Sociolinguistic Comptence
Gramatical Competenc
e
Canale and Swain, 1980)
Communicative Competence Grammatical Competence
Linguistic code: grammar, spelling, pronunciation
Discourse Competence Coherence and cohesion
Strategic Competence Linguistic flexibility and negotiation of
meaning Sociolinguistic Competence
Appropriate to context and function
Language Competence (Bachman)
Language Competence
Organizational
Competence
Grammatical Competence
Textual Comptence
Pragmatic competence
Illocutionary Competence
Sociolinguistic
competence
Language Competence (Bachman) Grammatical Competence
Linguistic code: grammar, spelling, pronunciation
Textual Competence Coherence and cohesion
Illocutionary Competence Language functions
Sociolinguistic competence Adaptation to context: register,
paralinguistic features, cultural differences
Activity One: Which competence is involved?
Vicky, who is American, went to a party with her new Spanish friends. She was very upset when two of the boys at the party kissed her on the cheeks – she had never seen them before in her life!
Miguel was trying to reserve a hotel in France. He had a French-Spanish dictionary and carefully said the words in his best French: “ Je voudrais un chambre pour deux personnes.”
Activity One: Which competence is involved?
Steve’s mother has sent him a recipe for his favourite dish, but she forgot to put the amounts for the ingredients, and the instructions are all jumbled up.
Gunter is an Erasmus student who is giving a presentation in Spanish. Suddenly his mind has gone blank and he can’t remember the word for “president” in Spanish. Instead he says “el lider de un país.”
Communicative Approach
Communication is key Create opportunities for practicing the four basic
skills: Reading and Writing Speaking and Listening
Reflection on learning: Learning how to learn Functions
Sociolinguistic Competence: Cultural topics Pragmatics Paralinguistic Features
Language Functions
Language Functions: A specific reason to use language to meet a
specific need or desire Using language for a communicative
purpose Function and Intention
Task-based learning: Accomplishing a task that requires a
number of coordinated linguistic functions Encourages real communication
Examples of Language Functions Identify Describe Request Imagine Offer to do something Give advice Encourage Persuade
Sample Task: Going to a Restaurant with a friend
Function – Invite friend Function – Request a reservation Function – State preferences in reservation Function – Ask for directions Function – Greet friend Function – Order food Function – State preferences when ordering Function – Compliment/complain/thank Function – Request bill Function – Say goodbye to friend
Activity Two: Communicative Situations
Going to the doctor for a health problem Buying fruit at the supermarket Buying a train ticket Talking to a friend who has a problem Discussing a new film Going clothes shopping