AFGHANISTAN

By : Ezatullah Rabanizada

Research's Student

Faculty: Life and Environmental Science

Shimane University , Japan

28/10/2014

Islamic Republic of Afghanistan

Flag Emblem

INTRODUCTION NAME: Afghanistan

LOCATION: Central Asia, south Asia

GOVERNMENT: Islamic republic

AREA: 652,864 km2

CAPITAL: Kabul

POPULATION: 30 million

OFFICIAL LANGUAGE: Dari (official) 50%, Pashto (official) 35%, MAJOR RELIGION(S):  Muslim 99%, other 1%.

MAJOR ETHNIC GROUPS :Pashtun 42%, Tajik 27%, Hazara 9%, Uzbek 9%, Aimak 4%, Turkmen 3%, Baloch 2%, other 4%.

HISTORY From the Upper Paleolithic , Neolithic and Bronze Age , Afghanistan has always been a corridor for trade between the Caspian culture, Bactrian and Indian . Between 1600 and 1000 BC, the country was inhabited by people of Indo-European origin. The main economic activities were, until the twentieth century , grazing and cultivation of opium. at least 50,000 years ago humans were living in Afghanistan The first name of this country was Ariana and the second was Khorasan and finally the name change to Afghanistan on 18 century.The people how live in this this country is called Afghan.

advanced urbanized culture has existed since 3000-2000 BCE

Type of Government : PresidentialMr. Dr. Ashraf Ghazni (Ahmad zai) is president and head of the nation

Afghan Parliament

Lower house/house of the people

It has god 250 members

Upper house/house of elders

It has god 102 members

The ancient satrapies (Provinces) of Afghanistan

Herat

Mazar-e-Sharif Ghazni

Kabul

Four Seasons

The currency of Afghanistan:Afghani

National Park

Band-e- Amir Wakhan

Touristic Places

Bodha, BAMIAN Band-e- Amir

Herat historical places

Mazar-e-Sharif Bost fortress HELMAND

Kabul

Ghazni

Kandahar

EDUCATION : 63% Population is educated and education is free from kindergarten to degree.8million and 100 hundred children go to school 38% are girls, more than 14000 school, more than 190000 teacher.81 Government and privet Universities are there in Afghanistan. 65% men and 48% women are educated.

AGRICULTURE Afghanistan has always been a traditional economy, based on agriculture,

71.6% people are working in Agriculture sector and 9.7% industry, 18.7% services.Afghanistan has 75 billion cubic meters (BCM) annual water with 25 large rivers, hundreds small rivers, about thousands canals and mountains full of snows, estimates that this water supply is sufficient to irrigate approximately 7.7 million hectares (ha) of land, significantly more than the 3.2 million ha that are currently irrigated. However, the challenge is distribution of the water management so government of Afghanistan attempt to achieve to these challenges, and I also come to Shimane university, Japan to study and research about The calculation technique of required amount of water in irrigation area to have efficiency role to development of irrigation, Agriculture , economy and development of my country.

AMO river Helmand river

Kabul river Murghub river Harirud river

Hindokush Mountains

Traditional Agriculture

Modern Agriculture

Afghan Fruit &export Afghanistan is one of the leading producers of Fresh Fruit, Dry Fruit & Nuts in the world.

Dry fruit : also make the biggest portion of Afghan exports

Copper, Gas, Coal, Precious stones And other natural elements are being Exported to regional countries

Afghanistan exports wool, and pure silk

45% of the exports makes Carpets & Rugs and 326$ million is income in a year.

CULTURE: GREETING &MEETINGSmall talk almost always precedes any formal conversation.

It's appropriate to inquire about one's health, families, etc., before dealing with business. The "get to the point" mentality is usually seen as rude.  Setting a friendly mood will get you a lot further than trying to be direct about anything.

Custom (Clothing)

Foods There is a lot of food the famous is Qabli Palow, Stick(Kabab) , Bolani, Ashak(Manto) vegetables and e.t.c

Kabab Qabli Palow

Bolani and Dogh Manto

Bread

SportFamous Sport: Bozkashi , Good at Cricket, Football, Taekwondo

Kite-fighting is also a popular pastime among Afghan youth

HolidayNawrouz, Religious Eids: Eid Fetr And Eid Adha , National day also there are some other holydays and Friday is public holiday.

THANK YOU !