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Brenda Achiro (WASHTech country facilitator) presented an update of the initiatives to sell and create awareness around TAF and the entire WASHTech project since the project inception.
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EU-FP7
2011-2013 (36 months)
Burkina Faso
Ghana
Uganda
Country Partners Main roles
Burkina Faso WSA Research, embedding-learning-communication
WaterAid-BF Pilot technology assessments
Ghana TREND Embedding-learning-communication
WaterAid-Ghana Pilot technology assessments
KNUST Research
Uganda NETWAS Uganda Research, embedding-learning-communication
WaterAid-Uganda Pilot technology assessments
Europe IRC Consortium management, learning alliances/ embedding,
communications & information dissemination, coordination
Europe WaterAid UK Pilot technology assessments
Europe Cranfield University Situation analysis, monitoring and impact assessment
Europe SKAT Technology Assessment Framework; Recommendations sector
strengthening
Achieving water and sanitation
MDGs in many African countries
South of Sahara uncertain
Role of affordable, sustainable
technologies recognised
Good range of innovative WASH
technologies available
National strategies focus on the
conventional
No systems to validate new
technologies and assess real
potential
Photo: Jo Smet, IRC
Photo: Henk Holtslag, Connect Int
Overall: More effective investment in new technologies
Specific:
Development of framework and process to assess a wide range of new WASH technologies (Technology Assessment Framework & process)
Development of strategies and approaches for introduction of innovation and scaling up in decentralised system, and process & time needed for successful uptake and sustainability
Establishing required capacities on assessment frameworkand introduction in BF, GH, UG
1. BASELINE STUDY ON
STAKEHOLDER KNOWLEDGE
ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE;
UGANDA FINDINGS
Scenario 1: Formal processScenario 2: Informal process
Line ministry/ UNBS
Local
Gov’ts/
district
NGOs/
CBOs
Private
sector
Donor agencies
Government/
Line ministry
Private
sector
NGOs/
CBOs
Local
Gov’ts/
district
Donor
agencies
NGOs/ private
sector
Local Gov’ts
Private sector
Government/
Line ministry
Local gov’ts
S/H were positive about the formal process of technology
introduction and approval
MWE/UNBS LOCAL GOV’TS NGOs/ PS
Introduction - Testing/ piloting - scale up
Standardizing - uptake/ scale up
Other S/H were open to influence from external agencies;
donors, private sector, NGOs provided the influence is
channeled through gov’t.
A lesser No. of S/H preferred following an informal process to
avoid government bureaucracy.
No detailed framework for technology
introduction, appraisal or review of
existing technologies.
No tool that is employed to ensure a
harmonized decision making process
There is need for a technology
assessment framework.
Need for CB in technology
assessment
2. UGANDA TECHNOLOGY
REVIEW; EMERGING ISSUES
•Urine diversion double vault latrine (UDDT EcoSan),
•U2 Hand pump (groundwater lifting)
• ferro-cement tank >6,000l (water storage)
Successful
• tippy tap (hand washing device)Promising
• Canzee pump (groundwater lifting)New
opportunities
•Rope pump (groundwater lifting) Failed
Urine Diversion Dry
Toilets (UDDT)
Successful and particular
conditions
Suitable for water
logged areas and
collapsing soils,
Suitable at HH level
Not suitable for public
places- need for a
strict O&M system.
Gap at introduction-
no design for Muslim
community
U2 PUMP
Suitable for deep wells
Easy to operate/ man
Available HPMs for
minor and major repairs.
Limited knowledge on
minor maintenance/
repairs by the
communities
Rope pump
Viewed as promising as
opposed to failed
The pump is still being
used in pockets (afew
places, 7 pumps in total)
Not suitable for capacities
beyond 300 HH
Very slow and low uptake
Well managed at individual
level
Issues of contamination
Tippy Tap
Confirmed to be promising
Low cost; available
L/material
Mechanism of use prevents
contamination
20% of technology adopters
do abandon them while
replication was estimated at
about 30% (ACORD).
Gap-lack of a policy
framework and standards.
UGA pump Fabrication of the NIIRA pump
New technology (2009)
Still being piloted and yet to be approved by the ministry
Installed No. is about 30 in the country.
Viewed as a suitable option for shallow wells.
Suitable for Rural communities
No break downs have been experiences.
3. TECHNOLOGY ASSESMENT
FRAMEWORK
Our main innovation for the action
research is the Technology
Assessment Framework (the TAF).
A set of questions to be thought
through in a structured way for
informed decision making on New
and Existing technologies
Stakeholder Indicator
User/ Buyer •Affordability
•Demand for the product
•Potential for negative impact for user
•Existent management structures
•Skills set to manage technology
•Reliability- fulfill need
Producer/ provider •Price of product- market potential
•Need for promotion
•Potential for local production
•Legal requirements for registration
•Level of technical& business skills
needed
•Viable supply chain
Regulator/ investor •Financial supportive mechanisms
•Need for behavioral change/ social
marketing
•Dependency on other technical