Ministerie van Binnenlandse Zaken en KoninkrijksrelatiesMinisterie van Binnenlandse Zaken en Koninkrijksrelaties

Workshop Safety-ChainWorkshop Safety-Chain Rotterdam, 8-9 November 1999Rotterdam, 8-9 November 1999

A case study - The 1997 A case study - The 1997 Earthquake in Central ItalyEarthquake in Central Italy

Giuseppe RomanoGiuseppe Romano

& Gianmario Gnecchi& Gianmario Gnecchi

C.O.M. C.O.M. FolignoFoligno

A brief history about A brief history about the management style the management style

adopted in the adopted in the emergency following emergency following

the earthquakethe earthquakein 1997in 1997

G. Romano G. Romano

G. GnecchiG. Gnecchi

• The 26The 26thth of september 1997 an earthquake of september 1997 an earthquake with two major shakes has devastated large with two major shakes has devastated large areas of the Regions Umbria and Marche in areas of the Regions Umbria and Marche in Central Italy:Central Italy:- at 02:33 (- at 02:33 (magnitude 5.5, VIII° degree magnitude 5.5, VIII° degree M.C.S.M.C.S.))- at 11:40 (- at 11:40 (magnitude 5.8, VIII°-IX° degree magnitude 5.8, VIII°-IX° degree M.C.S.M.C.S.))

The eventThe event

• The rescue of victims and The rescue of victims and assistance to the population assistance to the population trying to save as much trying to save as much persons as possiblepersons as possible

• The immediate shelteringThe immediate sheltering, , protection and feeding of the protection and feeding of the populationpopulation

• The control of the The control of the operativity and functionality operativity and functionality of infrastructuresof infrastructures and and “essential services” with first “essential services” with first urgent interventionsurgent interventions

The main The main

objectives objectives

were:were:

• The stabilization of dangerous The stabilization of dangerous buildings and the control of buildings and the control of efficiency efficiency of the civil buildingsof the civil buildings

• The realization of temporary The realization of temporary villagesvillages with mobile prefab with mobile prefab homeshomes

• The safety and the security in The safety and the security in the temporary villages the temporary villages (heating (heating systems, electric appliances, systems, electric appliances, traffic control, checks for traffic control, checks for undesidered persons)undesidered persons)

• The recovery of the material The recovery of the material used as first response used as first response (tents, (tents, caravans)caravans)

• The progressive return to the The progressive return to the normal activities: normal activities: social / social / economical / productiveeconomical / productive

The national Chain of Command in big emergencies

C . O . M .M u l t i a g e n c y

O p e r a t i o nC e n t e r

C . O . M . C . O . M .

C . C . S .S e r v i c e s

C o o r d i n a t i o nC e n t e r

P R E F E C T U R E P R E F E C T U R E

I T A L I A NG O V E R N M E N TNational Level

Regional / ProvincialLevel

Local Level

The The C.O.M. of C.O.M. of Foligno in Foligno in 19971997

organized in organized in compliancecompliancewith the civil with the civil protection protection guideline guideline called called ““Augustus”Augustus”

C . C . S .R e s c u e S e r v i c e s

C o o r d i n a t i o n C e n t e r

T e c h n i c a l S t a f f O P E R A T I O NC E N T E R

A d m i n i s t r a t i v eS t a f f

S e c r e t a r y

F u n c t i o n 1T e c h n i c a l - S c i e n t i f i c a l

P l a n n i n g

F u n c t i o n 2H e a l t h a n d

S o c i a l A s s i s t a n c e

F u n c t i o n 3M a s s - M e d i a

e I n f o r m a t i o n

F u n c t i o n 4V o l u n t e e r s

F u n c t i o n 5M a t e r i a l s a n d R e s o u r c e s

F u n c t i o n 6T r a n s p o r t , r o a d t r a f f i c

F u n c t i o n 7T e l e c o m m u n i c a t i o n s

F u n c t i o n 8P u b l i c U t i l i t i e s

S e r v i c e s

F u n c t i o n 9S t a t i s t i c a l d a t a o n

l o s s e s

F u n c t i o n 1 0O p e r a t i o n a l S t r u c t u r e s

S . a . R . ( S e a r c h a n d R e s c u e )

F u n c t i o n 1 1L o c a l G o v e r n m e n t s

( a g e n c i e s )

F u n c t i o n 1 2S u p p o r t t o t h e p o p u l a t i o n

l o g i s t i c s f o r e v a c u e e s

F u n z i o n e 1 3F o o d a n d g a r m e n t s

C . O . M .F O L I G N O

C h i e f

M A J O R S O FM U N I C I P A L I T I E S

I N V O L V E DI N T H E E M E R G E N C Y

P R E F E C T U R E O F P E R U G I A

C.O.M. - Management

Operation Center: main entrance/parking

Foligno 1997

Operation Center: Multi Agency Room

Foligno 1997 C.O.M. - Management

Operation Center: Director/Chief Office

Foligno 1997 C.O.M. - Management

TheThe“numbers” “numbers”

of the of the Foligno’sFoligno’s

COMCOM

• 1212 Municipalities Municipalities • 90.00090.000 inhabitants inhabitants• 14.00014.000 evacuees hosted in the evacuees hosted in the

temporary villages/areas temporary villages/areas • 111111 sheltering areas with tents sheltering areas with tents

and/or roulottesand/or roulottes• 1414 full operating “camp kitchen” full operating “camp kitchen”• 1111 base-camps of the different base-camps of the different

emergency organizationsemergency organizations• 6060 temporary villages with prefab temporary villages with prefab

homeshomes

Foligno 1997

C.O.M.C.O.M.StrategicStrategicactivityactivityin Folignoin Foligno

• General StrategyGeneral Strategy: To operate mainly in a role of : To operate mainly in a role of support and coordination of the Majorssupport and coordination of the Majors

• Operational ActivitiesOperational Activities::by mean of the Multiagency Operational Roomby mean of the Multiagency Operational Room

• Management ActivitiesManagement Activities: with the technical and : with the technical and administrative staff and the 13 Funcions administrative staff and the 13 Funcions

C.O.M. - Resources

National Fire Corp: Nocera Umbra Base Camp

Foligno 1997

Foligno 1997

National Fire Corp: Polylogistic Fire Truck

C.O.M. - Resources

Foligno 1997

National Fire Corp: Polylogistic Fire Truck

C.O.M. - Resources

Foligno 1997

National Fire Corp: Foligno Base Camp

C.O.M. - Resources

National Fire Corp: Foligno Base CampHelicopters’ Mobile Hangar

Foligno 1997

C.O.M. - Resources

National Fire Corp: Foligno Base CampHelicopters’ Mobile Hangar

Foligno 1997

C.O.M. - Resources

National Fire Corp: Foligno Base Camp Heliport

Foligno 1997

C.O.M. - Resources

Red Cross: Foligno Base Camp

Foligno 1997

C.O.M. - Resources

Red Cross: Colfiorito Base Camp

Foligno 1997

C.O.M. - Resources

Red Cross: Mobile Hospital

Foligno 1997

C.O.M. - Resources

Volunteers

Foligno 1997

C.O.M. - Resources

C.O.M. - Operations

Foligno 1997

• MITIGATION:Building Stabilization

C.O.M. - Operations

• MITIGATION:Building Stabilization

Foligno 1997

C.O.M. - AssistanceAssistance

Foligno 1997

First recovery in tents or caravans

C.O.M. - AssistanceAssistance

Foligno 1997

First recovery in tents or caravans

C.O.M. - AssistanceAssistance

Foligno 1997

Temporary villages in prefab homes

C.O.M. - AssistanceAssistance

Foligno 1997

Temporary sheltering in prefab homes

C.O.M. - AssistanceAssistance

Temporary sheltering in prefab homes

Foligno 1997

C.O.M. - AssistanceAssistance

Temporary sheltering in prefab homes

Foligno 1997

C.O.M. - AssistanceAssistance

Temporary sheltering in prefab homes

Foligno 1997

Aspects that caused Aspects that caused difficulties in managing the difficulties in managing the emergency:emergency:

• Continuous shaking that lasted for Continuous shaking that lasted for several monthsseveral months

• Extension of the territory involvedExtension of the territory involved• Distribution of popoulation in small Distribution of popoulation in small

villages spread out on the territory villages spread out on the territory • Huge amount of storical, cultural Huge amount of storical, cultural

and artistical sites and buildingsand artistical sites and buildings

Aspects that helped to reduce Aspects that helped to reduce the difficutlies in managing the difficutlies in managing the emergency :the emergency :

• Few damage to the persons (only 12 Few damage to the persons (only 12 deaths)deaths)

• Few damages to animals (very lttle or Few damages to animals (very lttle or limited problems in public health and limited problems in public health and hygienehygiene

• the network of communications the network of communications structures with only minor damages structures with only minor damages (roads, bridges, …)(roads, bridges, …)

• Public utilities services fully operating Public utilities services fully operating (electric power, gas, water, telephone (electric power, gas, water, telephone and telecommunication and telecommunication

• Immediate response of the civil Immediate response of the civil protection structuresprotection structures

• central position of the area compared central position of the area compared with the rest of Italywith the rest of Italy

• this helped the arrival of the resources. this helped the arrival of the resources. • Enough resources still available on siteEnough resources still available on site

Key factors of the

earthquake

emergency in 1997

Thank YouThank Youfor Your kind Attentionfor Your kind Attention

Giuseppe RomanoGiuseppe RomanoGianmario GnecchiGianmario Gnecchi