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In June 2010, Laura Efurd addressed the FCC Advisory Committee on Diversity for Communications in the Digital Age. On behalf of ZeroDivide, Ms. Efurd presented recommendations to the FCC regarding policies and practices that will further enhance the ability of minorities and women to participate in telecommunications and related industries.
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Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders and Broadband
FCC Diversity CouncilLaura L. Efurd, ZeroDivide
June 15, 2010
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16.6 Million Asian Americans: 5.4% of US Pop
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AAPI Demographics
• AAPIs represent over 30 countries and ethnic groups that speak over 100 different languages.
• Nearly two-thirds of AAPIs are foreign born.
• AAPIs are one of the fastest growing racial groups in the US, constituting about one-third of the one million legal immigrants who enter the U.S.
• By 2050 the AAPI population is expected to increase to 40.6 million (9.2% of the US Population).
• Asian Americans living below poverty: 12.6%
• Poverty rates of Hmong: 37.8%, 29.3%, Laotian: 18.5%, Vietnamese: 16.6%
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Cities with Highest Percentage of Asian Americans
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The AAPI Data Dilemma
DiverseDiverse SmallSmall
Lack of Data
Lack of Data
Misleading Data
Misleading Data
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Lack of Data: AAPIs Rarely Included in Tech Related Research
Recent Pew Internet Studies that make no mention of Asian Americans or Pacific Islanders
• March 2010 Pew Presentation Teens and the Internet the Future of Digital Diversity
• Jan 5, 2010 Internet, Broadband and Cell Phone Statistics
• 2009 Pew Study On Wireless Internet
• March 2009, Pew Study The Mobile Difference
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Lack of Data: FCC Study
Broadband Adoption and Use in America OBI Working Paper No. 1 February 2010
The FCC survey sampled all Americans, but for several racial or ethnic categories, there were not enough respondents to draw statistically reliable inferences. For Asian-Americans, American Indians, and Alaskan natives, the sample yielded fewer than 100 respondents in each group. The first two groups in particular have a sizable population that may not speak English or that have low telephone penetration rates. Because of that and the small sample of respondents, it is inadvisable to report results.
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Misleading Data
Digital Nation: NTIA Research Preview
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Misleading Data
Public Policy Institute of California, June 2009
Californians with Broadband at Home
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“To improve the state of the digital divide, we need to understand its social, cultural, economic and demographic underpinnings.”
-- In Search of Digital Equity:
Assessing the Geography of
the Digital Divide in California
Edmund G. “Pat” Brown Institute of Public Affairs
California State University, Los Angeles
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Barriers to Broadband Adoption
•Access
•Affordability
•Relevancy
•Content/Applications
•Language
•Training and technical support
•Privacy and security concerns
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What works!
•Targeted Approach
•Relevant Content and Applications
•Trusted Community Institutions
•Part of an Ecosystem
•Sustainability
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Survey of AAPI Serving CBOs (2004)
• 57% have no computer access for clients
• 7% have one or two dedicated computers of clients
• 31% lack high-speed internet access
• 1% utilize distance learning
• Primary mode of communication still face-to-face
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Community Technology Adoption Continuum
Basic Technolog
y
Basic Technolog
y
Content Production
Content Production InfrastructureInfrastructure SustainableSustainable
Little Tokyo Service Center
2002Digital Media
Production2004DSI
2002Digital Media
Production2004DSI
2005Little Tokyo Community
Wireless Network
2005Little Tokyo Community
Wireless Network
2008 Internet Service Provider
2008 Internet Service Provider
2000 Bilingual Computer Center for Seniors
2000 Bilingual Computer Center for Seniors
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Little Tokyo Unplugged
•Wireless broadband in Little Tokyo and surrounding area of Los Angeles
•Free outdoor wireless
•158 homes with broadband
•176 Daily Users
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Filipino Advocates for Justice
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• Increased outreach from several hundred to 300,000+
• Increased policy impact from local to national
• Incorporated social media strategies
• Tapped youth for fresh content (YouTube & Blogs)
• Increased active online users
• Targeting outreach most effective
• Evaluating impact easier through analytic tools
Activating AAPI Broadband Users
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Recommendations
• Conduct studies which disaggregate AAPI populations to attain accurate state of Broadband Adoption.
• Conduct studies which include sample in AAPI languages.
• Support adoption programs targeted to specific AAPI populations:– Immigrant– Limited English Proficient– Specific subpopulations
• Invest in technology capacity of organizations serving the AAPI populations.
