Knowledge Society : Challenges and Opportunities for Economic and Territorial Development

Knowledge Society: Challenges and Opportuni8es for Economic and

Territorial Development Role of Higher Educa8on and Research Ins8tu8ons

Isam SHAHROUR Vice President “Research and Valoriza:on”

University of Science and Technology of Lille, France

Yousif A. Sayigh Development Lecture 2011

Pales8ne Economic Policy Research Ins8tute (MAS), Ramallah, Pales8ne, December 20, 2011

Ageing

Unemployment

Energy Crisis

Financial Crisis

Environment Clima8c Change Health care

Security

Advanced Economy Crises

and ….

Transport, Conges8on

Ageing

Unemployment

Energy Crisis

Financial Crisis

Health

Security

Developing countries Crises

Corrup8on Educa8on and Higher Educa8on

Poli8cal stability and,…

Transport, Conges8on

Environment Clima8c Change

What can we do ? Which Solu8on ?

The Knowledge society ?

With globaliza,on and the technological revolu,on, knowledge : -‐ has become the key driver of compe88veness -‐ is profoundly reshaping the pa=erns of economic growth and ac8vity.

Q1 : What are the main social and economic challenges ?

Q2 : Could the Knowledge society be a per,nent response?

Q3 : Which Strategies are proposed for a knowledge-‐based

society ?

Q4 : What is the role of the university ?

Q5 : What can we do ?

5 ques8ons

Q1 : What are the main social and economic challenges ? Q2 : Could the Knowledge society be a per,nent response? Q3 : Which Strategies are proposed for the development of a knowledge-‐based society ? Q4 : What is the role of the university ? Q5 : What can we do ?

5 ques8ons

Energy crisis High consump,on (transport, industry, domes,c, ) But with limited resources

Organiza8on for Economic Co-‐opera8on and Development

Energy crisis : Security

Blackout: •  Italy 2003, 55 Million •  Indonesia 2005, 100 Million

Black out, United States, 2003 50 Million people

24 hours for full recovery Economic Cost : $6 to $10 billion

Energy crisis Impact on the environment : Co2, Clima,c Change, global warming,..

Nuclear power, the great challenge Ra8o of Nuclear Power in Electricity genera8on (%)

France Germany

Fukushima Disaster

Globaliza8on, the free market economy

Industrial and service Reloca8on

Irvington, New Jersey

Labor costs : operator Hour

25$

1 $

Environmental challenges Industrial pollu,on

In France, Sites concerned

air pollu8on in Europe : Cost up to € 170 billion in 2009

Agriculture pollu8on

75% > admissible limit

Pes8cide Concentra8on in water resources (France)

Financial crisis

Unemployment Consequences on •  Economy •  Social cohesion •  prosperity •  Poli,cal stability

Unemployment rate in Europe (2011)

Unemployment rate in France 2011

> 16%

< 2%

Popula8on ageing

•  Re8rement funding •  Health and social care •  Customized services

Popula8on ageing Dependency Ra8os

10%

28%

Dependency Ra,os Popula8on ageing


2nd ques8on

The Knowledge society

Knowledge versus Informa8on

Knowledge Informa8on Sharing

Time to double the interna8onal “knowledge”

Period Time Period 1 1 750 years

Period 2 150 years Period 3 50 years Now 5 years By 2020 73 days

Knowledge produc8on, faster and faster

Knowledge increase

Increase in patent applica8on

During the last 20 years : increase from 100 000 to 500 000

Example, advances in Genome screening

Genome screening cost 2001

100 Million $

2007 10 Million $

2011 20 000 $

Capacity to deal with

Knowledge

Time

Less advanced

More Advanced

Informa8on and communica8on technology (ITC) Revolu8on: Connected world

ICT Revolu8on: Connected people

Connected people

July 2010 500 million

October 07 50 million

Now : 800 million

Knowledge Impact on the Economy

Between 70 and 80% of the economic growth is due to new and be=er Knowledge

Innova,on : •  New ideas to do things be=er or faster. •  New products or new services •  New skilled working force

Knowledge economy is based on innova8on

Focused on young well-‐educated workers Young are innova,ve : they do not know the limits of their knowledge and skills, therefore they exceed them.

Knowledge economy is based on innova8on

Knowledge and technology in produc8on TV Industry

Knowledge and technology in the city

²  Intelligent sensors ²  Communica,on technology ²  Real ,me monitoring ²  Ac,ve control

Stokcholm Rio de Janeiro


3rd ques8on

To overcome social and economic challenges: Strategies at various levels:

²  Europe ²  Country ²  Region ²  Metropolis

The European Strategy (Lisbon 2000-‐2010)

European Strategy

Framework Programs for Research and Development

FP7, 50 Billion €

FP5 15 : Billion €

FP2 : 5 Billion €

FP8, 80 Billion (??)

FP1 : 3 Billion €

European Framework Programs for Research and Development

About Euro 350 billion (36% of the EU budget)

The European Strategy (Lisbon 2000-‐2010) : Make the European Union : -‐  “The most compe,,ve and dynamic knowledge-‐

based economy in the world -‐  Capable of sustaining growth with more and

be=er jobs and greater social cohesion”

European Strategy (By 2020)

-‐  Compe,,veness Clusters (2005) -‐  Na,onal Strategy for Research and Innova,on (2009) -‐  Program « Investment for Future » (2010)

Na,onal Strategy, France

Competitiveness Clusters (2005)

Public – private partnership : Crea,on of industrial & economic compe,,ve clusters

Industry, Companies

Higher Education & Research

State

Local Authorities

Reinforce the economic compe88veness through :

Ø  Innova,on

Ø  Support to high technology Industrial ac,vity

Ø  Interna,onaliza,on

Ø A=rac,veness

71 Compe88veness Clusters

Na8onal Strategy for Research and Innova8on (2009)

Na8onal Priori8es: Aler a large regional and na8onal discussion involving academic, industrial, local authori8es, end-‐users,.

Ø  Health, food and biotechnologies Ø  Environment and eco-‐technologies Ø  Informa8on, communica8on Ø  Nanotechnology

“Investment for the Future” (32 billion €)

University Ø  Excellence in research Ø  Excellence in Higher Educa,on Ø  Excellence in technology transfer

University – Industry partnership Ø  Excellence Research and Technology Ø  Excellence in decarbonized energy Ø  Excellence in Health and

Biotechnology


4th ques8on

The University : Role and expectations

Organisa,on for Economic Co-‐opera,on and Development

(OECD)

•  Training of human capital (primarily through teaching). •  Crea,on of knowledge bases (mainly through research). •  Dissemina,on of knowledge (primarily through interac5on

with users of knowledge). •  Knowledge conserva,on (storage and intergenera5onal

transmission of knowledge).

For a per8nent role in the knowledge-‐based economy, the university should:

1) Develop a new academic and governance culture : Quality, evalua,on, interna,onal openness, social accountability

2) Adapt the educa,on model : more skilled people, skills should be updated regularly (long-‐life learning), Priority for female par,cipa,on in higher educa,on.

3) Adapt the research approach : knowledge produc,on in the context of applica,ons : -‐  Problem solving approach -‐  Based on large mul,disciplinary interac,on

Difficulty: Different from the academic community approach (more fundamental and disciplinary)

For a per8nent role, the university should :

•  Europe : Excellence, economic development •  State : Excellence, students professional enrollment,

economic development •  Local Authori8es : Economic and social development •  Private sector : Capacity to deal with industrial issues •  Students : Excellence, professional enrollment, campus life

quality

Challenges for the university : Funding, compe88veness


5th ques8on

The Korean Example South Korea one of the Asian Tigers

Technology Valley, Seoul

Researcher per Million Inhabitants

Germany

Korea

The Korean Example

500

1980

2500

1997

² Knowledge, ² Innova8on ² Social responsibility

Are the pillars of : ² Economic development and ² Social prosperity

Capacity to deal with

Interna8onal Knowledge

Time

?

We should focus on quality culture, innova8on and evalua8on in: •  Educa,on & Higher Educa,on •  Public – Private partnership •  Use of informa,on and Communica,on Technology

in industry and services •  Economic Clustering (State/Local authori,es/industry/

university)

Poli8cal and social will

Construc8on of the Knowledge Society should be -‐ the priority for both public and private funding -‐ enhanced by regional and Interna,onal coopera,on

Great Opportunity The Diaspora and the Diaspora Network

Presentations & Public Speaking

Knowledge Society : Challenges and Opportunities for Economic and Territorial Development