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Crowd-sourcing ecology: Predicting plant attractiveness to pollinators from
internet image searches
Christie Bahlai and Douglas LandisMichigan State University
Restoring landscapes to support pollinatorsUse plant communities that are:
Attractive DiverseLocally adaptedNative
Is there a better way?Goal: identify candidate plants for locally
customized habitat restoration
Can we use existing data to help narrow our search?
Hypothesis People like to take pictures of plants in bloom People like to post pictures on the internet Some of the pictures will capture insect visitations
Plants that are highly attractive to pollinators will be photographed being visited by pollinators more frequently
Ellen Booraem, http://ellenbooraem.blogspot.com/
ApproachDetermine search terms and engines to useSearch for images of plants with
experimentally known pollinator visitation rates
See if relative visitation rate observed in searches ‘predicts’ relative attractiveness of flower
Search terms and enginesPlant species Search term
Search engine Latin name Common name
"Beneficial Insect"
"Insect" "Bee"
"Honey Bee"
Bing Vicia faba Fava Bean 0 (7) 0 6 1 (17)Fagopyrum esculentum Buckwheat 0 (7) 5 8 3Coriandrum sativum Coriander 0 (19) 0 3 0 (27)Lobularia maritima Sweet Alyssum 1 1 3 4Anethum graveolens Dill 0 0 1 0 (21)Total 1 6 21 8
Vicia faba Fava Bean 2 3 11 8Fagopyrum esculentum Buckwheat 1 3 7 4Coriandrum sativum Coriander 1 4 2 2Lobularia maritima Sweet Alyssum 1 1 2 2Anethum graveolens Dill 1 3 0 0Total 6 14 22 16
Testing the associationExisting surveys:
Tuell et al 2008 (Apis and non-Apis bees)
Fieldler 2006 (Syrphid flies)
Search Google images for “[plant species] bee” Record number of images with each taxa in them
Photos: John Severns, Wojciech Ochwat, Kevin Hall
ResultsRelationships between
visitation rates in field for non-Apis bees, syrphids
No relationship for Apis bees
Model
Slope (field/
images) Pseudo-R2
Apis bees - -
Non-Apis
bees*
0.10±0.04 0.668
Syrphids 0.08±0.72 0.003
DiscussionNeat! It worked (for non-Apis bees)!Why were no relationships observed for Apis
bees?
Photos: John Severns, Wojciech Ochwat, Kevin Hall