Rainwater Harvesting & Condesate Recovery(Presentation Format)

Rainwater Harvesting & Condensate Recovery

New Tools for Sustainable Site Development

By

Tom Barrett

May 2009

Green • Water • Infrastructure





Untapped Reservoir

Untapped Reservoir

Untapped Reservoir

Untapped Reservoir

Untapped Reservoir

How Much Rain Falls in Chicago?

January - 1.86"February - 1.58"March - 2.59"April - 3.28"May - 3.75"June - 4.08"July - 3.39"August - 3.38"September - 2.91" October - 2.65"November - 2.09"December - 1.88"Total 33.44"

Image of Rain Falling

Graph of Chicago Rain Fall

Thirty Year Average

Monthly Rain Fall

Chicago

(1971 - 2000)

0.00

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

3.00

3.50

4.00

4.50

5.00

January February March April May June July August September October November December

Month

Inches

How Much Water Falls in Chicago?

January - 2,727 gallonsFebruary - 2,540March - 4,130April - 5,735May - 5,268June - 5,657July - 5,470August - 7,200September - 5,096 October - 4,223November - 4,691December - 3,787Total 56,525


2,500 sq. ft. Roof


January - 11,880 gallonsFebruary - 11,065March - 17,990April - 24,982May - 22,945June - 24,642July - 23,828August - 31,363September - 22,199 October - 18,397November - 20,434December - 16,496Total 246,221


¼ Acre Residential Property


January - 142,560 gallonsFebruary - 132,784March - 215,876April - 299,783May - 275,344June - 295,710July - 285,934August - 376,358September - 266,383 October - 220,764November - 245,203December - 197,954Total 2,954,654


3 Acre Commercial Property


January - 475,195 gallonsFebruary - 442,610March - 719,581April - 999,267May - 917,805June - 985,690July - 953,105August - 1,254,515September - 887,936 October - 735,873November - 817,335December - 659,842Total 9,848,756

City Block (660’ x 660’ – 10 acres)

How Much Water is in Rain Event?

1,558 gallons779 gallons390 gallons2,500 ft. sq.

Roof

271,540135,77067,885Chicago City

Block

135,77040,73120,3663 Acre

Commercial

Property

67,7893,9941,697¼ Acre

Residential

Property

1” Rain½” Rain¼” Rain

What can we do with this water?

• Flush Toilets

• Wash Vehicles

• Clean Sidewalks

• Laundry

• Water the

Landscape

How Much Do We Use?

Daily Monthly AnnuallyToilet - 19 gallons 570 6,840Bathing - 15 450 5,400Laundry - 8 240 2,880Kitchen - 7 210 2,520Housekeeping - 1 30 360 Total 50 1,500 18,000

The average household uses between 50 and 100 gallons of water

per person per day.

How Much Water Does a Landscape Need in Chicago?

January - 0.00"February - 0.00"March - 0.68"April - 2.01"May - 3.95"June - 5.89"July - 6.99"August - 6.07"September - 3.87" October - 2.08"November - 0.63"December - 0.00"Total 32.17"

What is the Problem?

ET Rain DifferenceJanuary - 0.00" 1.75" 1.75" February - 0.00" 1.63" 1.63" March - 0.68" 2.65" 1.97" April - 2.01" 3.68" 1.67" May - 3.95" 3.38" -0.57"June - 5.89" 3.63" -2.26"July - 6.99" 3.51" -3.48"August - 6.07" 4.62" -1.45"September - 3.87" 3.27" -0.60"October - 2.08" 2.71" 0.63"November - 0.63" 3.01" 2.38"December - 0.00" 2.43" 2.43"Total 32.17“ 36.27" 4.10"

Graph of Chicago Evapotranspiration

Evapotranspiration

(Chicago)

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inches

Evaportation

Graph of Chicago Rain Fall & Evapotranspiration

Precipatation

(Chicago)

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1.0

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6.0

7.0

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Rain Fall

Graph of Chicago Rain Fall & Evapotranspiration

ET vs. Precipatation

(Chicgo)

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inches Rain Fall

Evaportation

Difference

Landscape Ecology

Size the landscape to the 80% of the average rain water production.

– Roof Runoff

– Hardscape Runoff

Balancing rain water to landscape creates a functional landscape that utilizes the site’s water production.

Stormwater Mitigation






– Collection runoff near the source

– Slow it down

– Soak it in

– Filter it

– Apply it to the landscape

– Create habitats

Peak Flow(1 Acre Site)

9.5 cfs5.7 cfs25 Year Storm





RoofGrass Field

cfs – cubic feet per second


71.1 gps42.6 gps25 Year Storm





RoofGrass Field

gps – gallons per second


4,266 gpm2,556 gpm25 Year Storm

1,932 gpm630 gpm1 Year Storm



2,424 gpm942 gpm2 Year Storm

RoofGrass Field

gpm – gallons per minute

Peak Flow(2,500 sq. ft. Roof)






RoofGrass Field

cfs – cubic feet per second

Peak Flow(2,500 sq. ft. Roof)






RoofGrass Field

gps – gallons per second

Peak Flow(2,500 ft. sq. Roof)

245 gpm147 gpm25 Year Storm





RoofGrass Field

gpm – gallons per minute

Stormwater Effects of Urbanization

Change in Peak Runoff Flow

Before and after Development

0%

50%

100%

150%

200%

250%

1 Year Storm 2 Year Storm 10 Year

Storm

25 Year

Storm

100 Year

Storm

Collection and Dispersal

Collection Systems

– Rain Barrels

– Downspout Collection

– Cisterns

Dispersal Systems

– Rain Gardens

– Bioswales

– Irrigation

Rain Barrels

Rain Barrels

Rain Barrels

• Collect a small amount of water

– 50 to 300 gallons

• Can be unattractive

• The water must be used

Downspout Collectors

Downspout Collectors

Captures 90% of the rainwater

Cisterns

Above Ground

Cisterns

Below Ground

Putting It Together

Control Systems

Sensors plus Logic Circuits

Cistern Sensors

• High Water – Disperse the water– Alarm

• Irrigation Water– Reserve for landscape

• Household Water– Minimum if household water use

• Low Water l– Pump protection

Irrigation System

• Soil moisture

Drip Irrigation Systems

90% Efficiency Rating

Expanding Stormwater Detention Systems into Stormwater Retention

Small increase in size creates a large increase in volume.

Small increase in cost delivers a large volume of water.

Mitigates the ¼” to ½”rainfall events.

Image of Growing Plant

Condensation

Condensation

Condensation

Untapped Reservoir

Untapped Reservoir

HVAC Condensation

• ½ gallon per hour per ton

of air conditioning.

• 1,000 ton air conditioner

produces 8 gallons of

water per minute.

• Condensation production

occurs when the landscape

needs the water.

HVAC Condensation

• ½ gallon per hour per ton

of air conditioning.

• One ton of air conditioning

for every 700 sq. ft. of floor

space.

• One ton of air conditioning

for every 5,600 cu. ft. of

building volume.

Residential Condensation

• 8 to 15 gallons of water

per day.

• 60 to 100 gallons per

week.

• 250 to 450 gallons per

month.

Commercial Condensation

• 15 gallons of water per

minute.

• 360 gallons of water per

day.

• 2,520 gallons of water per

week.

• 10,000 gallons of water a

month.






Untapped Reservoir

Untapped Reservoir

Untapped Reservoir

Untapped Reservoir

Untapped Reservoir

Questions?

• Green Water Infrastructure

• Strategic Planning

• Marketing

• Training

Tom Barrett104 Ash Circle

Noblesville, Indiana 46062

(317) 773-3111

(317) 441-8703 cell

[email protected]

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Rainwater Harvesting & Condesate Recovery(Presentation Format)