Introduction to PHARMACY profession

Presented by:-Zauwad Alam

2nd semester M.PharmDept. of Quality Assurance

Pharmacy

The science and art concerned with the preparation and standardization of drugs.

#Its scope includes:-Science of MedicinesManufacuring, Distribution of Medicines for MankindTreatment and Prevention of Diseases

Pharmacist

• The profession of pharmacy exists to safeguard the health of the public• The pharmacist is one who is licensed to prepare and dispense

medications, counsel patients, and monitor outcomes pursuant to a prescription from a licensed health professional• The role of the modern pharmacist evolved• from compounder and dispenser• to providing medication information and preventing medication-related

problems

Pharmacists

• They are responsible for the preparation of the dosage forms of drugs, such as tablets, capsules, and sterile solutions for injection. • They compound physicians’, dentists’, and veterinarians’ prescriptions

for drugs.

Evolution of the Pharmacist’s Role

During the twentieth century, the pharmacy profession has evolved through four stages.

• Traditional Era• Scientific Era• Clinical Era• Pharmaceutical-care Era

Traditional Era

• Early twentieth century• Formulation and dispensing of drugs from natural sources• Pharmacognosy

• The study of the medicinal properties of natural products of animal, plant, and mineral origins

• Galenical pharmacy• Techniques for preparing medications

Scientific Era

• Began after World War II • Emergence of the pharmaceutical industry• Drugs made in factories, not apothecary shop

• Pharmacy education emphasized sciences• Pharmacology

• The scientific study of drugs and their mechanism of action including side effects• Pharmaceutics

• Release characteristics of drug dose forms

Clinical Era

• 1975: Millis Report, Pharmacists for the Future• New educational emphasis on clinical (patient-oriented) pharmacy• Pharmacokinetics

• the activity of a drug within the body over a period of time; includes absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination

• Pathophysiology• the study of disease and illnesses affecting the normal function of the body

Pharmaceutical-Care Era

• 1990: Hepler and Strand defined• Pharmaceutical care• a philosophy that expanded the pharmacist’s role to include appropriate

medication use to achieve positive outcomes with prescribed drug therapy• includes

• Monitoring response to therapy• Educating patients and dispensing prescriptions

What Do Pharmacists Do?

• Specialize in dispensing drugs prescribed by physicians.

• Provide information to patients about their side effects and use.

• Pharmacists must understand the composition of medicines, as well as the laws that regulate their manufacture and sale.

• Order and store medicines, keeping them safe, pure, and effective.

• Required by law to maintain records of the drugs they handle.

Types of Pharmacists• Ambulatory-visit inpatients in hospitals

• Clinical-work in clinics of private practices or hospitals

• Retail-community chain pharmacy

• Government-U.S food and/or drug public health services

• Home Care-work with ill people in homes

Cont.….

• Academic-teachers

• Hospital-main hospital pharmacy

• Research-researchers

• Industrial-drug companies

• Nuclear-work with nuclear medicine

• Independent-own a pharmacy

Pillars of Pharmaceutical Sciences:• Pharmaceutical Chemistry• Pharmaceutics• Pharmacology• Pharmacognosy• Pharmaceutical Analysis

Drug Regulatory Affairs

INTERNATIONALUnited state of food and drug administration(USFDA)World Health Organization (WHO)

INDIAGovernment of India Directory of Health and Family Welfare

Drug controller general of India(DCGI) Ministry of Health and Family Welfare

facts

• In terms of net exports:“India topped the world in exporting Generic

Drugs worth US $ 15 billion in 2014”

BUSINESS (B.Pharm)

• Own Industry• Own Distribution Agency or Pharmacy Shop

INDUSTRIAL PHARMACY

CLINICAL RESEARCH

Great potential for testing new drugs

• Indian Pharma graduates have a key role in developing new drugs in both

PRE-CLINIAL and CLINICAL TRAILS for treating critical diseases and for ensuring safety and efficacy for patients before release into market.

Key role as COMMUNITY PHARMACISTEvaluates a patient's drug-related needs

● Determine whether the patient has any actual or potential drug- related problems,● Works with the patient and other healthcare professionals to design, implement and monitor a therapeutic plan that will resolve/prevent the problem

HOSPITAL PHARMACY

• Pharmacist in Army, Navy, Air force & Govt. Hospitals• Drug Inspectors –Govt of INDIA and State level• Scientists- Food and Drugs,I.P, ICMR,CIMAP,IICT-laboratories• Govt.University Proffesors and HODs • Oppurtunity to be Selected in UPSC and State Public Service

Commissions.• Goverment Analysts and Forensic Scientists• Research on tropical diseases, Public health• Govt.Certified Pharmacologist &Toxicologist• Govt. Approved Chemist• Consultants ( Mental health,Addiction, family planning, poisons, self-

medication, immunization)

Higher Education(After B.Pharm.)

In India,M. Pharm.(GPAT) M.B.A. (CAT) M.S (GPAT)Pharmaceutics Pharma

Management NIPER

Medicinal Chemistry

Finance BITS-Pilani

Regulatory Affairs MarketingPharmacologyPharmacognosyQuality AnalysisPharma.chemistryQuality Assurance Cosmoceutic Pharm. Biotechnology

Abroad, opportunities…M.S M.B.A

(Pharma).

PhD and Post Doc Research work in various

Universities and

Organizations

GRE-USA GMAT

TOEFL-USA, UK TOEFL-USA, UK

IELTS-AUS,CANADA,UK,NEW ZEALAND

IELTS-AUS,CANADA UK,NZ

Work as registered Pharmacist in Middle East and in Gulf .

ADVANTAGE INDIA, bright future for Pharmacy Graduates….• Slowing Chinese Economy and Exports, an opportunity for Indian

Pharma.• Government policy for MAKE IN INDIA,SKILLED YOUTH programs• Competent work force with English in basic education• Cost-effective Clinical trails, Chemical synthesis pipeline for new

chemical entities.• Strong Legal and financial frame work -IPR• Vibrant Information & Technology of data analytics

Always Dream BIG