BIOLOGY—THE STUDY OF LIFE

How have organisms “solved the problems” of living?

WHAT IS LIFE?

Which of these are living? Which are nonliving?

• How can we tell? BRAINSTORM!

WHAT IS LIFE?

Which of these are living? Which are nonliving?

WHAT IS LIFE?

Which of these are living? Which are nonliving?

WHAT IS LIFE?

Which of these are living? Which are nonliving?

WHAT IS LIFE?

Which of these are living? Which are nonliving?

HOW DO YOU KNOW? ARE YOU SURE?

HOW DO SCIENTISTS KNOW? ARE THEY SURE?

All living things, “organisms”, share certain challenges or ‘problems of living’ that separate them from nonliving things. They may or may not be visible.

These “Characteristics of Life” are used to classify things as living or nonliving

Scientists recognize seven properties

Imagine what characteristics you share with a gecko!

SEVEN CHARACTERISTICS OF LIFE

MRS GREN

SEVEN PROPERTIES OF LIFE

Movement Reproduction Sensitivity Growth &Development Respiration Excretion Nutrition

How do organisms solve each of these ‘problems of living’ in order to stay alive?

MOVEMENT

Many living things are observed moving, like this cheetah running

But you don’t see plants running around, so how do they move?

All living things move blood or fluids within the organism

There is movement in each individual cell- it’s called ‘cytoplasmic streaming’

REPRODUCTION All living things can reproduce

(sexually or asexually). Living things produce offspring, or more of their own kind, from one generation to the next

living things pass on traits to their offspring through genes. This is called heredity

SENSITIVITY

All living things respond and adjust to the environment

GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT All living things grow (becoming larger) and

develop (change and become more complex) living things can repair damaged parts

Extraordinary Animals In The Womb, National Geographic

Watch frog development!

RESPIRATION All life processes require energy All living things carry out respiration to turn

food into energy to run life processes Occurs in all living things at a cellular level

Metabolism is the sum of all these chemical reactions in an organism

EXCRETION

All living things have methods of getting rid of waste products

NUTRITION All living things have a continual need for

food and nutrients

EXAMPLE IMAGES

Match the image to one of the seven properties / characteristics of life and explain how it depicts this characteristic.

GROWTHAND

DEVELOPMENT

EXAMPLE IMAGES

Match the image to one of the seven properties / characteristics of life and explain how it depicts this characteristic.

REPRODUCTION

EXAMPLE IMAGES

Match the image to one of the seven properties / characteristics of life and explain how it depicts this characteristic.

RESPIRATION

EXAMPLE IMAGES

Match the image to one of the seven properties / characteristics of life and explain how it depicts this characteristic.

SENSITIVITY

EXAMPLE IMAGES Match the image to one of the seven

properties / characteristics of life and explain how it depicts this characteristic.

MOVEMENT

NUTRITION

EXAMPLE IMAGES Match the image to one of the seven

properties / characteristics of life and explain how it depicts this characteristic.

GROWTH AND

DEVELOPMENT

EXAMPLE IMAGES Match the image to one of the seven

properties / characteristics of life and explain how it depicts this characteristic.

MOVEMENT

NUTRITION

EXAMPLE IMAGES

Match the image to one of the seven properties / characteristics of life and explain how it depicts this characteristic.

EXCRETION

EXAMPLE IMAGES

Match the image to one of the seven properties / characteristics of life and explain how it depicts this characteristic.

GROWTH AND

DEVELOPMENT

EXAMPLE IMAGES

Match the image to one of the seven properties / characteristics of life and explain how it depicts this characteristic. REPRODUCTION

EXAMPLE IMAGES

Match the image to one of the seven properties / characteristics of life and explain how it depicts this characteristic.

NUTRITION

EXAMPLE IMAGES

Match this image to one of the seven properties / characteristics of life and explain how it depicts this characteristic.

HOMEOSTASIS

All living things maintain a constant internal environment in order to function properly Organisms respond to changes in their external

environment, and their internal processes adjust accordingly

MODEL IMAGE AND CAPTION

This picture of a woman sweatingafter exercise and drinking water to replace the water she lostillustrateshomeostasis— the maintenance of constant internal state in a changing environment. As the woman exercised in the hot sun her body temperature rose above its normal state so she began to perspire in order to lower her body temperature back to its ‘normal resting state’. Likewise she lost water as she sweated, so she drinks water to rehydrate (regain her fluid balance) and replace the water she lost when perspiring. (image URL: http://www…)

OTHER CHARACTERISTICS:DEATH AND COMPLEXITY

Death—All living things cease to live when internal or external conditions become unfavorable for life

Complexity—Most living things show system organization, interrelationship, and maintenance

HEREDITY

All living things pass on traits to their offspring through genes that are passed from parent to offspring each generation

CELLULAR ORGANIZATION

All living things are composed of one or more cell Highly organized, tiny structures with thin

coverings called membranes Smallest unit capable of all life functions Simple to complex cells with common basic

structure Unicellular and multicellular

Cell Theory: Cells are the smallest unit

capable of having life All living things have cells All cells come from previous cells

EXTENSION

Origins of Life? Synthetic Life? Virus…living or nonliving? Life without death?