A brief history of(mostly)

Linux Containers/ a nested talk /

Kir Kolyshkin <kir@openvz.org>ContainerDays Boston, 5th of June 2015

Last Century

● 1999: Initial idea about Virtuozzo– “virtual environments” – groups of processes– a file system to share code / save RAM– resource management / isolation

● 2000: 5 engineers, public testing, 5000 VEs● User Beancounters: per-group limits● Al Viro: [mount] namespace

2001-2005: stone age

● 2001: Virtuozzo for … Windows (zOMG!!11one)● 2001: Linux-Vserver (Jacques Gélinas, Herbert Pötzl)

● 2002: First Virtuozzo release (2.0!)● 200?: Meiosys Metacluster, acq. by IBM in 2005 ● 2004: First VZWin release● 2004: CKRM, rsrc mgmt frmwrk frm IBM [FAIL]● 2005: OpenVZ as open source Virtuozzo

2006-2010: up the stream!

2006-2010: up the stream!

● Lots of new namespaces:– network– PID– IPC– User (only completed in 2013, Linux 3.9)

● 2006: live migration in OpenVZ● 2007: cgroups framework from Google [PASS]● 2008: LXC tool (a la vzctl)

2010-2015: contemporaneity

● 2010: OpenVZ Vswap, 3rd gen resource mgmt● 2010: ploop (CT in a file with bells and whistles)● 2011: CRIU aka chkpnt/rstr in usrspc● 2013: a plenty of container projects:

– Docker, lmctfy, CoreOS

● 2014: CRIU for Docker & LXC● 2015: OpenVZ re-born, new devel model,

new kernel & tools

Future!

● Virtuozzo 7● 4th gen of resource management: vcmmd

– More dynamic, with bursts, guarantees etc

● Proper port to POWER, ARM● CRIU: p.haul, integration

(http://criu.org/Integration)● MetaPC? Mosaic?