Pacome fsoc2015 presentation

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Security for Resilient Power Grids inResource Constrained Environment

Pacome Landry AMBASSA

HPI PhD Research School in CS4ADepartment of Computer Science

University of Cape Town; South Africamailto:[email protected]

10th Annual Symposium on Future Trends in Service Oriented Computing 2015Doctoral Symposium

Hasso Plattner Institut; Potsdam, Germany

P. L. AMBASSA (HPI in CS4A) Security in Power Network 17-06-2015 1 / 13

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Outline

1 Introduction

2 Micro-grid Architecture

3 Preliminary ResultsPower network MonitoringSecurity against energy theft

4 Conclusion


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Introduction

Introduction: Context

Low resource environment

Computational limitations

Intermittent Networkconnectivity

Unstable power connectivity


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Introduction

Introduction: Motivation

Inexpensive and efficient formation and operation of so-calledmicro-grids, primarily based on renewable energy to ensure fair accessor distribution of electricity to disadvantaged communities.

Re-modeling the micro-grid architecture

Incorporate portable and cheap informationand communication technology

Mobile computing devices popular indeveloping countries

Inexpensive sensors with limited trust

Wireless communication technology.


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Micro-grid Architecture

Proposed Micro-grid Framework


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Secure Resilient Micro-grid Architectures

1 Micro-grids based on distributed generation ( on renewableincluding PV or wind) and network management

2 Distributed generation (mix Smaller private generators and sharedgenerator) across small communities

3 Fluctuations in energy production may not allow instant satisfactionof all demand

4 Power network modelTree topology with branches to each house

5 Communication networkHierarchical with three layered architectures


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Problem Statement...

Research Problems1 Problem #1: Power network monitoring ...

For monitoring and controlling small-scale electricity grids tocounteract fluctuations in energy production and consumption

2 Problem #2: secure the grid against energy theft, potential fraud,and simple mistakes,

Limited trustworthiness of metering device and unreliability of thenetwork

3 Problem #3: Privacy and trust in the power usedata can be used to profile individual and their behaviors:jeopardize privacy


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Preliminary Results Power network Monitoring

Household Network

à Ambassa, Kayem, Wolthusen & Meinel , “Secure and Reliable Power Consumption Monitoring in Untrustworthy Micro-grids”, In Proc.,First international Conference, FNSS 2015 , pp. 166-180


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Preliminary Results Power network Monitoring

Collection of home power consumption data

Idea: Use Distributedsnapshot algorithm to computethe global state of thehousehold power consumption

Use a k edges spanningtree as a communicationgraphUse delay snapshot tocollect a vector of datameasured during an intervalof timeThe global state representsthe lower bound ofhousehold’s consumption

Figure 1: Communication Tree


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Preliminary Results Security against energy theft

Errors Characterization in Power Consumption Data

Errors

Measurement Errors

Systematic errors Random errors

Maliciously Induced Errors

random falsedata injection

Targeted falsedata injection


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Errors

Measurement Errors






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Errors

Measurement Errors






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Power Consumption Modeling

Four Category of LoadsResistive Loads

Deterministic ON-OFF model [Barker et al.,2013]

Inductive LoadsPiecewise polynomial function

Non-linear LoadsNon deterministic and vary randomly

Composite LoadsPiecewise function

Household aggregates LoadsFunction That represent the summation of individuals loads over atime interval: Monotonically increasing function

à Ambassa, Kayem, Wolthusen & Meinel , “ Modeling and Collection of Micro-Grids Power Consumption Data in the Presence ofAdversaries”,CRITIS, May 2015,(Under review)


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Conclusion

Conclusion

Micro-grids networks are a cost effective solution for providingaccess to electricity service in rural communities

Privacy, security and trust in power grids are major problems

We proposed:

Framework for a cost efficient network for power sharing inconstrained resource environmentDelay snapshot algorithm to collect individual applianceconsumptionPower consumption modeling that serves as a baseline for normalconsumptionErrors characterization in data collection


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Thank you for your kind attention !!!
