Agriculture supplement for the NAP Process

Julia Wolf, Natural Resources Manager FAO Climate Change, Bioenergy, Land Tenure Division

NAPs EXPO- Bonn, Germany

14-15 April 2015

Challenges in agriculture sector

• Knowledge gaps concerning the potential impacts of climate change many agricultural production systems, and, at a larger scale, the impacts of climate change on complex systems, e.g. ecosystems, and agro-ecosystems.

• Complexity in projecting mid/long term vision for agricultural sectors at the appropriate scale: The agricultural sectors can be highly location-specific, meaning that projections are required at a very detailed scale – these are often not available and disproportionally affected by small changes in temperature and rain patterns

• Context-specific intervention and diversity amongst stakeholders: Agriculture, forestry, fisheries and aquaculture production require different and highly context-specific interventions with numerous actors, many of whom are not always in a position to effectively engage in such a process.

Challenges in agriculture sector

• Need to devise and implement agriculture adaptation pathways that are effective along with gradual changes: Adaptation pathways need to be designed to enhance the resilience of agriculture production systems to different stresses along a mid- to long-term period as the climate changes while considering food security and nutrition aspects.

• Need to maintain current food security by obtaining regular production and income from the agriculture sectors: Few actors can afford to undertake adaptation measures. For developing countries and smallholder farmers in particular, devising adaptation options that either do not put actual productivity at risk or that are complemented by compensating strategies is key.

Objectives

To facilitate the integration of food security and agriculture concerns and perspectives into the NAP process;

To enable agriculture stakeholders to better identify and understand the issues at stake in a mid/long term perspective and to empower them to participate efficiently in the process; and

To provide guidance for non-agriculture specialists to understand the issues at stake.

Start

Overview of NAP Process

B.1 Analyzing current and future climate for agricultural production

and sustainability

B.2 Assessing impacts and vulnerabilities and identifying

adaptation options for the agriculture sectors

B.4. Compiling and communicating agricultural

perspectives of NAPs

B.3 Selecting and appraising adaptation options in agriculture

sectors

B.5 Review integration of climate change adaptation with

development planning

Element B. Preparatory elements

A.1 Initiating and launching of the NAP process A.2 Stocktaking

A.4 Literature review on national processes

A.3 Addressing capacity gaps and weaknesses in the undertaking of the

NAP process

Element A. Lay the groundwork and address gaps

C1. Prioritizing climate change adaptation in

national planning

C.2 Developing a (long-term) national adaptation implementation strategy

C.4 Promoting coordination and synergy at the regional level and with

other multilateral environmental agreements

C3. Enhancing capacity for planning and implementing

adaptation

Element C. Implementation strategies

D.1 Monitoring and NAP Process

D.2 Monitoring the inclusion of agriculture sectors into the

NAPs

D. 4 Outreach on the NAP process and reporting on

progress and effectiveness

D.3 Monitoring implementation of the overall NAP process and

activities

Element D. Reporting, Monitoring and Review

Element A. Lay the groundwork and address gaps

A.1 Initiating and launching of the NAP process

A.2 Stocktaking

a. Briefing on NAP process - adaptation challenges & opportunities of the agriculture sectors

b. Coordinating mechanism, available technical and financial support for the adaptation of the agriculture sectors

c. National vision and mandate for NAPs in the agriculture sectors

d. NAP framework/strategy and roadmap for the agriculture sectors

a. Stocktaking of adaptation activities and national investment plans

b. Synthesis of available knowledge and methodologies on impacts, vulnerability and adaptation

c. Capacity and institutional gap analysis d. Barriers, constraints and opportunities analysis

Building blocks Identify opportunities for the agriculture sectors in the national climate change strategy or action plan Define support for agriculture sectors in the NAP process including technical and budget support Review previous adaptation measures addressed through NAPAs Develop a roadmap for the inclusion of the agriculture sectors in the NAP process Strategy for NAP (consultations, key institutions)

Status of national adaptation activities and investment plans Existing knowledge on climate change, climate modeling, impacts, vulnerabilities Review capacity of the collaborating institutions to identify framework for climate change mainstreaming Existing barriers and constraints

Issues

Element B. Preparatory elements

A.3 Addressing capacity gaps and weaknesses in the undertaking of the NAP process

A.4 Literature review on national processes

a. Building institutional and technical capacity for the agriculture sectors

b. Opportunities for integrating adaptation into development of the agriculture sectors

c. Programmes on climate change adaptation communication, public awareness-raising and education on the agriculture sectors

a. Compile development objectives, policies, plans and programmes b. Synergy between development and adaptation objectives,

policies, plans and programmes

Trainings for institutions and for technical capacity on agriculture sectors Opportunities for adaptation Outreach and knowledge sharing

Review national development objectives and alignment in policies, plans and program Identify relation between agriculture sectors and national priorities

Issues Building blocks

Element B. Preparatory elements

B.1 Analyzing current and future climate change for agriculture production and sustainability

B.2. Assessing impacts and vulnerabilities and identifying adaptation options for the agricultural sectors

a. Consult with NAP Core team for climate information for other sectors

b. Analysis of current climate and impacts of agriculture systems and groups

c. Modeling of climate scenarios of agriculture systems (physical elements)

d. Future climate scenarios and possible impacts in agriculture systems

a. Assess vulnerability to climate change in the agriculture sectors, subnational and national

b. Rank climate change risks and vulnerabilities in the agriculture sectors

c. Identify agriculture systems constraints on productivity and sustainability

d. Identify and assess adaptation options to address priority vulnerabilities in the agriculture sector

Identify pre-existing knowledge on climate Current climate and production levels of the agriculture, livestock and status of fisheries and aquaculture and forests Projected change in climate, possible ranges of change in agriculture systems Assess future changes in yields

Identify vulnerabilities of climate change on the country’s agriculture sectors and impact on all stakeholders Prioritizing risks and vulnerabilities in agriculture sectors (underlying urgency) Constraints from climate on agriculture systems

Issues Building blocks

Element A. Lay the groundwork and address gaps

A.1. Initiating and launching the NAP process

Examples of policy-briefs and information materials for the agricultural sectors:

Element B. Preparatory elements

B.1 Analyzing current and future climate change for agriculture production and sustainability

B.2. Assessing impacts and vulnerabilities and identifying adaptation options for the agricultural sectors

a. Consult with NAP Core team for climate information for other sectors

b. Analysis of current climate and impacts of agriculture systems and groups

c. Modeling of climate scenarios of agriculture systems (physical elements)

d. Future climate scenarios and possible impacts in agriculture systems

a. Assess vulnerability to climate change in the agriculture sectors, subnational and national

b. Rank climate change risks and vulnerabilities in the agriculture sectors

c. Identify agriculture systems constraints on productivity and sustainability

d. Identify and assess adaptation options to address priority vulnerabilities in the agriculture sector

Identify pre-existing knowledge on climate Current climate and production levels of the agriculture, livestock and status of fisheries and aquaculture and forests Projected change in climate, possible ranges of change in agriculture systems Assess future changes in yields

Identify vulnerabilities of climate change on the country’s agriculture sectors and impact on all stakeholders Prioritizing risks and vulnerabilities in agriculture sectors (underlying urgency) Constraints from climate on agriculture systems

Issues Building blocks

Element B. Preparatory elements

Analysing climate data and assessing vulnerabilities to climate change and identifying adaptation options at the sector, subnational, national and other appropriate levels

• Integrated impact assessment on crop yields, from climate data handling to economic assessment

• Provides information to support decision-making at national level

• Delivered to national institutions with training

• Analysis of vulnerability methodologies to propose appropriate VA frameworks

Element B. Preparatory elements

B.3 Selecting and appraising adaptation options in agriculture sectors

B.5. Selecting and appraising adaptation options in agriculture sectors

B.4. Compiling and communicating agricultural perspectives of NAPs

a. Select the appraisal methodology and criteria (e.g. Cost-benefits, environmental impact, sustainability, productivity, resilience) of adaptation options in agriculture sectors

b. Appraise options using selected methodologies, consider environmental and socio-economic impacts of adaptation measures

c. Verification consultation on ranking of adaptation options with national stakeholders

a. Adaptation priorities of the agriculture sectors in the draft national

adaptation plan for sector and national investment plans b. Compile agriculture perspective as a agriculture component or into

the national adaptation plans to process endorsement at the national level

a. Identify opportunities and constraints for integrating climate

change into planning

b. Build and enhance capacity for integrating climate change into

planning

c. Facilitate the integration of climate change adaptation into

existing national and sub national planning processes

Methodologies and criteria to rank adaptation options Use methodologies to appraise options, assess current future investment plans Ensure consensus by stakeholders on adaptation options

National priority adaptation actions for sector/national investment plans Combine agriculture perspective to national adaptation plan or as an agriculture component for endorsement by all stakeholders

Address key institutions and stakeholders to support NAP process Progressive capacity development on adaptation in agriculture sectors Inclusion of NAP Process in all sub national and national processes

Issues Building blocks

Voluntary Guidelines to Support the Integration of Genetic Diversity into National Climate Change Adaptation Planning

• Endorsed at GRFA-15 Session, January 2015 and June 2015, it will be brought to the attention of the FAO Conference, the Governing Body of FAO for its adoption and, as adopted, shared with the UNFCCC.

Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (GRFA)

Guidelines aim:

• To promote the use of GRFA in climate change adaptation and support their integration into national climate change adaptation planning;

• To support the genetic resources experts and those involved in climate change adaptation to identify and address the challenges and opportunities of GRFA in adaptation; and

• To promote the involvement of genetic resources stakeholders in the national climate change adaptation planning process.

Agro-Ecological Zones (AEZ) methodology provides a standardized framework for analyzing synergies and trade-offs of alternative uses of agro-resources (land, water, technology) for producing food and energy, while preserving environmental quality

AEZ analysis yields knowledge about current and future production potentials of land, helps identify land and water limitations and provides insight into current yield and production gaps and their causes

AEZ database provides data and information on agricultural resources, potentials, synergies and trade-offs for sustainable development including applications of climate smart agriculture, sustainable intensification addressing issues of food security under a changing climate

GAEZ Data Portal 3.0

www.fao.org/nr/GAEZ

GAEZ Data Portal 3.0 Provides interactive and dynamic web

application to report on the current state and trends of agricultural production and crop suitability

Designed based on multi-dimensional, multi-temporal and multi-purpose database

Developed using standards and innovative technology

Enables public access to data and information

Becoming a gateway global, regional and local geospatial and tabular information on agricultural resources and potential

For more information: Renato Cumani at Renato.Cumani@fao.org

www.fao.org/nr/GAEZ

Next steps

• Consultations with UNFCCC, the LEG, other UN Agencies and countries are ongoing (2014-2015)

• Launched at COP 21

• Pilot the “agriculture

Supplement” at national level

Thank you! For more information, please visit:

FAO NAPs Coordination Global: Julia.Wolf@fao.org

Contributions to the presentation by

Claudia.Garcia@fao.org

www.fao.org/climatechange