Light upon lightProf. Ir. Dr. Hairul Azhar Abdul Rashid

Quran and Science Seminar | MMU Melaka | 25th June, 2016

ور نور على ن

FORC focuses on design, fabrication

and characterization of specialty optical

fiber and its applications

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• Rare-earth doped fibers

• Microfiber

• FBG, LPG, SPR sensors

• Polymer PCF

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• Standard MCVD

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Simulation and Modelling

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2 Professors, 1 Associate Professor,

2 Senior Lecturers, 3 Post-docs, 7 PhD,

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Allah is the Light of the heavens and the earth. The example of His light is like a niche within which is a lamp, the lamp is within glass, the glass as if it were a pearly [white] star lit from [the oil of] a blessed olive tree, neither of the east nor of the west, whose oil would almost glow even if untouched by fire. Light upon light. Allah guides to His light whom He wills. And Allah presents examples for the people, and Allah is Knowing of all things

Surah An-Nur: 35

Analogies

4

Misykat (niche): A

cavity that allows light to be reflected and brighten

Misbah: A lamp that is

placed in the Misykat

1&2

2Nafisah Tahir, “Ajarkan Wanitamu Surah Al-Nur – Bahagian 2”, Aisyah Humaira’ Publication, Kuala Lumpur 2015.

Zujajah: Enclosure

made from glass, so fine and transparent.

Zaitun: A blessed fruit, pressed for

its oil that provides the means for burning

Source: Dr. Zuraidah Zan, Dr Hanif Yaacob, UPM, Konvensyen Surah An-Nur

Light and Photons

• What is Light ?• Energy in the form of electromagnetic wave. • Behaves like particles too, photons.• Wave-particle duality

• What is Photon ?• Quantized light energy- “particles” making up

light• Photonics to light is like Electronics to current

Brought to you by TM

Made possible by ….

Optical Fibers

How Light Propagates Inside Fiber

….. His light is like a niche within which is a lamp, the lamp is within glass ….

Surah An-Nur: 35

Optical Fiber Laser

Near InfraredFrequency

Wavelength1.6

229

1.0 0.8 µm0.6 0.41.8 1.4UV

(vacuum) 1.2

THz193 461

0.2

353

Longhaul Telecom

Regional Telecom

Local Area Networks 850 nm

1550 nm1310 nm

CD Players780 nm

HeNe Lasers633 nm

Lightwave Transmission Bands

Source: Alcatel-Lucent

… Light upon light ….Surah An-Nur : 35

Wavelength Division Multiplexing

12

LASER diodes and LEDs

Misykat

SemiconductorDiode

The example of His light is like a niche (Misykat) within which is a lamp (Misbah), the lamp is within glass (Zujajah)…..

Surah An-Nur : 35

Source: Dr. Zuraidah Zan, Dr Hanif Yaacob, UPM, Konvensyen Surah An-Nur

The angels, or “malaikat” (the arabic word) is a

plural form of the word: “ma-la-kun” (one angel).

The angels are supernatural nature, also the

creature and slave of Allah the Exalted and

Glorified.

Allah created them from light and endorsed

them a perfect obedience and power to

accomplish it.

From ‘Aisha- may Allah be pleased with her-, the

Prophet -may peace and blessings of Allah be

upon him- said, “Angels are made from the light,

and jinn are made from the fire burn…”

(Narrated by Muslim, in hadith no. 60)

“To Him belongs whosoever dwells in the

heavens and on earth. Those (angels) that are

with Him neither disdain to serve Him out of

pride, nor do they weary of it. They glorify Him

night and day, without flagging.” (Al-Anbiya/The

Prophets: 19-20)

MALAIKAT (ANGELS)

Optical Recording –Raqid and ‘Atid ?

Optical Communications –Jibrail ?

Source: https://whatisquran.com/191-the-faith-in-the-angels.html

Perhaps this is the reason why we can’t see Malaikat (Angels).

Are Malaikat made from Infra-Red?

Or UV?

Allahu a’lam

Paradigm Shift

Quran and Science*

Metaphorical

Literal

Procedural

* Qur’an and Science, Imad-ad-Dean Ahmad, Ph.D., Minaret of Freedom Institute

• what does the Qur’an have to teach us about science? • We know without doubt the Qur’an has many allusions to natural

phenomena in it. What are we supposed to take from these allusions?

…. The example of His light is like a niche within which is a lamp, the lamp is within glass, the glass as if it were a pearly [white] star lit from [the oil of] a blessed olive tree, neither of the east nor of the west, whose oil would almost glow even if untouched by fire. Light upon light…

Surah An-Nur : 35

• Surah from Quran are literal and we are going to get some

knowledge of the phenomenological world.

…. The example of His light is like a niche within which is a lamp, the lamp is within glass, the glass as if it were a pearly [white] star lit from [the oil of] a blessed olive tree, neither of the east nor of the west, whose oil would almost glow even if untouched by fire. Light upon light…

Surah An-Nur : 35

19

Lighted by Olive Oil (Zaitun) instead?

“.. It is lit by (the oil of) a blessed tree, the olive, which is neither eastern or western. Its oil is about to emit light even though the fire has not touch it..”

Surah An-Nur, 35

Source: Dr. Zuraidah Zan, Dr Hanif Yaacob, UPM, Konvensyen Surah An-Nur

CRITIQUE FOR THE LITERALLIST

“Muslim pseudo-science.”

Claim that the miraculous nature of the Qur’an - speed of light to four decimal places

The refutation of this claim is available onthe Internet

Allah knows more science than anybody ever has. - But He’s not trying to teach us science there.

No way to gain scientific knowledge by studying the Qur’an.

What you do is study nature, acquire scientific knowledge and look at the Qur’an and say,”This book is consistent with what I have learned.“

PROCEDURAL GUIDANCE

• One of the most important impacts of Islam on science was its contributions to the development of the methodology of modern science, as we know it today

• The Scientific Method

• Greek Philisophers• The Greeks were rationalists. They believed that one can know scientific truths

by reason alone. • Aristotle said that a scientist is one who grasp that everything is the way it is

because it could be no other way

Ancient Greek’s model of the universe

the first scientist . . .

• Abu Ali al-Hasan ibn al-Hasan ibn al-Haytham

• Born in Basra in 965

• First studied theology

• Later, studied ancient Greek philosophers and mathematicians, including Euclid and Archimedes

• He was the first to introduce Scientific Method

KNOWLEDGE

• The Qur’an has commanded us to read, meaning to acquire knowledge from exogenous sources

• Recite in the name of your Lord who created - Created man from a clinging substance. Recite, and your Lord is the most Generous - Who taught by the pen - Taught man that which he knew not.

• Surah Al-’Alaq : 1 - 5

INDUCTION

• Heart of the scientific method• Rigorous testing of theory by

experiment and empirical observation• Observations is clearly something that is

encouraged in the Qur’an when it says look for God’s signs in the heavens and the earth.

He cast firmly embedded mountains on

the earth so it would not move under

you, and rivers, pathways, and

landmarks so that perhaps you might

be guided. And they are guided by the

stars. Is He Who creates like him who

does not create? O will you not pay

heed?”(Quran 16:10-17)

UNIVERSALITY

• The Qur’an teaches, and we believe, that all truths come from Allah.

• Allah sent messengers to every people, every people have access to the truth.

• Therefore, we are not limited to the knowledge of our own history.

• When the Muslims came across Greek knowledge they didn’t say the Greek are pagans; we don’t have to read these books.

• They translated them all, not for uncritical acceptance, but for critical consideration, to decide what is true and what is false.

ABOLITION OF PRIESTHOOD

• There were many scientific civilizations in the past before the Islamic one. • The ancient Babylonians, for example, had a fine astronomical science, but

it was known to the elites. • In Islam, we have the teaching of the prophet, peace be upon him, that is

it the duty of every Muslim, male or female to seek knowledge from the cradle to the grave.

Ibnu al-Haytham

• As long as I live and I can continue with my scholarly pursuits with all my might, I pray for three things:

• First: May the outcome of this pursuit help and lay benefits to those who seek the truth, whether when I am still alive or when I have died

• Second: I make this pursuit as my efforts to put forth my thinking, after careful and detailed deliberation, observation of such knowledge

• Third: This pursuit be my provision and preparations for my golden years

فيه القرآن شهر رمضان الذي أنزل نات م قان ن الهدىو والرر هدى للناس وبي

The month of Ramadhan [is that] in which was revealed the Qur'an, a guidance for the people and clear proofs of guidance and criterion…

Surah Al-Baqarah : 185

CONCLUSION

• Quran is not a Science Text-Book

• Allah inspires us to explore and investigate

• To realize the Powers that He holds, the Knowledge that He possesses

• To be a scientist is indeed an Ibadah, an act of worship

1. Al-Quran Al-Kareem2. Nafisah Tahir, “Ajarkan Wanitamu Surah Al-Nur – Bahagian 2”, Aisyah Humaira’ Publication,

Kuala Lumpur 2015.3. http://www.screenlightandgrip.com/html/emailnewsletter_generators.html4. http://www.electronics-tutorials.ws/diode/diode_8.html5. http://en.academic.ru/dic.nsf/enwiki/11058#Physics6. T. Rossing, C.J. Ciaverina, “Light Science: Physics and the Virtual Arts”, Springer Science &

Business Media, 24 Sept 19997. http://www.aledia.com/en/technology/8. http://zeiss-campus.magnet.fsu.edu/tutorials/leddiagram/indexflash.html9. Ross, S, Faraday Consults the Scholars: The Origins of the Terms of Electrochemistry in Notes

and Records of the Royal Society of London (1938–1996), Volume 16, Number 2 / 1961, Pages: 187–220, [2] consulted 2006-12-22

10. Faraday, Michael, Experimental Researches in Electricity. Seventh Series, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London (1776–1886), Volume 124, 1 January 1834, Page 77, [3] consulted 2006-12-27 (in which Faraday introduces the words electrode, anode, cathode, anion, cation, electrolyte, electrolyze)

11. Faraday, Michael, Experimental Researches in Electricity, Volume 1, 1849, reprint of series 1 to 14, freely accessible Gutenberg.org transcript [4] consulted 2007-01-11

12. N. Thayyarah, “Sains dalam Al-Quran”, ms. 50913. http://scijinks.jpl.nasa.gov/rain/

REFERENCES

ي بصري نورا وفي اللهم اجعل في قلبي نورا وف

ن يساري نورا سمعي نورا وعن يميني نورا وع

ي نورا وخلري نورا وفوقي نورا وتحتي نورا وأمام م لي نورا وعظ

O Allah, place light in my heart, light in my tongue,

light in my hearing, light in my eyesight, light on my

right hand, light on my left hand, light in front of me,

light behind me, light below me, O Allah, give me abundant light.

Supplication of Noor (light)

Sahih Muslim, Book of Prayers – Travelers, Hadith 26

Jazakallah Khairan KathiraThank youhairul@mmu.edu.my