Silene ciliata (Caryophyllaceae) as a model species in a climate change scenario: our multidisciplinary

approaches

García-Fernández, A., Morente-López, J., Lara-Romero, C., Rubio-Teso, M.L., Iriondo, J.M.

Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, E-28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain.

10 years with Silene ciliata in 10 minutes using 10 slides

García-Fernández, A., Morente-López, J., Lara-Romero, C., Rubio-Teso, M.L., Iriondo, J.M.

Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, E-28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain.

• Circum-mediterranean alpine chamaephyte• Elevation range: 1500 – 2500 m• 2 important features: • Polyploid karyotypes

– 2n = 24 to 2n = 192

• Phenotype variability• Description of subspecies:

– Subsp. graffieri (Eastern mountains)– Subsp. ciliata (Western mountains)– Other subsp. and varieties

Silene ciliata Pourret

Introduction Past studies Current researches Future prospects

Silene ciliata Pourret

Introduction Past studies Current researches Future prospects

• Plastid markers support the existence of two subspecies

• More haplotype diversity in western group• Vicariance processes, dispersal barriers and

geographical disconnection associated to glaciation-interglaciation periods

Kyrkou et al. (2015) PeerJ

Introduction Past studies Current researches Future prospects

Silene ciliata Pourret• During the last decade, more than 10 papers

published with the species.• Mediterranean mountains, hotspot of

biodiversity and endemisms.• Altitudinal gradients summarize environmental

variabilities.

Introduction Past studies Current researches Future prospects

Silene ciliata Pourret• Floral asynchrony

Intermediate population

Low population

High population

Gimenez-Benavides et al. (2007) New Phyto.

Introduction Past studies Current researches Future prospects

Silene ciliata Pourret• Floral asynchrony• Local adaptation, reciprocal transplants

Intermediate population

Low population

High population

Gimenez-Benavides et al. (2007) Ann. Bot.

Introduction Past studies Current researches Future prospects

Silene ciliata Pourret• Floral asynchrony• Local adaptation, drought resistance

Intermediate population

Low population

High population

Fv/

Fm p

htos

ynte

tic

stat

us

Days without water supply

García-Fernández et al. (2012) Plant Bio.

Low pop.Inter. pop.High pop.

Introduction Past studies Current research Future prospects

Silene ciliata Pourret • Central – marginal hypothesis• Niche model prediction in Central Spain

GuadarramaGredosBéjar

Introduction Past studies Current research Future prospects

Silene ciliata Pourret

• Central population

• Marginal populations

• Central – marginal theory• Niche model prediction in Central Spain• Populations selection, based in:

– 3 mountains– Different population size

Introduction Past studies Current research Future prospects

Silene ciliata Pourret • Central – marginal theory• Niche model prediction in Central Spain• Populations selection• Two complementary approaches:

Ex situ sowing experiment at optimum conditions in growth chamber and greenhouse environment (mother plant x type of cross x block x pop. = 8640 seeds).

In situ sowing experiment at the locations of the 6 marginal populations (mother plant x type of cross x block x pop. = 24000 seeds)

Introduction Past studies Current research Future prospects

Silene ciliata Pourret

Reference-based transcriptome assembly

Silene latifolia Reference Genome

T G T C G G T C TT G T C G G T C T

T G T C A G T C TT G T C A G T C T

SNP calling – Reads2SNP

High

Low

Differential expression

Candidate Genes

High

Low Candidate Genes

Functional annotation&

Enrichment analysis

• Next Generation Sequencing. • Transcriptome analyses and SNP calling.

Introduction Past studies Current research Future prospects

Silene ciliata Pourret

Thanks for your attention

Prof. Jose M. IriondoGroup leader

Javier Morente-LópezPh.D student

Luisa RubioPh.D student

Dr. Alfredo García-Fernández

Dr. Carlos Lara-Romero

RUI AGI CAM SES NAJMOR

F1F2

F3

F1>F2F1<F3 F1=F2,F3 F1=F2,F3F1=F2,F3

Inbreeding depression

No inbreeding depression

F1<F2

Adaptation from MOR

Maladaptation from RUI

In situ

F1<F2,F3F1<F2,F3 F1=F2,F3 F1=F2,F3

Inbreeding depression No inbreeding depression

F1<F2,F3

Inbreeding depression

Ex situ F1=F2,F3

He= 0.63FIS= 0.33Ne= 10

He= 0.75FIS= 0.32Ne= 25

He= 0.66FIS= 0.19Ne= 12

He= 0.70FIS= -0.12Ne= inf

He= 0.70FIS= 0.39Ne= 66

He= 0.51FIS= 0.31Ne= 131

Introduction Past studies Current research Future prospects

Introduction Past studies Current research Future prospects

Silene ciliata Pourret • Next Generation Sequencing. • Transcriptome analyses and SNP calling

– 288 genes expressed differentially