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PREVENTING / COUNTERING VIOLENT
EXTREMISM (P / CVE) IN GEORGIA
ONNIK JAMES KRIKORIAN
Tbilisi International Forum on Counter-Terrorism, Geopolitics, and State Security
International Council of Economics and Law, 11 December 2015
PLAY VIDEO: ASHRAF AL KHALED
DUISI, PANKISI GORGE, GEORGIA © ONNIK JAMES KRIKORIAN 2015
– J.M. Berger, Counter terrorism Exper t, ISIS: The State of Terror co-author
“[…] millions of people are fleeing ISIS territories, while mere
thousands have traveled to join the group. […] the Islamic State’s
ideological sympathisers make up less than 1 percent of the
world’s population, even using the most hysterically alarmist
estimates, and […] active, voluntary par ticipants in its caliphate
project cer tainly make up less than a tenth of a percent.”
SUPPORT FOR ISIL
– Quantum Communications, Interviews with 49 current and former members of extremist groups in Iraq and Syria
WHY IRAQ AND SYRIA?
– Richard Barrett CMG OBE, former Head of Counter terrorism, MI6, and co-founder of United Nations Counter Terrorism Implementation Task Force (CTITF)
“The consequences for society of so many people being exposed
to the violence and brutality of war and to radical extremist
groups at the forefront of the fighting are unpredictable, but
unlikely to be positive.”
RETURNING FTFs
• measures to address the conditions conducive to the spread of terrorism;
• measures to prevent and combat terrorism;
• measures to build states’ capacity to prevent and combat terrorism […];
• measures to ensure respect for human rights for all and the rule of law
as the fundamental basis for the fight against terrorism.
UN CTITF FOUR PILLARS
– United Nations Counter-Terrorism Implementation Task Force (CTITF)
– Resolution 2178, United Nations Security Council
“[…] the United Nations […] Encourages Member States to engage
relevant local communities and non-governmental actors in
developing strategies to counter the violent extremist narrative
that can incite terrorist acts, address the conditions conducive to
the spread of violent extremism, […], including by empowering
youth, families, women, religious, cultural and education
leaders, and […] civil society […].”
WHAT IS CVE?
– Humera Khan, Executive Director, Muflehun
“Countering violent extremism (CVE) is the use of non-coercive
means, to dissuade individuals or groups from mobilising towards
violence, and to mitigate recruitment, support or engagement
in ideologically motivated or justified terrorism, by non-state
actors, in fur therance of political objectives.”
WHAT IS CVE?
• BUILDING AWARENESS
• COUNTERING EXTREMIST NARRATIVES
• EMPHASISING COMMUNITY LED INTERVENTION
• RELIGIOUS LEADERS AND FAITH ENGAGEMENT
• CIVIL SOCIETY
• YOUTH ENGAGEMENT
• SOCIAL MEDIA ENGAGEMENT
WHAT IS CVE?
– Countering Violent Extremism (CVE) Summit, U.S. White House
– Humera Khan, Executive Director, Muflehun
“Social media and online tools are crucial for our work. Our
audience are young people and the online space is part of their
life. For many youth, online and offline are seamlessly
integrated and we need to communicate with them through
all channels.”
SOCIAL MEDIA AND CVE
• POSITIVE AND ALTERNATIVE NARRATIVES
• STRATEGIC COUNTER NARRATIVES
• ETHICAL COUNTER NARRATIVES
• IDEOLOGICAL AND RELIGIOUS COUNTER NARRATIVES
• TACTICAL COUNTER NARRATIVES
• HUMOUR AND SARCASM (SATIRE)
Developing Effective Counter-Narratives In Countering Violent Extremism (CVE) Hedayah Centre, September 2014
COUNTER NARRATIVES
– Rachel Briggs OBE, (formerly) Institute for Strategic Dialogue (ISD)
“There are no more credible messengers than those who have
been touched personally by violent extremism.”
MESSENGERS
– Submission to the Pankisi Times
“The religion of Pankisi is Islam. Muslims go to do Jihad. Nowadays,
Jihad is in Syria. Teenagers from Pankisi go to Syria to do Jihad.
They think that it is the right way. A lot of teenagers died in Syria
for Allah. They think that when they die in Jihad they will go to
heaven. They fight against Assad soldiers.”
GEORGIA
– Bennett Clifford, Wake Forest University / Georgian Foundation of Strategic and International Studies (GFSIS)
“If unchecked, tensions between Christians and Muslims,
particularly in Adjara, can contribute to the perception among
Georgian Muslims that it is impossible for them to maintain their
institutions and way of life in a Christian-dominant society.”
GEORGIA
– Bennett Clifford, Wake Forest University / Georgian Foundation of Strategic and International Studies (GFSIS)
“A lack of opportunities for formal Islamic education,
fragmented Muslim institutions, and a lack of local civil
society measures have created strong inroads for more
conservative iterations of Islam, including Salafi Islam, to create a
substantial ideological presence.”
GEORGIA
PLAY VIDEO: INTERVIEW BY RFE/RL WITH MOTHER OF GEORGIAN ISIL FIGHTER
– J.M. Berger, Counter terrorism Exper t, ISIS: The State of Terror co-author
“Would it have been better to act earlier? Sure, but it's not like
this issue is going away any time soon. Or ever.”
A FINAL WORD
CONTACTEMAIL
WEB http://www.onnik-krikorian.com
http://www.facebook.com/onewmphoto
TWITTER http://www.twitter.com/onewmphoto
