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Java EE and Spring Framework Shootout

Rohit Kelapure

WebSphere Application Server Caching Architect

Apache OpenWebBeans Committer

IBM

http://wasdynacache.blogspot.com/

http://www.linkedin.com/in/rohitkelapure

http://twitter.com/rkela

Recording: http://www.parleys.com/#st=5&id=2819&sl=0

Session ID = TDP-1163

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Outline

Evolution of Java EE and Spring

Java EE 6 & Spring 3.0, 3.1 highlights

Spring 3.1 feature comparison with Java EE 6

CDI and Spring ecosystem

Spring and Java EE coexistence

Spring to Java EE migration

Conclusion

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J2EE Java EE Specifications

* Introduced in spec.

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Evolution of J2EEJava EE6 (Dec 09)

New specs (JAX-RS, CDI, Bean

Validation)

Prune dead wood

– EJB 2.x, JAX-RPC, JAXR, JEE App. Deploy, JEE App mgmt.

Extensibility

– Easy Framework Pluggability (web fragments & CDI Extensions)

Enhanced ease of development

– POJO annotation based Servlets,

– Asynchronous processing (Servlet 3.0 & EJB 3.1)

– EJB 3.1

• EJB-in-WAR, No-interface view, Singleton, EJB-lite, Timers

– Contextual Dependency Injection (CDI)

– RESTful services

– Portable JNDI names

– JSF2.0

• Facelets, built-in-AJAX, Skins, Annotations, Resource handling

• Simplified Navigation, Easier custom components, View & Page scopes

• Bookmarkable pages, Project Stage, Expanded event model

– JPA 2.0

• Mapping enhancements, JPAQL, Criteria Query API, Pessimistic locking

Profiles reduce platform size

– Web Profile 12 specs

Vendor support

– WebSphere AS 8

– JBOSS AS 7

– Oracle WebLogic 11g

– Glassfish 3

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JSR 299 Contexts and Dependency Injection (CDI)

Adds dependency injection to JEE and

makes it type-safe.

– Hollywood principle - Don’t call us, we will call you

– No hard coded dependencies on other specifications

Assists in unifying the Bean model

Well defined contexts, the ability to bind

beans statefully to them & manage their

lifecycle.

Introduces an event notification system

to decouple producers & consumers

Uses interceptors to foster loose

coupling

– Extend behavior with type safe

interceptor bindings

– Refines interceptors into decorators for finer grained control

Integrates with the Unified EL to bridge

JSF

– Enables use of EJB 3.0 components as JSF managed beans

Introduces an SPI to extend JEE – Roll

your own JEE7!

– Not only an API but also a SPI

– Rich ecosystem of CDI extensions

Adds the Web conversation context

Spring does NOT provide support for

CDI

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Spring Framework

Lightweight dependency injection

Aspect oriented

Layered application & container framework

Well defined modules on top of the core container

NOT an all-or-nothing solution

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Evolution of Spring [ 1.0, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.1]

1.0

• Dependency injection

• POJO-oriented development

• Declarative AOP & transactions

• MVC framework

2.0

• Problem-specific XML

• Extensible configuration

• Bean scoping

• Groovy, JRuby, and BeanShell

• JSP tag library

• Java 5 autoboxing and generics

2.5

• Annotation-driven wiring

• Automatic bean configuration

• New annotation-driven MVC framework

• JUnit 4-based integration testing

3.0

• JSR-330 “at inject”

• New Spring Expression Language

• First-class REST support

• Java-based configuration

• Several new Spring MVC features

• Support for JSR-303 declarative validation

• Annotation-based background and scheduled jobs

3.1

• A new “c” namespace

• Configuration profiles

• Unified property resolution

• Java configuration features

• Servlet 3.0 support

• Declarative caching

• Spring MVC enhancements

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Birds Eye View

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Java EE vs. Spring Framework Features/APIs

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Java EE vs. Spring Business Component

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Spring XML for Business Component Injection

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Spring XML for Business Component Injection

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Spring Java Based Configuration

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Spring Java Based Configuration

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Java EE Interceptor vs. Spring Aspects

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Java EE vs. Spring Injection

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Java EE vs. Spring Injection

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JSF 2 vs. Spring MVC Front Controller

Facelet Component

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JSF 2 vs. Spring MVC Front Controller

Facelet

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JSF 2 vs. Spring MVC Front Controller

Entity

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JSF 2 vs. Spring MVC Spring MVC JSP

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Spring MVC Configuration

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Spring Controller

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Spring MVC web.xml configuration

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Java EE vs. Spring Scheduling

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Java EE vs. Spring Scheduling

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Java EE vs. Spring Messaging

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Spring JMS Configuration

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Spring Message Producer

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Java EE Message Producer & JMS Abstraction

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Java EE Message Producer & JMS Abstraction

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Hacking the Java EE Platform - CDI Extensions

Activated by dropping jars on the application classpath

Loaded by the java.util.ServiceLoader SPI

Integrate with container through container lifecycle events by

– Register additional beans, interceptors and decorators

– Injecting dependencies into its own objects

– Introduce custom scope with backing context

– Augment or override bean annotation-based metadata with other

source

Tools/utilities, extending Java EE, integration with Java EE

APIs, integrating with non-standard APIs, making Java EE

features available in non-Java EE

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Spring Ecosystem

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CDI Ecosystem Snapshot

Implementations

Weld CanDI

Runtimes Portable Extensions

Tools

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Spring & Java EE Coexistence

Integration with Java EE APIs

– Spring beans can be injected into JSF Managed Beans

– Spring beans can be referenced in EL with no JSF Backing beans

– Spring JmsTemplate can be used on top of raw JMS API for convenience

– Spring Listeners similar to EJB MDBs especially JCA rather than JMS listeners

– Hibernate validator standardized as Bean Validation (JSR 303)

– Spring 3 supports excellent bi-directional integration with EJBs

– CDI and Spring Integration through the Spring Bridge to CDI

Native support for Java EE

– Java EE5 and Java EE6 annotations supported by Spring

– Spring can use JPA / Hibernate natively

Application server integration

– DataSources can use application server QoS like pooling, transactions, statement caching,

debugging, monitoring and security

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Best Practices integrating Spring WAS

Presentation tier considerations

– Web MVC & Portlet

Data access considerations

– Using JDBC native connections

– Transactions, JPA & JMS

Spring Security Considerations

– Bypassing WAS security

Integration & Management considerations

– Registering Spring Mbeans in the application server

– Classloaders

Design Considerations

– Unmanaged threads

– Scheduling & Threadpools

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Java EE coexistence with Spring

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Migrating Spring to Java EE 6

1. Upgrade Spring version

2. Replace old frameworks (ORM, Web Framework) within Spring

3. Run Spring and Java EE container side by side

4. Replace Spring entirely

5. Remove Spring container

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Myths of Java EE

EJBs are heavy weight

EJBs are hard to test

EJBs are not portable

EJBs are slow

EJBs are not scalable

EJBs are too complex

EJBs are hard to integrate with

Web Frameworks and POJOs

EJBs are hard to configure

EJBs are hard to migrate

EJBs are hard to develop

EE application servers are

"bloated“

J2EE and EJB2 sucked! “That

was eight years ago! Is this really

your best shot?”

Application server portability is a

myth!

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Birds Eye View

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References

Evolution of Java EE http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_EE_version_history

Java EE 6 Tutorial http://download.oracle.com/javaee/6/tutorial/doc/

Spring Docs http://static.springsource.org/spring/docs/3.1.x/spring-framework-reference/

Spring Projects http://www.springsource.org/projects

Miscellaneous CDI Extensions https://github.com/softwaremill/softwaremill-common

Migrating Spring to Java EE

– https://github.com/paulbakker/migrating-spring-to-javaee

– http://ocpsoft.com/java/spring-to-java-ee-a-migration-guide-cdi-jsf-jpa-jta-ejb/

CDI- Spring Bridge

– http://rick-hightower.blogspot.com/2011/04/cdi-and-spring-living-in-harmony.html

– http://niklasschlimm.blogspot.com/2011/08/jsr-299-cdi-interceptors-for-spring.html

– http://niklasschlimm.blogspot.com/2011/08/jsr-299-cdi-decorators-for-spring-beans.html

Best practices integrating Spring with WebSphere Application Server

– http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/websphere/techjournal/0609_alcott/0609_alcott.htm

What’s new in Spring 3.1 http://static.springsource.org/spring/docs/3.1.x/spring-framework-

reference/htmlsingle/spring-framework-reference.html#new-in-3.1

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References continued

SEAM 3 http://seamframework.org/Seam3

CODI http://myfaces.apache.org/extensions/cdi/

Weld http://seamframework.org/Weld

CanDI http://www.caucho.com/resin/candi/

OpenWebBeans

http://openwebbeans.apache.org/owb/index.html

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