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Increasing maize productivity and varietal diversity in Pakistan:
Experiences from CIMMYT-AIP
AbduRahman Beshir (PhD)[email protected]
14th Oct. 2014, University of Agriculture Faisalabad
Outline
CIMMYT and GMP in brief
Maize in Pakistan
Opportunities and challenges
AIP-maize projects
Diversity of maize germplasms under AIP
AIP maize partners
CIMMYT and Global Maize Program
A non-profit R4D international organization
Research in the 1940-50s and officially in 1966
More than 700 staff from 38 countries in 18 offices
A major custodian of world’s maize and wheat
150,000 wheat and 27,000 maize accessions
CIMMYT’s Global Programs
CIMMYT’s-GMP
Use maize genetic resources to provide high yielding varieties
Work with partners to generate and share knowledge
Offer training in maize breeding and crop management
About 50 internationally recruited scientists
GMP projects: DTMA,IMAS,IRMA,WEMA,HTMA…
MAIZE-CRP (http://maize.org)
Maize in Pakistan
The third most important cereal crop
Area coverage 1.12 million ha. (PBS,2013)
First in productivity among all cereals
In an increasing trend in the past and projected to
increase in the future
Maize production increased by 76% (1994-2013)
Food, feed and alternative energy
Opportunities
Diverse agro ecology (Spring and Kharif)
Potential to achieve high yield per unit area
Demand is projected to increase (food, feed)
Export potential (China, Afghanistan, Iran, ME)
The untapped seed and wet milling industry
Growing middle class and food habit
Available technologies for maize farming
Challenges
Lack of diverse maize germplasm
Low variety turn over: between 1993-2012
Pakistan 16 varieties ( 6 hybrids)
India 104 varieties (64 hybrids)
South Africa > 400 varieties
Absence of vibrant maize seed industry (> 85% seed import)
Lack of skill in variety development & seed production
Poor agronomic practices
Climate change : planting and harvesting dates…
Maize seed import and value in USD in Pakistan (drawn from FSC&RD data)
Rs 3.6 Billion Annually
AIP maize project areas
Climate resilient maize
Biofortified maize
Maize tolerant to biotic stresses
Enhancing the maize seed sector
Diversity of maize varieties under AIP
Introduction and evaluation of more than 680 maize germplasm:
332 white maize hybrids
30 white maize OPVs
28 yellow maize hybrids
50 white QPM
10 Yellow QPM
24 Provitamin A hybrids
75 Provitamin A inbreds for evaluation
Seed increase of 137 parental lines
Diverse maturity group: EPOP, EHYB, IHYB, LHYB
Public-private partnership in variety evaluation
NARS involved in AIP-maize variety evaluation
No Partner institution Province1 Maize and Millet Research Institute (MMRI) Punjab
2 Cereal Crops Research Institute (CCRI) KPK
3 National Agricultural Research Center (NARC) ICT
4 Jullundur Private Ltd Punjab
5 Four brothers seed company Punjab
6 Ali Akbar Group Punjab
7 ICI Pakistan Ltd Punjab
8 Petal Seed Company KPK
9 Agricultural Research Institute (ARI)-Dadu Sindh
10 Agricultural Research Institute (ARI)-Quetta Balochistan
11 Agricultural Research Institute (ARI)-Gilgit Gilgit Baltistan
12 Department of Agriculture AJK
13 University of Agriculture Faisalabad Punjab
14 University of Agriculture Peshawar KPK
15 Tara Crop Sciences Punjab
16 Kanzo Seeds Pvt Punjab
17 Tassko seeds Pvt Sindh
AIP maize- trial sites in Pakistan
Preliminary results of the top 10 white hybrids out of 40, LHYB14 Spring 2014
Entry Name Yield t/ha Rank
8 CZH131007 11.16 1
12 CZH132064 9.77 218 CZH132070 9.77 3
20 CZH132073 9.59 4
21 CZH132074 9.57 5
9 CZH131008 9.34 6
7 CZH131006 9.34 7
39 Local check 9.28 8
22 CZH132075 9.28 9
1 CZH122 9.22 10Mean 7.64
LSD (0.05) 1.85
MSe 1.28
CV 14.80
p 0.000
Thank you!
