Amplifying medium

Optical feedback Pumping process

Resonator

Solid-State Laser•Light Amplification by Stimulation Emission Radiation.

• Crystalline solid Amplifying medium.

• Ruby, ( doped )• Titanium Sapphire, (Ti doped )• Neodymium: Yttrium Lithium Fluoride, (Nd doped YLi)• Neodymium: Yttrium Vanadate laser, (Nd doped YV)• Alexandrite, ( doped Be)

Properties of crystalline solid

• Higher density gain.

• Good optical and thermal properties.

• Dopants’ ions are chosen for their specific radiative properties.

• Rare-earth ions (neodymium, erbium, holmium, thulium, europium)• Transition metals ions (chromium, titanium, nickel, cobalt, copper)• Actinide ions (Actinium, Thorium, Uranium, Plutonium, Einsteinium)

Working’s fundamentals

• Population inversion

• Spontaneous Emission

• Stimulated Emission

Population inversion

Spontaneous Emission Stimulated Emission

End of Presentation!

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