CLOUD COMPUTING:THE GAME CHANGER

Focus Of the Current Presentation1.What is Cloud

Computing..?2.A brief history of Cloud Computing.3.Basic Terminologies Of the Cloud4.Structure and Functioning of the Cloud.5.Present Scope Of the Cloud.6.Its future potentials and uses7.Companies investing heavily on the cloud.

What is Cloud Computing…?

The CloudThe Cloud is an archaic term

used to describe the internet in

its early phases of

development .Today the internet is all pervasive

and all encompassing just like the geographical

cloud.Here the end user gets access to the

software,hardware and all other

such types of services and

apps.

These services are provided to the user on a subscription

basis,just like the mobile

service providers who provide

talktime to the user on the basis and type of your

subscription.

The simplest example of cloud

computing services is your G-

mail account,where you don’t have

worry about how your mails are

stored or accessed by the

servers hence you only use data abstraction

A similar parallelism can

be drawn with the electricity grid where the user

only receives the end product of

the transmission line he is not

concerned with how the power is generated or how it is transmitted.

The underlying concept of cloud computing dates back to the 1960s, when John McCarthy opined that "computation may someday be organised as a public utility." Almost all the modern-day characteristics of cloud computing (elastic provision, provided as a utility, online, illusion of infinite supply), the comparison to the electricity industry and the use of public, private, government, and community forms, were thoroughly explored in Douglas Parkhill's 1966 book, The Challenge of the Computer Utility. Other scholars have shown that cloud computing's roots go all the way back to the 1950s when scientist Herb Grosch postulated that the entire world would operate on dumb terminals powered by about 15 large data centers.

The actual term "cloud" borrows from telephony in that telecommunications companies, who until the 1990s offered primarily dedicated point-to-point data circuits, began offering Virtual Private Network (VPN) services with comparable quality of service but at a much lower cost. By switching traffic to balance utilisation as they saw fit, they were able to utilise their overall network bandwidth more effectively. The cloud symbol was used to denote the demarcation point between that which was the responsibility of the provider and that which was the responsibility of the user. Cloud computing extends this boundary to cover servers as well as the network infrastructure.

A brief history of the cloud……….

Basic Terminologies………..A cloud client consists of

computer hardware and/or computer software that relies

on cloud computing for application delivery and that is in essence useless without it.

Examples include some computers, phones and other devices, operating systems,

and browser

Cloud application services or "Software as a Service (SaaS)" deliver software as a service over the Internet, eliminating the need to install and run the application on

the customer's own computers and simplifying maintenance and support.

Cloud platform services, also known as platform as a service (PaaS), deliver a computing platform

and/or solution stack as a service, often consuming cloud infrastructure and sustaining cloud applications.It facilitates deployment of

applications without the cost and complexity of buying and managing the underlying hardware and

software layersCloud infrastructure services, also known as "infrastructure as a service" (IaaS), deliver computer

infrastructure – typically a platform virtualisation environment – as a service, along with raw (block) storage and networking. Rather than purchasing servers, software, data-center space or network

equipment, clients instead buy those resources as a fully outsourced service.

The servers layer consists of computer hardware and/or computer software products that are

specifically designed for the delivery of cloud services, including multi-core processors, cloud-

specific operating systems and combined offerings

Platform as a service (PaaS) is a category of cloud computing services that provide a computing platform and a solution stack as a service. In the classic layered model of cloud computing, the PaaS layer lies between the SaaS and the IaaS layers.

PaaS offerings facilitate the deployment of applications without the cost and complexity of buying and managing the underlying hardware and software and provisioning hosting capabilities,providing all of the facilities required to support the complete life cycle of building and delivering web applications and services entirely available from the Internet.

PaaS offerings may include facilities for application design, application development, testing, deployment and hosting as well as application services such as team collaboration, web service integration and marshalling, database integration, security, scalability, storage, persistence, state management, application versioning, application instrumentation and developer community facilitation. These services may be provisioned as an integrated solution over the web.

PaaS

Software as a service sometimes referred to as "on-demand software," is a software delivery model in which software and its associated data are hosted centrally (typically in the (Internet) cloud) and are typically accessed by users using a thin client, normally using a web browser over the Internet.

SaaS has become a common delivery model for most business applications, including accounting, collaboration, customer relationship management (CRM), enterprise resource planning (ERP), invoicing, human resource management (HRM), content management (CM) and service desk management. SaaS has been incorporated into the strategy of all leading enterprise software companies.

Basic terminologies Contd……

IaaSInfrastructure as a service the term forms the outer layer of the cloud services here the hardware is provided to the clients through the internet,the hardware like any cloud software is also a shared resource with multiple tenancy, and the supplier charges the user according to the scale and period of time for which the service has been used.For example the google cloud print is such a Iaas where the user can print from any of the company’s printer using the cloud.Thus its like leasing the infrastructure on a supply and demand basis.

Cloud architecture,the systems architecture of the software systems involved in the delivery of cloud computing, typically involves multiple cloud components communicating with each other over a loose coupling mechanism such as a messaging queue.The various layers like the PaaS,IaaS,SaaS communicate with each other and the client primarily using the internet as the communication medium.The general model of the cloud can be changed to suit the needs of the clients depending upon this we have several types of cloud models

Cloud Architecture…….

Public cloudPublic cloud describes cloud computing in the traditional mainstream sense, whereby resources are dynamically provisioned to the general public on a fine-grained, self-service basis over the Internet, via web applications/web services, from an off-site third-party provider who bills on a fine-grained utility computing basis.[

Community cloudCommunity cloud shares infrastructure between several organizations from a specific community with common concerns (security, compliance, jurisdiction, etc.), whether managed internally or by a third-party and hosted internally or externally. The costs are spread over fewer users than a public cloud (but more than a private cloud), so only some of the benefits of cloud computing are realized.Hybrid cloudHybrid cloud is a composition of two or more clouds (private, community, or public) that remain unique entities but are bound together, offering the benefits of multiple deployment models. It can also be defined as a multiple cloud systems that are connected in a way that allows programs and data to be moved easily from one deployment system to another. Private cloudPrivate cloud is infrastructure operated solely for a single organization, whether managed internally or by a third-party and hosted internally or externally.They have attracted criticism because users "still have to buy, build, and manage them" and thus do not benefit from lower up-front capital costs and less hands-on management, essentially "lacking the economic model that makes cloud computing such an intriguing concept".

Types of Cloud

Forrester, an analyst firm predicts that the cloud will generate greater revenue potential which can clearly be seen from Amazon Web Services, the undisputed commodity IaaS revenue leader. Investment bank, UBS reported that AWS earning statement could jump from $550 million in 2010 to $750 million in 2011. This year, AWS reveals that its S3 storage service hosts doubled as it now hosts more than 262 billion objects.

Present Cloud market…………..

Microsoft’s Windows Azure platform is at the center of its cloud efforts that has attracted a number of customers. Among them are Toyota, the Associated Press and Intuit.On the first half of 2011, PaaS providers address the concern about lack of control and lack of choice. Based from the survey, “Complexity” is the major issue that PaaS seeks to eliminate; followed by Interoperability” and “Lock-in.”

Some reported that SaaS has inspired Everything as a Service, where any IT process or application or business function is available as a service.  Gartner estimated SaaS to reach $10.7 billion in 2011. Another analyst firm, IDC, predicts a $72.9 billion cloud services market by 2015.

Cloud storage is defined as the independent storage services in the cloud and is the most widely deployed cloud services.  It is currently being used to backup data, although it also serves as primary file- or content-storage options for web applications, like for Amazon’s Simple Storage Service (S3).Cloud storage is risk-free as data is already stored elsewhere without the need to be accessed by production applications. However, it is not really good at primary storage as it needs high levels of features, network performance and availabilityNasuni is a company that is making a name in primary cloud storage. It uses a virtual gateway to route files securely and reliably to cloud storage infrastructure from a number of providers.

The innovation on cloud storage will focus on primary storage for enterprise applications in the cloud. As vendors such as HP and Dell have storage businesses and public clouds, they could benefit from leveraging their storage expertise to make primary cloud storage a reality.However, companies deciding for primary cloud storage must innovate on data-transport front. It won’t be attractive for customers if they rely only on the public Internet for uploading and downloading primary data.Cloud storage providers will also push for new privacy regulations.

Recently Michael Dell the founder of DELL computers has said that DELL will venture into the cloud computing market with cloud storage.

Apple has recently launched icloud,which provides all three forms of cloud computing IaaS,PaaS,SaaS.

icloud is a free platform for apple users only.

Then we have Google which has recently ventured in this space with Google App Engine and Google Music which is a direct rival to the iTunes. Google is developing these tools for its web space and also its android market.

The discussion will be incomplete if we don’t take into account the open source softwares,RedHat the most famous vendor of Linux has decided to develop a cloud system.

Recently a group of students from UC Berkeley,California have tapped into the vast resources of the cloud to develop a search engine called “KLOUDLESS”

IBM has also revived some of its former glory by entering the cloud computing arena and success fully developing better technology compared to its peers

Some noteworthy names:

Key Features:

Empowerment

Multiple-Tenancy

Scalability

Maintenance

Reliability and Security

The Future Belongs to IndiaIndia is virtually an untapped market in the field of Cloud computing although it has one of the largest IT industry in the world.In a developing nation like India cloud computing will come as a boon,since most people can’t afford the hardware required to set up a network or even a computer they need to be dependent on the cloud to provide them with the resources necessary.Most rural colleges ,schools,will be able to experience the best of the World Wide Web through the Cloud.It is estimated that about 41% of Indian will live in the cities by 2025,compared to the present 30%.We can see that this technology will penetrate every aspect of our daily lives just as the mobile phones have done in the past.India has the largest number of mobile phone users and soon can dream to be the largest provider and user of the Cloud computing services.According to the recent Cloud Expo ,the engineers have expressed great confidence in India as being one of its strongest and largest emerging markets.They have also discussed that albeit the technology is the future of IT and presently its new Buzzword,we must be cautious that it becomes an open sesame to furthering technological advancement and not End up becoming a perfect recipe for another “DOT-COM” bubble.

This was brought to you by:

1.Rupak Chakraborty(IIT2011031).2.Suryadip Kumar(IIT2011024).3.Chintu Kumar(IIT2011023).4.Nitish Jain(IIT2011025).5.Manish Yadav(IEC2011078)6.Ankit Goswami(IIT2011061)7.Siyaram Malav(IIT2011063)