Welcome... to Google IO 11; ooops...sorry,

GTUG welcomes you to the Android launch

Friday, May 6, 2011

Location: San Francisco, California

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nah!! just Kidding...

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Google Uganda - Android Developer LaunchKampala, Uganda

May, 2011

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Victor Miclovich, Android developer + enthusiast

twitter:@vicmiclovich

http://cwezi.com

http://mspoti.com

http://storyspaces.org

http://thekuyuproject.org

Android Awesomeness

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Introducing Android Devices

Fun and Easy to use

communication on the go

Online

You won’t get lost

You can get rid of keys

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Fun and Easy to useCool graphics

lots of power under the hood for gaming

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Key-lessnesslose the key pad... new devices designed to be touch-

screen compatible; Android takes it a notch higher: multitouch

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CommunicationGmail

And obviously:Web browser,

Basic BT,etc.

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Online connectivity...

Android OS is designed to enable device connectivity to the networked world

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A-O-B

Lots of power under the hood >>> in comes “App development”

very true... Android OS lays out hardware requirements and conditions that phone manufacturers should follow in order to have well optimized operations

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Application Development$> Assumptions

$> Framework

$> Piecing the UI together

$> Basic networking

$> Services (RESTful web service intro)

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Assumptions

You’ve read the handout or have it close by to guide you...

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About Android }-*->F-work

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What is a mobile app?

a set of user interfaces arranged to form a pattern

these patterns tend to accomplish tasks!!!

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How to design an app?

Start with an idea

Research the idea (ask around: UCD)

Concept it (use storyboards, write! write!)

Prototype it

Start coding

Iterate (repeat step 1 or 2)

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Isn’t that easy?

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How??????

how?

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Android UIs

2 ways of working magic with apps-->>

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One way is...

through a declarative approach...

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Declarative user interface<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent"> <TextView android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:text="@string/splash" /></LinearLayout>

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another way is to...

use a programmatic approach...

Google advises programmers to choose option 1)why?

->It is cleaner + keeps your code easy to maintain->In case you make app changes, it is easy to do

examples:*swing*gwt

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what to do?

You’ll use both approaches

Declarative approach to describe how something looks or appears such what a button should look like

Programmatic approach to give life to the UI component such as a button

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user interface design...

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Android UID

Views

Layouts

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Views

Everything you see through your screen is a view

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Examples of Views

TextView (text)

ButtonView (buttons)

ListView (lists)

EditView (text boxes)

ImageView (image)

MapView (to view maps)

WebView (embedded web + webkit rendering)

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Layouts

Organize views

group view components together

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Examples Layouts

LinearLayouts

TableLayouts

FrameLayout

RelativeLayout

AbsoluteLayout (using (x,y) coord. system)

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Notes

Layouts are resizable (expand with content)

expand with the different device sizes (better graphics rendering that supports)

Layouts are customizable

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What else in Android?

Services that will run in the background

Intents and broadcasting (that support in-app notification and instructions)

lots of crazy cool stuff... just need to dig deeper than 45 minutes! lol!

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Prerequisites

Java programming

Read the handout

watch out for things like the application life cycle, etc.

Ask questions at the end

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Code

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Layout parameters

Specify the way layouts appear

Basically in your xml files:

android:layout_height = “ <some height>”

android:layout_width = “ <some width>”

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¿Tip!

When looking thru’ documentation, start with the specific less abstract view/class or layout then look at what it inherits from parent class

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App components (java classes)

Activities

BroadcastReceivers

Services

ContentProviders

analogous to a screen

respond to broadcast intents/msgs

tasks that run in the background

apps can share data

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Activities

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an activity (-ies)

a UI screen or what appears before the user as whole

An Activity is also a java class

Activities can also be

faceless

in a floating window

just return a value (boolean or other)

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Intents

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Intents

Intents help describe what you want done (verb words + objects)

Pick photo from album

Delete music

Make a call

Android matches Intent with Activity (object) that can best provide a service

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Note

Activities and BroadcastReceivers describe what intents they can service in their IntentFilters through the

AndroidManifest.xml file

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BroadcastReceivers

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BroadcastReceivers

components designed to respond to Broadcast Intents

also, apps can create and broadcast their own Intents as well.

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Servers

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Services

These are components that run in the background...

A music player keeps running even when you choose to start looking through your gallery

You can type a message while listening to music

Download a pdf while browsing Youtube

etc.

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ContentProviders

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ContentProviders

A ContentProvider enables sharing of data across different apps

some apps can poll the address book

an app could use your gallery photos, etc.

Provides a single unified API for

CRUD operations

Content is represented by a URI and MIME type

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Other issues of great importance...

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Persisting data

Some apps need to cache or store data inside of the phone (email, messages, attachments via bluetooth, etc.)

Android provides a couple of ways to store your data

as a flat file

in a database (SQLite)

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Note

There are lots of useful APIs to interact with the database, file system, etc.

Android is powerful and quite large

Look around to see what you can do with it...

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Going forward...

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Packaging

Android apps are packaged in .apk files

Everything needed to run your app is found in the apk

It also includes your application manifest file (where permissions for activities and other predefined settings are saved up) {look at handout for more info in app}

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Resources

Android defines resources an app uses in the res/ folderres/layout (contains layout rules)

res/drawable (for drawing)

res/anim (for animations your app might need)

res/values (externalized values for strings, colors, styles and lots more)

res/xml (general xml files that are needed at run time such as a settings.xml file, etc.)

res/raw (binary files like sound are defined in there)

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Assets

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Assets

A lot similar to resources (from slides before)

Any kind of file can be stored (make sure it doesn’t complete the SD card memory or other)

Differences are:

assets are read only

InputStream class (methods) access assets

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The Networked world...

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so much to say...

Trending way of development

use an API to expose a service your mobile app can use

Your app can persist data in a database if network is unavailable

Apps are so much fun when connected to the Internet

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The End...More might come in the future,

http://cwezi.com/trainings (coming soon)

vicmiclovich{at}gmail.com

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