Mader's Concepts in Biology, First Edition

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Sylvia S. Mader

Chapter 5

Question 1

What is the approximate percent of the solar radiation that strikes the Earth that is absorbed in the process of photosynthesis?

A. 90%

B. 50%

C. 30%

D. 10%

E. 1%

Question 2

Which of the following statements is not true of organisms with respect to energy?

A. organisms acquire energy

B. organisms store energy

C. organisms create energy

D. organisms release energy

E. organisms transform energy

Question 3

The capacity to do work is called:

A. metabolism

B. energy

C. heat

D. calories

E. conversion

Question 4

Which of the following is not one of the specific forms of energy?

A. radiant

B. chemical

C. mechanical

D. heat

E. electrical

Question 5

Which of the following types of energy is best associated with motion?

A. mechanical

B. chemical

C. electrical

D. nuclear

E. radiant

Question 6

Which of the following terms would be linked to the phrase "dispersed energy"?

A. electrical energy

B. heat

C. chemical energy

D. mechanical energy

E. radiant energy

Question 7

Of the following, which has the lowest quality of energy and therefore has the least ability to do work?

A. electrical

B. mechanical

C. heat

D. chemical

E. nuclear

Question 8

Potential energy is the energy of action.

A. true

B. false

Question 9

Which of the following terms best describes stored energy?

A. kinetic energy

B. heat energy

C. mechanical energy

D. transformation energy

E. potential energy

Question 10

As a rock rolls down a hill which of the following statements would best explain what is occurring?

A. potential energy increases as heat energy increases

B. kinetic energy decreases as potential energy increases

C. kinetic energy decreases as heat energy increases

D. potential energy decreases as kinetic energy increases

E. potential energy and kinetic energy do not change

Question 11

The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of water one degree Celsius is referred to as:

A. endergonic

B. a calorie

C. entropy

D. a kilocalorie

E. exergonic

Question 12

The first law of thermodynamics states that:

A. one usable form of energy can be completely converted into a more useable form

B. one usable form of energy can be completely converted into another useable form

C. energy can be created and destroyed

D. energy cannot be created or destroyed

E. energy cannot be transformed

Question 13

The second law of thermodynamics states that:

A. one usable form of energy cannot be completely converted into a more useable form

B. one usable form of energy can be completely converted into another useable form

C. energy can be created and destroyed

D. energy cannot be created or destroyed

E. energy cannot be transformed

Question 14

A scientist claims to have created a machine that can run forever, therefore producing as much energy as it consumes. This claim violates:

A. the first law of thermodynamicsB. the second law of thermodynamicsC. the third law of thermodynamicsD. the law of endergonic reactionsE. the law of exergonic reactions

Question 15

Which of the following terms best describes entropy?

A. order

B. disorder

C. potential energy

D. kinetic energy

E. heat energy

Question 16

For a plant to carry out the process of photosynthesis, which of the following reactants is needed?

A. oxygen and light

B. carbon dioxide and light

C. carbon dioxide, light, and water

D. water and light

E. oxygen, light, and water

Question 17

ATP is used as the currency in cells because it:

A. is a large molecule

B. carries a positive charge

C. is made from glucose

D. contains energy stored in the phosphate bonds

E. is made from lipids

Question 18

ATP is made up of:

A. adenine and one phosphate group

B. adenine and two phosphate groups

C. adenine and three phosphate groups

D. adenine, ribose, and one phosphate

E. adenine, ribose, and three phosphates

Question 19

Chemical reactions that only occur if there is an input of energy are referred to as:

A. exergonic reactions

B. endergonic reactions

C. kinetic reactions

D. coupled reactions

E. input reactions

Question 20

A scientist is studying a reaction which gives off energy. Which of the following types of reactions is he or she studying?

A. exergonic

B. endergonic

C. kinetic

D. coupled

E. an output reaction