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Present Simple of be

Statements or Affirmative Sentences

I am He is You areI’m He’s You’re

She is We are

She’s We’re

It is They areIt’s They’re

Negative sentences

I am not He is not You are notI’m not He isn’t You aren’t

She is not We are not She isn’t We aren’t

It is not They are not

It isn’t They aren’t

Questions

Am I…? Is he…? Are you…?

Is she…? Are we…?

Is it…? Are they…?

Examples

• With agesCarlos is fifteen. Anna is fourteen.• With nationality wordsI’m Spanish. She is Turkish.• With jobsJim is a teacher. Are you a student?• With an adjectiveYou’re right. I’m happy. It’s easy.

More examples…

• With This/ThatThis is my bike. Is that your seat?• With question words: where, when, what,

who, why, how oldWhere is Jim? When is the next

lesson?What time is it? Who are you?Why are they here? How old are you?

Present Simple: AffirmativeFrequency Adverbs

We use the present simple to describe general facts, repeated actions and habits and things that are

always true:• General factsI like milk. They speak Turkish.Maria plays basketball. We live in Australia.• Repeated actions and habitsHarry often arrives late. I usually get up at

7.30.• Things that are always true.The sun rises in the East.The earth goes round the sun.

Statements

I walk to school every day. My brother usually walks with me.

I walk He walksYou walk She walksWe walk It walksThey walk

Spelling

Go goesMiss missesWatch watchesWash washesRelax relaxes

Always, usually, often, sometimes, never

Always 100% Tim always wears jeans.Usually 80% I usually go to bed at 9.30Often 60% Sue often goes to the cinema.Sometimes 40% Sam sometimes walks to

school.Never 0% It never rains here in August.

The frequency adverb goes between subject and verb.Monday always comes after Sunday.

Subject adverb of frequency verb

Present Simple: negative and questions

Negative sentencesI do not walk. He does not walk. You do not walk.I don’t walk. He doesn’t walk. You don’t walk.

She does not walk. We do not walk.

She doesn’t walk.We don’t walk.

It does not walk. They do not walk.

It doesn’t walk. They don’t walk.

Examples:I don’t drink coffee. They don’t speak Italian.Tom doesn’t play tennis. We don’t live in France.

Questions

Do I walk? Does he walk? Do you walk?

Does she walk? Do we walk?

Does it walk? Do they walk?

Examples:Do you like ice-cream? Do they speak Italian?Does Ana play basketball? Do you live in Australia?Does Harry often arrive later? Do you usually get up at 7.30?

Careful!

I walk, you walk, we walk BUT

He walks, she walks, it walks

He walks. Does he walk?

Present Continuous: affirmative

Statements or Affirmative sentences

I am waiting. He is waiting. You are waiting.I’m waiting. He’s waiting. You’re

waiting.

You are waiting. She is waiting. We are waiting.You’re waiting. She’s waiting. We’re waiting.

It is waiting. They are waiting.It’s waiting. They’re waiting.

Examples:I’m studying English. My brother’s talking on the telephone now.We’re swimming in the sea. She’s reading a book at the moment.

Spelling

• Verbs ending in one consonant, add –ing.wait waiting• Verbs ending in e, drop e and add –ing.Make making write writing• Verbs ending with one consonant, one vowel

and one consonant, double the consonant.Sit sitting cut cutting• Verbs ending in ie, change ie to y.Lie lying tie tying die dying• Verbs ending in a vowel and y, add –ing.Stay staying play playing say saying

Present Continuous: negative and questions

Negative sentencesI am not waiting. He is not waiting. You are not waiting.I’m not waiting. He isn’t waiting. You aren’t waiting.

She is not waiting. We are not waiting.She isn’t waiting. We aren’t waiting.

It is not waiting. They are not waiting.

It isn’t waiting. They aren’t waiting.Examples:

I ‘m not drinking milk.They aren’t playing football.

Questions

Am I waiting? Is he waiting? Are you waiting?

Is she waiting? Are we waiting?

Is it waiting? Are they waiting?

Examples:A: What are you doing? | A: Are you reading?B: I’m fixing my bike | B: No, I’m not reading.

Present Continuous and

Present Simple

Present Present ContinuousContinuous

To talk about things happening at the

moment.

Example: Jim is watching TV at the

moment.

Present SimplePresent Simple

To talk about habits and routines.

• Things we do often, every day, every week.

• Things that always happen.

Examples:I arrive at school at 8.30.The lesson finishes at 9.30.

Careful!

Joe lives in New York. He lives there all the time.

We are living near the station now. We want to move to another house soon.

Careful!

Verbs usually used with the present simple:

Cost This bike costs $200.Like Anna likes rap music.Know Do you know the answer?Understand I don’t understand this.Believe Do you believe me?

Careful!

Some verbs have one meaning in the simple form, but a different meaning in the continuous form.

Do you have a bike? = Do you own a bike? (in general)I’m having a great time! = It’s a great party! (at the moment)

I think this film is great! = I like this film a lot. (in general)Quiet! I’m thinking. = I’m doing a difficult exercise. (at the moment)