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Original cost estimate in 1987 was $100 million and completion in 5 years. Actual completion in 2003 and cost $274 million. Mrs. Disney died at the age of 98 (1997), 10 years after her initial donation ($50 million) but before she could see her tribute completed.
Original cost estimate in 1957 was $7 million and completion date was 26 January 1963 The project was completed 10 years late and over-budget by more than 14 times.
Fixed Requirements
EstimatedResource
EstimatedTime
Guess Driven
Waterfall
changes because of
better understanding of requirement
ChangesBecause of market and technology
Measure twice, cut once
EstimatedFeatures
FixedResource
FixedTime
PriorityDriven
Agile
changes because of better
understanding of requirement
ChangesBecause of market
and technology
Less important features may
not be implemented
Less important features may be postponed
Big rocks in first
Requirements Design Development Testing Deploy
Design
Develop
TestIntegrate
Deployment
Design
Develop
TestIntegrate
Deployment Design
Develop
TestIntegrate
Deployment
Return $
Time
Why Agile has less risk and better return?
Test Driven Development
(code with test in mind)
User stories
Business value oriented, not tech
Pair programmingLess QA, Better quality, cross functional training