Upload
patty-ramsey
View
107
Download
0
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Citation preview
A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PCFifth Edition
Chapter 1
Introducing Hardware
2 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
You Will Learn…
That a computer requires both hardware and software to work
About the many different hardware components inside and connected to a computer
3 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
Hardware Needs Software to Work Hardware
Physical components of a computer
Visible part of a system
Software Set of instructions that directs hardware to
accomplish a task
The intelligence
4 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
Functions of a Computer
5 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
Binary Communication Between Hardware and Software
6 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
Binary Number System
7 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
PC Hardware Components
Outside computer case: input/output devices
Inside the case: processing and storage CPU – most important component
Requirements of a hardware device Method for CPU to communicate with it
Software to instruct and control it
Electricity to power it
8 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
Hardware Used for Input and Output Connects to computer case by ports (eg, serial,
parallel, USB, game, keyboard, mouse) Popular input devices:
Keyboard Mouse
Popular output devices: Monitor Printer
9 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
Ports
10 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
Input Devices
11 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
Output Devices
12 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
Hardware Inside the Case
13 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
Motherboard Components
Processing CPU (most important) Chip set
Temporary storage RAM Cache memory
Electrical system Power supply
connections
Communication with other devices
Traces Expansion slots System clock
Programming/setup data Flash ROM CMOS setup chip
14 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
The Motherboard
15 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
The Motherboard (continued)
16 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
The CPU
17 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
The Chip Set
Controls most activities on the motherboard
Includes several device controllers
USB controller
Memory controller
IDE controller
18 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
The Chip Set (continued)
19 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
Storage Devices
Temporary (primary storage, or memory)
Temporarily holds data and instructions while processing them
Faster to access than permanent storage
Permanent (secondary storage)
Data and instructions must be copied into primary storage (RAM) for processing
20 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
Primary and Secondary Storage
21 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
Primary Storage Devices
Memory, or RAM, located on motherboard and other circuit boards
Volatile versus nonvolatile (or ROM) memory
Types of boards that hold memory chips
SIMMs
DIMMs
RIMMs
22 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
RAM Chips
23 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
Types of RAM Modules
24 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
Secondary Storage Devices
Hard drives
CD-ROM drives
DVD drives
Zip drives
Floppy drives
25 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
Hard Drive
26 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
EIDE Technology
Used by most hard drives, CD-ROM drives, and DVD drives
Can accommodate up to four EIDE devices on one system
27 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
IDE Connectors on a Motherboard
28 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
IDE Connectors on a Motherboard (continued)
29 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
IDE Connectors on a Motherboard
30 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
Hard Drive’s Power Supply
31 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
Floppy Drive Connection
32 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
Floppy Drive Connection (continued)
33 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
CD-ROM Drive Connection
34 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
Motherboard Components Used for Communication Among Devices
The data bus
System of pathways used for communication and the protocol and methods used for transmission
35 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
The Bus and Bus Lines
36 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
Data Bus
37 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
System Clock
38 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
Clock Speed
Of motherboard
Measured in megahertz (MHz)
Of CPU
Measured in gigahertz (GHz)
39 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
Expansion Slots
40 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
Types of Expansion Slots
41 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
Interface (Expansion) Cards
42 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
Interface (Expansion) Cards (continued)
43 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
The Electrical System
Power supply
Most important component of computer’s electrical system
Converts/reduces electricity to voltage the computer can handle
Runs a fan directly from electrical output voltage to cool inside of computer case
44 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
The Electrical System (continued)
45 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
The Electrical System (continued)
46 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
Instructions Stored on the Motherboard ROM BIOS (most are flash ROM)
System BIOS
Startup BIOS
CMOS setup
Motherboard BIOS supports ACPI, APM, and Plug and Play technologies
47 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
ROM BIOS Chip
48 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
Motherboard Configuration Settings CMOS chip
Stores setup (configuration) information
Powered by a battery on motherboard when power is off
Setup information can also be set by jumpers and DIP switches
49 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
CMOS Configuration Chip
50 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
Setting Jumpers
51 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
Using DIP Switches
52 A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
Summary
Introduction to hardware components of a computer system
Initial insight into how hardware works