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STATUS OF LIVE POULTRY AND EVALUATION ON BIO-SECURITY CONDITIONS AMONG THE COMMERCIAL BROILER POULTRY FARMS
OF KATHMANDU, NEPAL
Pradhuman YadavB.V.Sc & A.H
Introduction Livestock is the source of livelihood,
income generation and employment. The contribution of the livestock is It 33.1
percent of share to the GDP (MOAD 2014/2015).
21,956 farm/farmers engaged in commercial poultry farming.
Per capita meat availability of commercial poultry is 4.1 kg/year. Per capita egg availability is 43.7 egg/year, (CBS, 2016).
Introduction contd…. Biosecurity is a practice designed to prevent
the spread of disease onto farm. Biosecurity is the cheapest, most effective
means of disease control available. No disease prevention program will work without it, (Joan, 1997).
Commercial poultry growers should be familiar with the specifics of their company’s biosecurity protocols and work closely with company representatives to implement those programs, (Dan and Brian, 2012).
Objectives General objective
To know the status of live poultry and evaluate on the biosecurity conditions among the commercial broiler poultry farms of Kathmandu district.
Objectives Contd… Specific objectives
To determine the status of live broiler poultry in Kathmandu district by questionnaire survey technique.
To study the evaluation of bio-security conditions in broiler farms of Kathmandu district by questionnaire survey technique.
Justification of study
The consumption of white meat is increasing due to growing health consciousness in the masses.
Protecting poultry flocks from microorganism contamination is an extremely important component of commercial poultry production environment.
Justification Contd…
The effectiveness of a biosecurity program can be optimized by regional participation.
Practicing sound biosecurity procedures every day as part of a best management program will help to reduce the possibility of contracting a disease and will reduce the spread of disease.
Limitation of the study
Time factor and budget
The limited number of samples
Study site was confined to Kathmandu district
Data recording system is not well developed in DLSO
The data obtained from farmers might be wrong.
Methodology Site of Study Study was conducted in Kathmandu district
Methodology Contd... Sample Size 50 broilers poultry farms. Questionnaire Survey Individual farm from farmers were selected
and history and relevant information was recorded.
Data Analysis Data entry was done in MS Excel. Graphs were prepared in Microsoft-Excel.
Results And Discussions
Status of live poultry Flock size
< 500 500-1000 1000-5000 >500005
101520253035404550
0
90 %
10 %0
flock size
Results Contd.... Distance of farms from market
5 km 10 km 15 km 20 km02468
10121416
17 %
31 %
23 %
29 %
Distance
Results Contd....
Biosecurity Practices of Biosecurity conditions in
farms Yes No
All in all out system
followed
50 (100%) 0 (0.00) %
Provision of foot dipping 22 (44%) 28 (56%)
Fenced farm 1 (2%) 49 (98%)
Application of lime 13 (26%) 37 (74%)
Visitors allowed to enter the
farm
4 (8%) 46 (92%)
Results Contd....Yes No
Mix birds from unknown
origin
0 (0.00%) 50 (100%)
Entrance of wild bird 0 (0.00%) 50 (100%)
Separate slippers, goods
etc. while working
50 (100%) 0 (0.00%)
Change dress while
entering farm
4 (8%) 46 (92%)
Results Contd....Yes No
Farm is attached with
technical persons
50 (100%) 0 (0.00%)
Disinfection of farm in
regular basis
50 (100%) 0 (0.00%)
Wash hand with soap
after touching the birds
50 (100%) 0 (0.00%)
Results Contd.... History of disease in farms
56%
44%
History of disease occurrenceyes no
Results Contd.... Provision of spraying the visitor and
vehicles
42%
58%
Spraying the visitor and vehiclesyes no
Results Contd....Results of general questions
Source of feed
Ready feeed Own prepared0102030405060
Source of feed
Source of feed
Results Contd.... Uses of antibiotics
2%
98%
Uses of anitibioticsAs a precautionary measure If a disease is diagnosed
Results Contd.... Main sources of water supply
62%
38%
Source of water
Tap waterTube well
Discussion Training and education of poultry handlers
regarding the basic concepts and requirements of personal hygiene (Adams and Moss, 1997).
Poultry handlers should furthermore understand the risks associated with contamination by microbiological hazards.
Poultry handlers are found that they won’t were overalls, hairnets, hardhats and gumboots.
Van Zyl, (1995), proposed that the overalls, hairnets, hardhats, gumboots and aprons should at all times be worn by poultry handlers.
Discussions contd…
Ziady, Small and Louis (1997), explained that the poultry handlers must undergo medical examinations.
Poultry handlers are probable sources of contaminations from micro organisms.
The hands of poultry handlers generally reflect the environment and also the habits of an individual (Jay, 1996).
Vehicles are also a potential source of diseases on the farms. The driver should observe all the required bio-security protocols, (Ali, 2011).
Conclusion The production of poultry has not been well
sufficient to fulfill the national demand, production by small holders being a major limiting factor.
The products of poultry (egg and meat) have always been playing in uplifting the life standard of small holders and total GDP of the country.
In most of the poultry farms good biosecurity practices was not enough. Implementation and maintained of a package of biosecurity measures, regular monitoring will lower the probability of contamination in poultry farms.
Recommendation Government and the consult authority have to
take initiative to the enforcement of biosecurity. At least foot bath should be established in each
farm before the entry to the farm. Organization of training courses for poultry
handlers to spread awareness about biosecurity principles, training and capacity building on biosecurity measures.
No visitors should be allowed to the farms. Handling and transportation with best biosecurity
measures.
THANK YOU !!!