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Documents of Holy Prophet Muhammad PBUH
Inner Light for ALL
The Documents
250 available from different sources
04 original letters discovered
“Wasa’iq Alsiyasiya” by Dr Hameedullah gives a large number
reproduces
Naqoosh “Rasool Number Vol II” 99 from “Wasa’iq”
Document types
Letters inviting to Islam
Peace treaties
Terms of surrender for conquered territories
Details of Jazya or taxes
Background Meccan Period :
– 40 yrs before Nabuwat, 13 yrs after Nabuwat
Medinan Period :– 10 Yrs (Hijri year starts from 1st year in
Madina)
Khandaq : 5 Hijri , Muslims gain strength
6 Hijri (Hudaibiya) : turning point in Islamic political history
Prophet turns his attention outside Arabia
O people! I have been sent as Rehmat al lil alamin. Send my message to the world , God will be kind on you. Do not develop differences like the followers of Christ; when they were ordered to go to close by areas they went willingly. And whenordered to go to far flung areas they stopped short in their tracks.
Letters : invitation to Islam
Letter to HeracliusKing of Byzantine Empire
Bismillah Al Rahman Al Rahim, From Muhammad, servant of Allah and His messanger, to Heraclius, the ruler of Romans
Peace be on whoever follows theright path! Thereafter I invite you to the call of Islam; submit and you will be safe
submit and Allah will bestow doublereward on you. But if you turn awaythe crimes of your subjects willfall upon you
And You, O people of the Book,come to a common word between you and us, that we worship none but God, without associating anything with Him, and that none of us takes any of us as Lord besides Allah. Then if they turn away, well, say :Bear witness that truly, we are muslims
Originalof the Letter to Heraclius
Letter to King of Persia King became angry and tore the
letter. Prophet said “may God tear his
empire” King of Persia sent two men from
Yemen to capture the Prophet
King was killed by his own son
Letter to NajashiRuler of Habsha Najashi
accepted Islam but his subjects did not
Letter to Rulers of Oman 8 AH
“IntheMerciful.
name of Allah, theBeneficent, the From
Mohammed, the messengerof
Allah, to Jaifar and Abd, sons of Al Julanda.
Peace be upon the one who followsthe right path! I invite both of you to the call of Islam. Submit to Allah and both of you will remain safe. I am the
Messenger of Allah for all ofhuman beings in order that I infuse fear of Allah in every living person.
If both of you accept Islam, you will remain in commandof your
country,but if yourefuse
youmustrememb
erthat allyour
possessions
mycall, arecavalry would take possessionof
yourland,
perishable.My
and
my
Prophethood will triumph over your kingship.
Both brothers accepted Islam and allowedHazrat Amr ibn Al-as to take over as
resident General of the Government of Medina and perform the administration of Justice and taxes for the Muslim population.
Document of Alliances with tribes of Arabia
Alliances with tribes close to Medin
a Banu Zamrah
Banu Ghifar
Juhaina
Madlaj
Muzaina
Treaty with Banu Zamrah B.Zamra : 3 days to south of Medina, 9 from
Mecca in the area of international trade route
Several Muslim reconnaissance missions in the area in the first year after Hijrah
Ghazwa Wadan in Safar 2 AH, Prophet with 60 muslims went to wadan in the area of B.Zamra for two weeks
First international treaty by the Prophet (with a non Muslim tribe)
Treaty with Banu Zamrah Bismillah Al Rahman Al Rahim This is a
writing of Muhammad, the messenger of Allah addressed to the Banu Zamrah…
They will have security of their property and their persons and help shall be given to them against whoever attacks them unjustly.
And it will be their duty to help the Prophet .…, except for the case when they fight for the cause of religion. Further, as soon as the Prophet invites them to his help they would respond to this call. And for this they give guarantee of Allah and the guarantee of His Messenger; and they shall have the right of receiving help in case they observe their engagement and remain pious in observing the pact.
Treaty with Banu Ghifar The Banu Ghifar shall be counted among
Muslims, having the same rights as the Muslims, and same obligations as they have.
Moreover, the Prophet engages in their favour the guarantee of Allah and guarantee of His Messenger : to their property and their persons.
Further, if the Prophet calls them for his help, they shall respond to his call. And it will be incumbent on them to help him except if one fights for religion….
It is understood that this document will not intervene against a crime.
Treaty with Juhaina Similar to the one with Banu Ghifar
6 months before Badar
Scouts of Juhaina helped Muslims during battle of Badr
Consequence of treaty with Zamrah and Ghifar
Both these tribes remained faithful to the Islamic state of Medina offering material and human help frequently
Agreement with Juhaina after they
converted to Islam
That they will cut all relations with pagans That they will observe faithfully all Islamic duties, spiritual as well as political.
That is to say: establishing the daily prayers, paying zakat tax, obeying Allah and His Messenger, and surrendering in favour of the state the portion of the booty defined by Islamic law
That they will have no more claim to interest…..
All persons acceding to a pact with them will have the same rights as they have
Language of Documents
Clarity
Short and to the point
Not defensive or apologetic
Reward and retribution
Conclusion
Prophet’s documents are an indication of importance given to religious as well as political system by Islam
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