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2
Outline
• Motivation and objective
• Research questions
• Context of the study
• Discussions and decisions
• Further details
• Conclusions and what’s next
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Motivation
NFRs: express conditions onthe behaviour of the system
MDD: software developmentbased on models
NFRs need to be managed by MDDprocesses, one way or another
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Background
Interest, timeliness, awareness
NFR-aware MDD processes
Evidence from practitioners dealing with NFR missing
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In a nutshell• Investigating on: industrial practices in
dealing with NFRs in MDD processes• Empirical study survey based on semi-structured interviews
• European-wide 8 European countries involved at least 3 companies per country
• 3 research questions structured into 10 subquestions
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Research questionsRQ1 In which context is MDD adopted by companies?RQ2 To what extent do MDD approaches adopted by
companies support NFRs?RQ3 How do companies deal with NFRs when the
adopted MDD approach does not support them?
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Research questions – RQ1RQ1 In which context is MDD adopted by companies?
RQ1.1 What factors motivate the adoption of MDD?RQ1.2 Which types of NFRs are linked to these motivating factors?RQ1.3 To what extent are NFRs relevant for those projects that
adopt MDD?
RQ2 To what extent do MDD approaches adopted bycompanies support NFRs?
RQ3 How do companies deal with NFRs when theadopted MDD approach does not support them?
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Research questions – RQ2RQ1 In which context is MDD adopted by companies?RQ2 To what extent do MDD approaches adopted by
companies support NFRs?RQ2.1 Which types of NFRs are supported by the adopted MDD
approaches?RQ2.2 Which characteristics do these NFRs exhibit?RQ2.3 Which notations and tools are used for the supported types
of NFRs?RQ2.4 At which stages of the adopted MDD approach are these
NFRs handled?
RQ3 How do companies deal with NFRs when theadopted MDD approach does not support them?
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Research questions – RQ3RQ1 In which context is MDD adopted by companies?RQ2 To what extent do MDD approaches adopted by
companies support NFRs?RQ3 How do companies deal with NFRs when the
adopted MDD approach does not support them?RQ3.1 How are MDD approaches customized to take into account
the previously unsupported types of NFRs?RQ3.2 How do companies deal with an NFR which is not supported
by MDD?RQ3.3 To what extent are the drawbacks of dealing with
unsupported types of NFRs compensated by the benefits ofadopting MDD?
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Context – The team
• Collaborative approach one team per country wider population exploiting expertise
• Highly motivated no funding available (contributions welcome!)
• Lots of managerial issues see paper for details
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Discussions and decisions (1)• Taxonomy of NFRs common taxonomy or ad-hoc classifications
Ask interviewees examples of NFRs Check if the company uses some
taxonomy
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Discussions and decisions (2)• Meaning of MDD for practitioners, the meaning may be diverse
Ask interviewees their concept Fit into the hierarchy MDA – MDD –
MDE – MBE
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Discussions and decisions (3)• Selection of companies independent or coordinated
Got a ranked list of candidates Balanced selection considering
domain, matureness, …
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Discussions and decisions (4)• Interview execution reconcile different situations
Interview in mother tongue Recording not mandatory Transcription to English
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The study – protocol• Population and sampling non-probabilistic sampling of software companies track on using MDD in software projects interviewee with experience in at least 1 project
• Rigorous questionnaire design (Dillman 2014)• Data analysis basic descriptive analysis content analysis
• See paper for details on other issues
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The study – threats to validity• Internal validity understandability Dillman & piloting language transcription cross-check insufficient knowledge careful selection untruthful answers anonymous & explanations
• External: no generalization attempted• Conclusion interviewers’ bias documentation & meetings replicability documentation & CC-BY license
• Construct wrong methodology Ciolkowski misalignment with RQsmodel-based theory
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Conclusions• First large-scale study on practitioners’ work
with NFRs in MDD processes Potentially interesting to three communities
• RE, MDD, ESE
• RE:Next! was a great opportunity Feedback from reviewers (and attendees, we hope) Early visibility and awareness Internal deadline
• First of a series! Interest already expressed in South America
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What’s Next!• Study ready to be conducted
• Data collection finalized
• Data analysis completed
• Study report produced• Paper planning available
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Questions to the audience• Any insights on the management of NFRs in
practice in MDD projects?• Any tips on empirical studies involving several
research teams?• Any recommendations in data analysis?• …