Democracy vs dictatorship in terms of economic prospective

Democracy vs DictatorshipIn Economy Prospective

Azeem farooq Faraz sharif sohna Zeeshan khalid Ovais khan

Group members

Introduction Merits and Demerits History Some past regimes Economic comparison different ers’s. Conclusion

Table of Contents

It has been 65 years since the creation of Pakistan and in this huge time span Pakistan has seen three military dictatorships and four democratic governments eras but still the debate of which is best for Pakistan’s Economy

Introduction

Government of the People , by the people , for the people (Abraham Lincoln)

It refers to the type of Government , elected by the Local bodies and exercised by them directly or indirectly.

It is the most experienced and common type of Government .

What is Democracy ?

Main Points:People elect their own Government. They are ruled by the people of their own choice. There is no One Party Government in the Country A common person is considered as the Primary

source of the elected Government . No One Man Show .

Democracy

Local Body government in which people are free to choose their rulers

People have liberty of speech . Public Questions are decided by the will of majority. People get the chance to change the governing bodies. Legal form of government. Voters have the opportunity to select the person who they

believe can serve them in a favorable manner .

They have the freedom to choose their Head by the general elections.

Merits of Democracy

According to Napoleon , “ Nine people out of ten are fool”

This cause the election of some illegible persons Corruption and Bribery. Illiterate people sometimes choose the people on caste

and creed basis. Expensive mode of government.

Demerits of Democracy

Influence by lobbyist on governing bodies. As the people representatives are influenced

by heavy bribes, that leads to Corruption

Demerits of Democracy

A type of government in which the whole governing body is controlled by a single individual or a single group of people.

Totalitarianism in which a single personality govern all the authorities .

Dictatorship

More stable government . Less room for Corruption. More efficient during emergencies. Less crime rates. Things happening very quickly. More stronger economy than democratic government . No politics ever

Merits of Dictatorship

The most unfriendly type of government.

People sometimes have not the freedom to speak and express their views against the government.

People have to just follow the orders.

Military dictatorship is worst type of government.

Demerits of Dictatorship

From the inception of Pakistan , there has been the conflictions between the military and civil leadership

For about 30 years in history, we had dictator leadership.

Pakistan is a democratic country

In Pakistan, Democracy or the Dictatorship ???

Dictatorial Regimes in Pakistan(Ayub khan) Field Marshal Ayub Khan’s Regime He ruled for about ten years(1958-1969) His regime is said to be Industrial and Reforms Era Most developed decade in the History of Pakistan Capital was raised to Rs. 4.7 billion and GDP was

raised to 6.8% Pakistan was self sufficient in industrial and

agricultural sector

Dictatorial behavior of Ayub Khan rose rage of people against himself

He tried to overcome it by the use of power, that leads to the separation of East Pakistan.

Constitution of 1962 was launched by Ayub Khan in which all the supreme authorities was owned by him.

After the resignation, he handed the government to General Yahya Khan.

Yahya’s policies against the East Pakistani’s caused formation of Bangladesh.

Dictatorial Regimes in Pakistan(Ayub khan)

In 1977, Zia ul Haq over threw Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto’s government and declared Marshal Law .

Government was blamed for the rigging in General Elections 1977 Zia regime lasts for about ten years when he died in the plane crash

in 1988 Islamic Shariaah was enforced in his era. This was the era of cold war against USSR in which Pakistan played

a vital role. Zia assist Afghanis by Military as well as by finance.

General Zia ul Haq’s Regime

Like Ayub era , many industrial and agricultural reforms were introduced.

Pakistan started its Nuclear Program and Zia was able to stand against external pressures.

Military was made more strong and efficient.

Many new reforms were introduced that could lend benefits to the common people.

Islamization was introduced and all the Non Islamic activities were strictly prohibited.

Pakistan had highest GDP rate in the history in Zia era.

General Zia ul Haq’s Regime

After the Zia ul Haq , general elections were held which allowed PPP to make government .

This government could not exist for the long time as they were acussed of corruption.

Then came the era of Nawaz Shareef , which too could stand for a long time

From 1988 to 1999, no government could stand more than 3 years This decade was said to be the failure of democracy in Pakistan

General Musharraf’s Regime

From 2000 to 2008, again this was the era of dictator.

Gen Musharraf afterward declared himself as the President of Pakistan.

This era is known to be most economical era, as many of the major industries were flourished.

Telecom sector made a remarkable development in Pakistan.

GDP was raised to about 9% .


Musharraf policies and American support by him lead the country towards the serious threads of Terrorism

Dictatorial nature of Musharraf raised national aggression against himself.

Suspension of CJ Supreme Court, allowance of Americans to use Pakistan against Afghanistan were some of the worst steps taken by him.

Dictatorial behavior of Musharraf caused the political opposition against him.


Four Economic Indicators

GDP ( Gross Domestic Product) Inflation Electrical Production Employment

Evaluate Economic Performance From 1977-2007

This period starting from 1977-1988 is regarded as the second dictatorship era in the history of Pakistan as

the first one was Ayub Khan’s era,it is also called the era of Islamization

Dictator Zia- Ul-Haq’s Era

GDP in Zia-ul-haq Era

1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 19880.00

5,000,000,000.00

10,000,000,000.00

15,000,000,000.00

20,000,000,000.00

25,000,000,000.00

30,000,000,000.00

35,000,000,000.00

40,000,000,000.00

45,000,000,000.00

GDP

During the ten years of Zia-Ul-Haq’s rule the GDP of Pakistan increased by 154%

Inflation In Zia-ul-haq Era

1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 19880

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

Inflation

Inflation

Average inflation rate/year was 7%

Electric Production

1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 19880.00

5,000,000,000.00

10,000,000,000.00

15,000,000,000.00

20,000,000,000.00

25,000,000,000.00

30,000,000,000.00

35,000,000,000.00

Electricity production (kWh)


Electricity Production during Zia-Ul-Haq’s Era increased by 200% in the ten years

Unemployment

1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 19880

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

4.5

Unemployment

Unemployment

The unemployment rate also decreased by 27%

This decade is regarded as the third democratic era in this period of approximately eleven years from 1988-1999. Pakistan’s political history experienced two democratic government twice i.e Late Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto and Nawaz Sharif ruled Pakistan alternatively each being elected twice with heavy mandate of the people.

Third Democratic Era

First Democratic Rule 1988-1990 (PPP)

1989 199039900000000

39950000000

40000000000

40050000000

40100000000

40150000000

40200000000

GDP (current US$)

GDP (current US$)

1989 199033000000000

33500000000

34000000000

34500000000

35000000000

35500000000

36000000000

36500000000

37000000000

37500000000

38000000000



GDP Decreased by 2 % Electricity Only by 8%

First Democratic Rule 1988-1990 (PPP)

1989 19907.2

7.4

7.6

7.8

8

8.2

8.4

8.6

8.8

9

9.2

Inflation

Inflation

1989 19900

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

Unemployment

Inflation Increased by 15% Unemployment Decreased by 18%

Second Democratic Rule 1990-93(PML)

1991 1992 199342000000000

43000000000

44000000000

45000000000

46000000000

47000000000

48000000000

49000000000

50000000000

51000000000

52000000000

GDP (current US$)

GDP (current US$)

1991 1992 19930

10000000000

20000000000

30000000000

40000000000

50000000000

60000000000



GDP of Pakistan increased by 18.3% Electricity production increased by 23%

Second Democratic Rule 1990-93(PML)

1991 1992 19930

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

Inflation

Inflation

1991 1992 19930

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Unemployment

Inflation decreased by 15.2% Average unemployment rate was 5.1%.

2001-2007 After government Nawaz Sharif , General Musharaf

took the control of the government and legitimized his rule due to elections held in 2002 brought PML(Q) into the government who proved to be loyal supporters of President Musharaf and he ruled Pakistan for more than 8 years.

3rd Dictator Era

GDP in Musharaf Era

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 20080

20000000000

40000000000

60000000000

80000000000

100000000000

120000000000

140000000000

160000000000

180000000000

GDP (current US$)

GDP (current US$)

Massive increase in the GDP of Pakistan by 120%

Electric production

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 20080

20000000000

40000000000

60000000000

80000000000

100000000000

120000000000



Period of eight years it only increased by 30%.

Inflation in Musharaf era

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 20080

5

10

15

20

25

Inflation

Inflation

Inflation was increased to 20% Average inflation rate per year during his rule was 7%

Unemployment in Dictator’s era

2000 2002 2004 2006 2007 20080

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

Unemployment

Unemployment

Well controlled and in in rule the unemployment decreased by the 1%

Comparative Analysis of GDP

Zia UI Haq PPP PML(N) Musharaf0

20000000000

40000000000

60000000000

80000000000

100000000000

120000000000

GDP (current US$)

GDP (current US$)

Comparative analysis of Electric production


10000000000

20000000000

30000000000

40000000000

50000000000

60000000000

70000000000

80000000000

90000000000



Comparative analysis of Inflation rate


2

4

6

8

10

12

Inflation

Inflation

Comparative analysis of unemployment rate


1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Unemployment

Unemployment

If we consider GDP as the factor for evaluation of governments then DICTATORSHIP proves a better option.

The second economic indicator used in this report is Electricity production which also indicates the highest growth rates in the terms of electricity production was under the government of Musharaf and Zia-Ul-Haq therefore this factor also supports DICTATORSHIP.

Our third economic indicator in in this report is inflation and it also indicates that the inflation rates were low and controlled under the governments of Musharaf and Zia as compared to government of PPP and PML(N) therefore this factor also supports DICTATORSHIP as a better form of government.

Unemployment is the fourth economic factor which we have used to evaluate governments in the past thirty years and this also shows that the unemployment was LEAST during the rule of Zia-Ul-Haq while Musharaf had the HIGHEST unemployment rates So there is little edge for DEMOCRACY for maintaining unemployment rate.

Conclusion

Presentations & Public Speaking

Democracy vs dictatorship in terms of economic prospective