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CHAPTER 3CHAPTER 3
SURVEYING THE BOOKS SURVEYING THE BOOKS
OF THE BIBLEOF THE BIBLE
Ave Maria Press; adapted Ave Maria Press; adapted by AHSby AHS
JESUS CHRIST:JESUS CHRIST:GOD’S REVELATION GOD’S REVELATION
TO THE WORLDTO THE WORLD
Best SellerBest Seller
The Bible was first printed in 1454The Bible was first printed in 1454
The Bible is always at the top of The Bible is always at the top of any best-seller’s listany best-seller’s list
Familiar Familiar Sayings Sayings
from the Biblefrom the Bible
““A HOUSE DIVIDED”A HOUSE DIVIDED”
““APPLE OF HIS EYE”APPLE OF HIS EYE”
““CAN A LEOPARD CAN A LEOPARD CHANGE HIS SPOTS”CHANGE HIS SPOTS”
““OUT OF THE OUT OF THE MOUTHS OF BABES”MOUTHS OF BABES”
““HANDWRITING ON HANDWRITING ON THE WALL”THE WALL”
““LABOR OF LOVE”LABOR OF LOVE”
““BY THE SKIN OF MY BY THE SKIN OF MY TEETH”TEETH”
““EAT, DRINK, AND EAT, DRINK, AND BE MERRY”BE MERRY”
Formation of the Formation of the Old TestamentOld Testament
Before the actual writing Before the actual writing took place, there was a took place, there was a period of oral traditions period of oral traditions
that came from the that came from the experiences the people experiences the people had with God and with had with God and with
each other.each other.
Many historians believe Many historians believe the Chosen People began the Chosen People began to preserve their stories to preserve their stories during the reign of King during the reign of King
Solomon (950 BC).Solomon (950 BC).
Many editors were Many editors were involved, resulting in many involved, resulting in many
OT books being OT books being compilations.compilations.
The Old Testament The Old Testament CanonCanon
The Septuagint (a Greek The Septuagint (a Greek translation of the Hebrew translation of the Hebrew Scriptures) was common Scriptures) was common
during Jesus’ day.during Jesus’ day.
Jewish scholars omitted the Jewish scholars omitted the seven books written in seven books written in
Greek from the Septuagint.Greek from the Septuagint.The Council of Trent The Council of Trent
accepted all the books in accepted all the books in the Septuagint as part of the Septuagint as part of the Old Testament canon.the Old Testament canon.
Protestant Reformers Protestant Reformers accepted the official list of accepted the official list of
Hebrew Scriptures accepted Hebrew Scriptures accepted by rabbis in AD 90.by rabbis in AD 90.
Survey of the Survey of the Old Testament BooksOld Testament BooksPentateuchPentateuch
Most scholars believe Most scholars believe that four different oral that four different oral
traditions went into traditions went into writing the writing the
foundational foundational Pentateuch.Pentateuch.
GenesisGenesis ExodusExodus
LeviticusLeviticus NumbersNumbers
DeuteronomyDeuteronomy
The Historical BooksThe Historical Books
How God remained faithful to How God remained faithful to the covenant; how the the covenant; how the
Israelites struggled to live by Israelites struggled to live by its termsits terms
JoshuaJoshua JudgesJudges RuthRuth
1 and 2 Samuel1 and 2 Samuel 1 and 2 Kings1 and 2 Kings
1 and 2 Chronicles1 and 2 Chronicles Ezra and NehemiahEzra and Nehemiah
Tobit, Judith, and EstherTobit, Judith, and Esther 1 and 2 Maccabees1 and 2 Maccabees
Survey of the Survey of the Old Testament BooksOld Testament Books
The Wisdom BooksThe Wisdom Books
How God works in our How God works in our everyday liveseveryday lives
JobJob PsalmsPsalms
ProverbsProverbs EcclesiastesEcclesiastes
Song of SongsSong of Songs WisdomWisdom SirachSirach
Prophetic BooksProphetic Books
The biblical prophets were a The biblical prophets were a messengers from God.messengers from God.
Worship the one, true GodWorship the one, true God Accept God’s love and Accept God’s love and
mercymercy Be just, especially to the Be just, especially to the
poorpoor Know that God will Know that God will
ultimately triumphultimately triumph
Classifying Classifying the Prophetsthe Prophets
MAJOR PROPHETS:MAJOR PROPHETS:IsaiahIsaiah
JeremiahJeremiahEzekielEzekielDanielDaniel
MINOR PROPHETS:MINOR PROPHETS:HoseaHoseaJoelJoel
AmosAmosObadiahObadiah
JonahJonahMicahMicahNahumNahum
HabakkukHabakkukZephaniahZephaniah
HaggaiHaggaiZechariahZechariahMalachiMalachi
The Writing of the The Writing of the New TestamentNew Testament
Stage 1: Stage 1: The Historical JesusThe Historical Jesus
Jesus lived a typical life of a Jesus lived a typical life of a Jewish boyJewish boy
Began his public ministry c. 28 Began his public ministry c. 28 ADAD
Taught, healed, and Taught, healed, and proclaimed the coming of the proclaimed the coming of the
Kingdom of GodKingdom of God
Crucified by Pontius Pilate c. Crucified by Pontius Pilate c. 30 AD30 AD
Rose from the dead three days Rose from the dead three days after his crucifixionafter his crucifixion
Stage 2: Stage 2: Oral TraditionOral Tradition
““Go out to the whole world; Go out to the whole world;
proclaim the gospel to all creation”proclaim the gospel to all creation”
KERYGMA—preaching to unbelieversKERYGMA—preaching to unbelievers
DIDACHE—teaching, further catechesisDIDACHE—teaching, further catechesis
LITURGY—worship of the ChristiansLITURGY—worship of the Christians
Why Commit the Oral Tradition to Why Commit the Oral Tradition to writing?writing?
The end of the world The end of the world was not coming as was not coming as quickly as the early quickly as the early Christians at first Christians at first thought it wouldthought it would
Distortions to the Distortions to the Gospel were Gospel were occurringoccurring
More instruction was More instruction was neededneeded
Stage 3: Stage 3: The New Testament The New Testament
WritingsWritingsFirst written books of the New Testament First written books of the New Testament
were the letters of St. Paulwere the letters of St. Paul
The four Gospels, Acts, Catholic Epistles, The four Gospels, Acts, Catholic Epistles, and Revelation were probably written in and Revelation were probably written in
the latter half of the 1the latter half of the 1stst century century
Survey of the New TestamentSurvey of the New Testament
The Sacred Tradition of the Church, administered by the Apostles and their successors, determined
which books were to be included in the canon and which were not under the inspiration of the
Holy Spirit.
Types of Writing in the Types of Writing in the New TestamentNew Testament
GospelsGospels
The heart of the The heart of the Scriptures!Scriptures!
Mark (~60—75)Mark (~60—75)Matthew (~80—90)Matthew (~80—90)
Luke (~85)Luke (~85)John (~80—110)John (~80—110)
Acts of the ApostlesActs of the Apostles
Second part of the Second part of the
Gospel of LukeGospel of Luke
Acts tells the early Acts tells the early history of the Churchhistory of the Church
Types of Writing in the Types of Writing in the New TestamentNew Testament
Pauline LettersPauline Letters
Circulated in his name; either Circulated in his name; either written by Paul himself or a written by Paul himself or a
disciple of Pauldisciple of Paul
1 and 2 Thessalonians1 and 2 Thessalonians GalatiansGalatians
PhilippiansPhilippians 1 and 2 Corinthians1 and 2 Corinthians
RomansRomans PhilemonPhilemon
ColossiansColossians EphesiansEphesians
TitusTitus 1 and 2 Timothy1 and 2 Timothy
The Letter to the HebrewsThe Letter to the Hebrews
Emphasizes Christ’s Emphasizes Christ’s superiority over all superiority over all
creationcreation
Perfect sacrifice of Death Perfect sacrifice of Death on the cross took away on the cross took away
sin, fulfilling the sin, fulfilling the promises of the Old promises of the Old
TestamentTestament
Types of Writing in the Types of Writing in the New TestamentNew Testament
Catholic EpistlesCatholic Epistles
Letters intended “for all” Letters intended “for all” (Catholic means (Catholic means
“universal) “universal)
JamesJames 1 and 2 Peter1 and 2 Peter
JudeJude 1, 2 and 3 John1, 2 and 3 John
RevelationRevelation
This highly symbolic This highly symbolic work’s purpose was to work’s purpose was to encourage Christians encourage Christians who were undergoing who were undergoing persecution for their persecution for their faith in Jesus Christ.faith in Jesus Christ.