A Vision on the Evolution to

5G Networks

Dr. Fabrício Lira Figueiredo

Wireless Division Manager, CPqD

Agenda

1. Drivers for the evolution to 5G networks

2. Key technological challenges

3. Major trends for increasing capacity

4. Macrocells for rural applications

5. Conclusion

Global Mobile Devices and Connections

2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7 B

illio

ns o

f S

ub

scri

bers

1%

23%

76%

10%

33%

57% 4G 3G 2G

Source: GSMA 2013

9%

69%

19%

1% 2%

2012

7%

52%

30%

7% 4%

2016

Fast Growth of Traffic Demand

2017

Exabyte per month

0

3

6

9

12

2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010

11.2

7.4

4.5

2.8

1.6 0.9

0.4 0.2

66% Annual Growth

4% 5%

25%

66%

11% 3%

35% 51%

File Sharing M2M Web/Data Video

2017 2012

Source: Cisco 2013

Multiple Devices

Advanced Video Applications

Conferencing, Sharing and Collaboration

HDTV

Video HD

Stereo 3D SDTV

Stereo 3D HDTV

4K Ultra HDTV

Multiview 3D SDTV

8K Ultra HDTV

Multiview 3D HDTV

50 100 150 200 250 Mbps 50 100

Downlink Uplink

8K-UHD

4K-UHD

HD

1080 3840 7680

Ultra HD

Stereoscopic 3D

Source: Huawey 2013

Internet of Things

Low data rate and low power

consumption applications

More than 50 billions devices in 2020!

600-1000x

More Capacity

Heavy users

Powerful devices

Complex contents

More subscribers

Traffic x Revenue Growth

Traffic

Revenue

Voice Oriented

Data Oriented

Traffic and Revenue Decoupling

2013 2020

The Challenges for the Evolution to 5G

RAN

• Spectrum

• Performance

• Security

• Mobility

• Interoperability

Backhaul

• Availability

• Capacity

• Robustness

Core

• Legacy

• Interoperability

• Security

• Management

Mobile Technology Evolution

2G 3G (HSPA) 4G

BW 200 KHz 5 MHz 100 MHz

Bitrate 10 Kbps 10 Mbps 1 Gbps

Spectrum Efficiency

0,05 bps/Hz 2 bps/Hz 5-15 bps/Hz

Latency 150 ms 50 ms 10 ms

5G

2020

CDMA2000 1X REV A REV B

LTE-A

HSPA HSPA+

LTE

5G Expected Timeline

5G Research, Initiatives and Partnerships

5G Standardization

5G Product Technology

5G Commercial Deployment

ITU WRC

IMT-2020 (5G)

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2022

Rel-12 Rel-13

Rel-14

Challenges for 5G Networks

Transmission rates above 1 Gbps, reaching up to 10 Gbps until 2020

Higher spectral efficiency, at least by a factor of 3

Increasing spectrum availability, at least by a factor of 2

Lower latency, reaching 1ms

Lower power consumption on both devices and infrastructure

Heterogeneous, self-organized and cloud architectures

High capacity backhaul, based on radio and fiber technologies

MIMO

e-N

od

eB

UE

Small Cells

HetNet

Increasing Capacity

Demand for

600-1000x

capacity

Network density

x 100

Increasing Capacity: up to 10 Gbps !

Macro: ~3 Gbps Small Outdoor: ~5 Gbps

Small indoor: ~10 Gbps

More spectrum is required

Spectrum is heterogeneous, fragmented and scarce

100 MHz

20 20 20 20 Carrier aggregation is a powerful

approach to increase spectrum

usage efficiency

More Advanced Radio Interface

450, 700, 800, 900 1800, 2100, 2600 > 3000 > 10000

very wide super wide

2020

FDD

Low Frequency

UL: SC-FDMA

TDD

High Frequency

UL: OFDMA

Less Overhead

Hybrid radio

100 MHz

20 20 20 20

> 100 MHz

> 20 > 20

New bands, 10 Gbps Current bands, 1 Gbps +

Carrier Aggregation

Capacity Limitation

0 5 10 15 20

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

SNR (dB)

Spectr

um

Effic

iency (

bps/H

z)

QPSK

16 QAM

64 QAM

Shannon Limit

CQI* = 0, 1, …, 15

*CQI: Channel Quality Indication

64-QAM

256-QAM

1024-QAM

Higher order modulations?

= 2048

= 1200

OFDM x GFDM

Generalized Frequency Division Multiplexing - GFDM

• Low out of band emission

• Flexible system parameters

• Increased spectral resolution

- higher efficiency at band edge

• Does not require strict synchronization and orthogonality

Source: Fetweiss et al, “5G Now Project”

Active Antenna System – AAS

Vertical Beamforming

■ Multiple downtilts with multiple Cell IDs

■ Dedicated beams to subscribers groups

3D Beamforming

Source: 3GPP TR 37.840, “Study of AAS Base Station”.

Irradiator

elements

Transceivers

Pre-distortion, CFR

Macro Cell SmallCell in

shadowing location

Macro & Small Cells

Hetereogeneous Networks - HetNets

Hetereogeneous Networks - HetNets

Coordinated

temporal allocations

Coordinated Multi-Point (CoMP)

Enhanced Inter Cell Interference

Coordination (eICIC)

Interference Coordination - Increased data rate

- Better performance all over the cells

Increasing

bps/Hz/cell

Self Organizing Networks - SON

EPC/IMS

Equipment

Costs

Operational

Costs (no SON)

Tempo

Self-configured eNB (plug-and-play)

Handover optimization

Coverage and load balance optimization

Self-recovery and energy saving

Cloud RAN

RAN Sharing

Macro Cells for Rural Areas

>30 km 3 km

Macro

Cell

EPC: Evolved Packet Core

IMS: IP Multimedia Subsystem

SmallCell

Core

Network

Internet

NMS

EPC

IMS

cable

LTE

LTE

Wi-Fi

Mobile broadband for rural areas remains a challenge …

LTE 450 MHz

SL

P, S

LE

SL

MP

SMP, STFC and SCM

SA

RC

SL

P, S

LE

SL

MP

7 MHz (uplink) 7 MHz (downlink)

451 458 461 468

450 MHz 451 458 459 460 461 468 469 470

1 MHz 7 MHz 7 MHz1 MHz 1 MHz 1 MHz 1 MHz 1 MHz

SMP, STFC and SCM

SLP Airports SLP Airports

SA

RC

ANATEL Channelization

3GPP Band 31

Conclusion

1. Evolution to 5G networks concept is already under discussion by

academia, vendors and some operators

2. The demand for the evolution to 5G networks will be driven by the

fast growth of data traffic until 2020, especially mobile video

3. Main goal is to significantly increase network performance and

flexibility, while minimizing CAPEX and OPEX

4. Several technological challenges shall be handled in order to

accomplish the 5G goals: higher capacity will be the most critical

5. Ubiquitous services can become reality in 5G, but further efforts

will be required for supporting some relevant applications, such as

rural area communications, M2M and public safety

Thank you!

www.cpqd.com.br

Fabrício Lira Figueiredo fabricio@cpqd.com.br

+55 19 9838-2308

Ministério das Comunicações

Special acknowledgement to Brazilian Commmunications

Ministry, FUNTTEL and FINEP for the funding and strategic

contributions to all CPqD LTE Projects.